Liquid parties, dense populism

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1069-1083
Author(s):  
Nadia Urbinati

Before proceeding, I would like to clarify briefly two interpretative premises, one methodological and one normative, which sustain my argument. Understanding the transformations facing constitutional democratic societies is a demanding task. These transformations, whose multiple causes are socio-economic not merely political, reflect on the one hand in the decline of mass party form of organization and on the other in the success of populism as not simply a movement of contestation but as a ruling power. In this article, I will suggest that the successes of populism are connected to the decline of organized parties, the pillar of constitutional democracy as it emerged after 1945. It is impossible to predict whether populism will succeed in becoming the new form of democracy. It is, however, certain that contemporary representative governments are facing astonishing mutations and the decline of the party form of representative unification of claims and ideas is one of them. My argument relies upon a phenomenology of populism as a movement that is strong in proportion as organized parties are weak, which actually capitalizes on a revolt against intermediary bodies such as parties. 1

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Morse

How to respond justly to the dangers persistent violent offenders present is a vexing moral and legal issue. On the one hand, we wish to reduce predation; on the other, we want to treat predators fairly. The central theme of this paper is that it is difficult to achieve both goals without compromising one of them, and that both are being seriously undermined. I begin by explaining the legal theory, doctrine and practice governing dangerous offenders (DO) and demonstrate that the law leaves a gap in the ability to confine them. Next I explore the means by which the law has overtly or covertly sought to fill the gap. Many of these measures, especially the new form of civil commitment for sexual predators, dangerously conflate moral and medical categories. I conclude that pure preventive detention is more common than we usually assume, but that this practice violates fundamental assumptions concerning liberty under the American constitutional regime.


Experiment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Bobrinskaya

Abstract The paper deals with anti-Western motifs in Russian avant-garde culture, especially their refraction in Russian futurism. On the one hand, the tendency is linked to a strategic goal—asserting independent versions of this or that new form of art and, on the other, it coincides with fundamental features of Russian modernism such as archaization, national self-identification and Eastern cultures.


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Rahimah Hamdan ◽  
Arba’ie Sujud

This paper was aimed at identifying the guidance to parenting that emerged in the first Malay autobiography, the Hikayat Abdullah, and subsequently, to analyse those instructions on parenting in the context of the traditional Malay society of the 19th century. The recognition accorded to Abdullah Munshi as the Father of Modern Malay Literature has attracted various reactions from scholars. Some scholars regard Abdullah Munshi as the one who brought renewal to Malay literature through his courageous criticism of the customs and culture that had been in practice for generations. On the other hand, there are scholars who disapprove of that recognition being given to him and who consider Abdullah Munshi’s criticisms in his works as a deviation from the reality expressed in previous works. Nevertheless, not a single study has suggested that perhaps Abdullah Munshi firmly emphasized those criticisms with the intention of providing some sort of guidance. Hence, by analysing certain texts in the Hikayat Abdullah and by reviewing the evidence from the perspective of Swettenham (1895), who objectively evaluated the thinking and culture of the Malay community, this study was able to rectify the image of Abdullah Munshi, who, all this while, was considered to be pro-British because of his harsh criticism of the Malay community. Moreover, those criticisms were meant to provide guidance for the family institution, especially for parents. This indirectly proves that Abdullah Munshi took a serious view of parenting and believed that improvements were necessary to produce a dignified and civilized generation. In conclusion, the autobiography, the Hikayat Abdullah, was not just a new form of writing that deviated from the conventions of traditional Malay literature, but was the fruit of the wisdom of the author that was meant to benefit his readers.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
N.V. Zhukova ◽  
B.B. Aismontas

The article analyses the results of scientific information retrieval, aimed at identifying the relationship between certain parameters of archetypes and social behaviors of modern adolescents: on the one hand — development of personality, identity, socialization, on the other hand — the use of social networks as a communication space. The search was conducted within the complex of modern neurosciences at the systematic level and interdisciplinary research.


Al-Albab ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Okta Nurul Hidayati ◽  
M. Endy Saputro

Abstract This paper aims to understand the unique relationship between Korean drama and the formation of multicultural identity among Muslim women students. On the one hand, as a form of racial activity, watching Korean dramas can establish a new form of identity while at the same time enriching a new perspective of building multicultural sense. On the other hand as a part of Muslim, they can control Korean culture that is incompatible with Islamic doctrine. This paper argues that adopting Korean dramas positively supports students in creating multicultural cultures. These findings may contribute to the formation of cultural diversity within the Islamic context.


1878 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
William Dittmar

The object of this communication is to submit to the notice of the Society two little inventions of mine, which, whatever may be the degree of originality which they can claim, will, I venture to hope, prove useful additions to the catalogue of chemical-laboratory appliances. The one is a new form of the precision balance, which pretends to execute exact weighings with a hitherto unattained degree of rapidity; the other is a contrivance for maintaining a constant pressure in a supply of gas, and thus making it possible, with comparative facility, to keep, say an air-bath, for any length of time, at a constant temperature.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-725
Author(s):  
James Harrison

Abstract This article explores the implications of the proliferation of labour provisions in free trade agreements (FTAs) in recent years. It reviews a relatively new form of empirical scholarship on the effectiveness of US and EU labour provisions. In doing so, it helps to identify a large gap between, on the one hand, the rhetoric of policymakers on the importance of such provisions and, on the other, the reality of what they achieve in practice. Reform efforts on both sides of the Atlantic are then examined to find that these also contain major deficiencies. The article therefore asks whether the ineffectiveness of the labour rights agenda in FTAs should be seen as part of a burgeoning class critique of trade policy. In the current political climate, it also suggests that the deficiencies identified, and how they should be resolved, require far greater engagement from both mainstream academia and trade policy communities.


Adeptus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jędrzej Maliński

Attention capital as a result of the emergence of the social mediaIn this paper a theoretical model based on Pierre Bourdieu’s forms of capital is presented. It is applied to an analysis of cultural content production, distribution and consumption mechanisms. It assumes that on the cultural market there is always a social entity mediating between a sender and a receiver – on the one hand as a medium, on the other as institution granting salary to the author. After sketching a historical background, a new type of capital – attention capital – is presented. It has been emerging as a result of the technical development of the mass media and its functioning is profoundly transformed by the social media. Though attention capital (measured, e.g., by the number of likes or comments) is often translatable to other forms of capital, it remains rather autonomous. However, the development of the Internet allows us to broader our choice of content, consistent with our preferences, but the gratification, in form of views, is gained not so much by the author of content, but rather by a person who has shared it. This process is even more noticable in the case of memes, whose authorship often cannot even be established. As a result of the changes on the Internet, the emergence of new form of a sociocultural economy can be noticed. Kapitał uwagi jako skutek powstania mediów społecznościowychW niniejszym artykule przedstawiony zostaje model teoretyczny oparty na formach kapitału Pierre’a Bourdieu. Zostaje on zaaplikowany do analizy mechanizmów produkcji, dystrybucji i konsumpcji treści kulturowych. Obserwując rynek kultury, należy bowiem zauważyć, że pomiędzy nadawcą a odbiorcą każdorazowo istnieje byt społeczny zapośredniczający odbiór treści kulturowych – z jednej strony jako medium, z drugiej strony jako instytucja wynagradzająca autora. Po krótkim rysie historycznym następuje prezentacja, w jaki sposób poprzez powstanie technicznych mediów masowych wyłania się nowy typ kapitału – kapitał uwagi. Jego funkcjonowanie zostaje w jeszcze większym stopniu przekształcone przez powstanie mediów społecznościowych. Choć kapitał uwagi (mierzony w wymiernej liczbie wyświetleń, odwiedzin strony, lajków itd.) jest często przekładalny na inne formy kapitału, to sam w sobie jest autonomiczny. Wprawdzie rozwój internetu pozwala nam na szerszy wybór treści, zgodny z naszymi preferencjami, ale nagrody w postaci wyświetleń (czy komentarzy lub ocen) trafiają nie tyle do autora materiału, co do osoby, która go udostępniła. Proces ten jest jeszcze wyraźniejszy w przypadku memów, których autorstwa często nawet nie sposób ustalić. Obserwując wyłaniające się w internecie zjawiska, możemy w rezultacie mówić o nowej formie społecznej ekonomii kulturowej.


APRIA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Florian Cramer

Publishing is increasingly being challenged through instantaneous social media publish- ing, even in the fields of scholarship and cultural, philosophical and political debate. Memetic self-publishers, such as the right-wing 'YouTube intellectual' Jordan Peterson and his left-wing counterpart Natalie Wynn, seem to tap into urgent needs that traditional publishing fails to identify and address. Does their practice amount to a new form of urgent publishing? How is it different from non-urgent publishing on the one hand and from propaganda on the other? Which urgencies can be addressed by urgent publishing? What is the role of artists and designers in it?


2020 ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Hanna Lukkari

This chapter presents a reading of Hannah Arendt’s constitutional thinking from the perspective of the paradox of constituent power. The paradox at issue here is that, on the one hand, in order to exercise its constituent power, ‘the people’ needs some kind of representation, but on the other hand, all forms of representation are determinations of collective existence and held, in a constitutional democracy, to derive their power from ‘the people’. At stake in constitutional democracy is the contingency of representations of ‘the people’ and the possibility of their modification in response to claims that exclusion from or inclusion within ‘the people’ is violent and alienating. This chapter argues that the paradox ‘glimmers’ in Arendt’s work: it almost crystallizes into an account of the tensions present in ‘the act of founding’, but the ambiguities are again obscured by her republican ideal of constitutio libertatis. The chapter also traces an implication of this ‘glimmering’ in Arendt’s work that is problematic from the perspective of political pluralism: her ‘civilisationalism’. 


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