scholarly journals Can Personality Explain the Educational Gradient in Divorce? Evidence From a Nationally Representative Panel Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1339-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diederik Boertien ◽  
Christian von Scheve ◽  
Mona Park
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Relationship Stability ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Groups ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Social Demographic

The social demographic literature on divorce suggests that the lower educated are more likely to have personality traits that reduce relationship stability. However, few empirical verifications of this proposition exist. To fill this void, we look at the distribution of personality traits across educational groups of married individuals in Britain. Using data from the British Household Panel Survey ( N = 2,665), we first estimated the effects of the “Big Five” personality traits agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience on divorce and subsequently examine their distribution across educational groups. We find that in particular women’s personality traits differ by education. We also observe that personality traits affecting divorce risk are distributed unevenly over educational groups, but they do not favor the higher educated in general. In sum, the data do not support the hypothesis that the lower educated in Britain have personality traits that reduce relationship stability.

Personality change and environmental concerns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher James Hopwood ◽  
Ted Schwaba ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
German Population ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Personal concerns about climate change and the environment are a powerful motivator of sustainable behavior. People’s level of concern varies as a function of a variety of social and individual factors. Using data from 58,748 participants from a nationally representative German sample, we tested preregistered hypotheses about factors that impact concerns about the environment over time. We found that environmental concerns increased modestly from 2009-2017 in the German population. However, individuals in middle adulthood tended to be more concerned and showed more consistent increases in concern over time than younger or older people. Consistent with previous research, Big Five personality traits were correlated with environmental concerns. We present novel evidence that increases in concern were related to increases in the personality traits neuroticism and openness to experience. Indeed, changes in openness explained roughly 50% of the variance in changes in environmental concerns. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the individual level factors associated with changes in environmental concerns over time, towards the promotion of more sustainable behavior at the individual level.

scholarly journals The Authoritarian Dynamic During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Nationalism and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 194855062097802
Author(s):  
Todd K. Hartman ◽  
Thomas V. A. Stocks ◽  
Ryan McKay ◽  
Jilly Gibson-Miller ◽  
Liat Levita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Research has demonstrated that situational factors such as perceived threats to the social order activate latent authoritarianism. The deadly COVID-19 pandemic presents a rare opportunity to test whether existential threat stemming from an indiscriminate virus moderates the relationship between authoritarianism and political attitudes toward the nation and out-groups. Using data from two large nationally representative samples of adults in the United Kingdom ( N = 2,025) and Republic of Ireland ( N = 1,041) collected during the initial phases of strict lockdown measures in both countries, we find that the associations between right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and (1) nationalism and (2) anti-immigrant attitudes are conditional on levels of perceived threat. As anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic increases, so too does the effect of RWA on those political outcomes. Thus, it appears that existential threats to humanity from the COVID-19 pandemic moderate expressions of authoritarianism in society.

Do Links Between Personality and Life Outcomes Generalize? Testing the Robustness of Trait–Outcome Associations Across Gender, Age, Ethnicity, and Analytic Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Soto
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Representative Samples

The Big Five personality traits have been linked with a broad range of consequential life outcomes. The present research systematically tested whether such trait–outcome associations generalize across gender, age, ethnicity, and analytic approaches that control for demographic and personality covariates. Analyses of nationally representative samples from the Life Outcomes of Personality Replication project ( N = 6,126) indicated that (a) most trait–outcome associations do generalize across gender, age, and ethnicity; (b) controlling for overlap between personality traits substantially reduces the strength of many associations; and (c) several dozen trait–outcome associations proved highly generalizable across all analyses. These findings have important implications for evaluating the robustness of the personality–outcome literature, updating the canon of established trait–outcome associations, and conducting future research.

scholarly journals Life history factors, personality and the social clustering of sexual experience in adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 160257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abram J. van Leeuwen ◽  
Ruth Mace
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Multiple Classification ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data

Adolescent sexual behaviour may show clustering in neighbourhoods, schools and friendship networks. This study aims to assess how experience with sexual intercourse clusters across the social world of adolescents and whether predictors implicated by life history theory or personality traits can account for its between-individual variation and social patterning. Using data on 2877 adolescents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we ran logistic multiple classification models to assess the clustering of sexual experience by approximately 17.5 years in schools, neighbourhoods and friendship networks. We examined how much clustering at particular levels could be accounted for by life history predictors and Big Five personality factors. Sexual experience exhibited substantial clustering in friendship networks, while clustering at the level of schools and neighbourhoods was minimal, suggesting a limited role for socio-ecological influences at those levels. While life history predictors did account for some variation in sexual experience, they did not explain clustering in friendship networks. Personality, especially extraversion, explained about a quarter of friends' similarity. After accounting for life history factors and personality, substantial unexplained similarity among friends remained, which may reflect a tendency to associate with similar individuals or the social transmission of behavioural norms.

scholarly journals The relationship between social network usage and some personality traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bilgin ◽  
Asena Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the research, is to examine the relationship between adolescents' five-factor personality features by use of Social Media. As for sample, there are 548 girl and 441 boy students and they are between the ages of 11-18.  Adolescents’ data participating in the study, are determined by Big Five Factor personality traits Scale. Prepared data on the use of social media called "Personal Information Form" has been obtained by researcher. In the analysis of data, understanding of social media use times whether it differs according to big five personality traits, According to the social media using time, there was no significant difference between the agreeableness and openness subscales. On the other hand, there is a significant differences between conscientiousness, extraversion and neuroticism.  In association with five personality traits of social media purpose, it was found that there are significant differences with different personality traits for each purpose.

scholarly journals From privilege to prevalence: contextual effects of women's schooling on African marital timing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Frye ◽  
Sara Lopus
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

In Africa and elsewhere, educated women tend to marry later than their less educated peers. Beyond being an attribute of individual women, education is also an aggregate phenomenon: the social meaning of a woman’s educational attainment depends on the educational attainments of her agemates. Using data from 30 countries and 246 birth cohorts across sub-Saharan Africa, we investigate the impact of educational context (the percent of women in a country cohort who ever attended school) on the relationship between a woman’s own educational attainment and her marital timing. In contexts where access to education is prevalent, the marital timing of uneducated and highly-educated women is more similar than it is in contexts where attending school is limited to a privileged minority. This across-country convergence is driven by no-education women marrying later in high-education contexts, especially through lower rates of very early marriages. However, within countries over time, the marital ages of women from different educational groups tend to diverge as educational access expands. This within-country divergence is most often driven by later marriage among highly-educated women, although some countries’ divergence is driven by earlier marriage among women who never attended school.

scholarly journals Associations Between Personality Traits and Cognitive Resilience in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Eileen K Graham ◽  
Bryan D James ◽  
Kathryn L Jackson ◽  
Emily C Willroth ◽  
Patricia Boyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives The goal of this paper was to examine associations between personality traits and resilience to neuropathologic burden. Method Using data from the Religious Orders Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project, we identified a total of 1,375 participants with personality, cognitive, and post-mortem neuropathology data. We regressed cognition onto pathology and extracted the residuals as an indicator of cognitive resilience. We then modeled the effect of Big Five personality traits on cognitive resilience, adjusting for demographics, APOE status, medical comorbidities, and cognitive activity. The analytic plan was preregistered prior to data access or analysis, and all scripts and outputs are available online. Results Higher neuroticism was associated with greater vulnerability to pathology. Results from exploratory analyses suggest that higher conscientiousness was associated with less cognitive decline relative to the amount of pathology, or greater resilience. Education and cognitive activity did not moderate these associations. Discussion Personality may have a pathoplastic effect on neuropathology, as low neuroticism and high conscientiousness are associated with better function despite neuropathologic burden.

The Role of Big 5 Personality Traits in Determining Ethical Behaviour for Hospitality Industry Employees’ in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nor Lelawati Jamaludin ◽  
Patrick Mehon
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Ethical Behaviour ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of

This study begins from the realisation of the important contributions of employees’ personality traits and ethical behaviour in the workplace to business success. Therefore, it is imperative that further studies are conducted especially in Hospitality Industry in Malaysia, where there is paucity of research in this area. This study aims to understand the relationship of the Big Five personality traits (Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism) inpredicting ethical behaviour of employees. A sample of 150 employees from The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Kuala Lumpur accepted the invitation and filled out the survey questionnaire. In a series of regression analyses, we found that the studied variables accounted for 92.8% of the variance in employees’ ethical behaviour. Results show that for the employees at The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Openness to Experience personality trait contributes the most to ethical behaviour at their workplace, followed by Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. This paper discusses the results from the social, psychological, and human resource perspectives, as well as their implications for human resource management.

scholarly journals Financing social ventures by crowdfunding

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Bernardino ◽  
J. Freitas Santos
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
The Social

Studies on the profile of the social entrepreneurs that use crowdfunding (CF) for financing social projects are relatively rare, specifically in the context of Social Stock Exchange platforms. This research aims to understand the role played by social entrepreneurs’ personality traits on the choice between the traditional donation model and social CF to finance social projects. The particular case of the Portuguese Social Stock Exchange (PSSE) is presented and a quantitative and exploratory approach is used. The data were collected through a questionnaire that was emailed to non-governmental organizations in Portugal and founders of the projects listed on PSSE. Logistic regression is employed to predict the probability that a social entrepreneur would use PSSE rather than traditional financing. The predictor variables are based on the Big Five personality traits. Our investigation reveals that the conscientiousness personality trait is the only factor that might explain the use of the PSSE platform.

scholarly journals A model of the relationships between the Big Five personality traits and the motivations to deliver word-of-mouth online

Psihologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Anastasiei ◽  
Nicoleta Dospinescu
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Concern For Others ◽  
Negative Feelings

The goal of this research is to establish the relationships between the Big Five personality traits ? Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism and Openness ? and the motivations to deliver electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) in the social media. The research method was based on a survey administered to 262 subjects, mostly students and young professionals. The personality traits that are most related to eWOM are Extraversion (that influences the need for social appreciation and Positive self-enhancement) and Openness to experience (that determines the concern for others and the desire to help good companies). Conscientiousness has a negative relationship with the tendency to Vent negative feelings about a bad buy, while Neuroticism has a slight influence on the motivation to get Social benefits and Self-enhancement. Knowing the prevalent personality traits and motivations of the eWOM transmitters, the company communication strategist can figure out the most proper ways to approach them. This paper is one of the few that throughly investigates the relationship between personality traits and the intrinsic motivations to write online reviews about companies and brands.

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