scholarly journals Life history factors, personality and the social clustering of sexual experience in adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 160257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abram J. van Leeuwen ◽  
Ruth Mace
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Multiple Classification ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data

Adolescent sexual behaviour may show clustering in neighbourhoods, schools and friendship networks. This study aims to assess how experience with sexual intercourse clusters across the social world of adolescents and whether predictors implicated by life history theory or personality traits can account for its between-individual variation and social patterning. Using data on 2877 adolescents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we ran logistic multiple classification models to assess the clustering of sexual experience by approximately 17.5 years in schools, neighbourhoods and friendship networks. We examined how much clustering at particular levels could be accounted for by life history predictors and Big Five personality factors. Sexual experience exhibited substantial clustering in friendship networks, while clustering at the level of schools and neighbourhoods was minimal, suggesting a limited role for socio-ecological influences at those levels. While life history predictors did account for some variation in sexual experience, they did not explain clustering in friendship networks. Personality, especially extraversion, explained about a quarter of friends' similarity. After accounting for life history factors and personality, substantial unexplained similarity among friends remained, which may reflect a tendency to associate with similar individuals or the social transmission of behavioural norms.

scholarly journals Can Personality Explain the Educational Gradient in Divorce? Evidence From a Nationally Representative Panel Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1339-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diederik Boertien ◽  
Christian von Scheve ◽  
Mona Park
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Relationship Stability ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educational Groups ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Social Demographic

The social demographic literature on divorce suggests that the lower educated are more likely to have personality traits that reduce relationship stability. However, few empirical verifications of this proposition exist. To fill this void, we look at the distribution of personality traits across educational groups of married individuals in Britain. Using data from the British Household Panel Survey ( N = 2,665), we first estimated the effects of the “Big Five” personality traits agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience on divorce and subsequently examine their distribution across educational groups. We find that in particular women’s personality traits differ by education. We also observe that personality traits affecting divorce risk are distributed unevenly over educational groups, but they do not favor the higher educated in general. In sum, the data do not support the hypothesis that the lower educated in Britain have personality traits that reduce relationship stability.

An Investigation of Personality Types within the HEXACO Personality Framework

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Ashton ◽  
Kibeom Lee
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Multivariate Normal ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Peer Reports

Recent research aimed at identifying distinct personality types has generally searched for such types in the space of the dimensions of the Big Five or Five-Factor model. We extended this search to the space of the HEXACO model of personality structure, using data from a large community sample of adults. In a series of cluster analyses involving 3 to 7 clusters, the proportion of reliable variance in HEXACO dimensions that was accounted for by the types – i.e., clusters – was small, never exceeding that accounted for by clusters generated from random multivariate normal data. The predictive validity of the types and the dimensions was compared with respect to aggregated peer reports on the Big Five personality factors, and results showed that even the largest sets of HEXACO types accounted for only half as much variance as did the HEXACO dimensions. The results provide no evidence of meaningful personality types within the space of the HEXACO framework.

The unified crime theory and the social correlates of crime and violence: problems and solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-301
Author(s):  
Nicholas Kavish ◽  
Brian Boutwell
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Correlates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Growing Body

Purpose Criminology has produced more than a century of informative research on the social correlates of criminal behavior. Recently, a growing body of theoretical and empirical work has begun to apply evolutionary principles, particularly from life history theory (LHT), to the study of crime. As this body of research continues to grow, it is important that work in this area synthesizes evolutionary principles with the decades of sociological research on the correlates of crime. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The current paper reviews the brief history of research applying life history concepts to criminology, providing an overview of the underlying framework, exploring examples of empirically testable and tested hypotheses that have been derived from the theory, discussing cautions and criticisms of life history research, and discussing how this area of research can be further integrated with existing theory. Findings A growing body of research has, with relative consistency, associated indicators of a faster life history strategy with aggression and violence in humans and across the animal kingdom. Research into these associations is still vulnerable to genetic confounding and more research with genetically sensitive designs is needed. The use of hypotheses informed by evolutionary insight and tested with genetically sensitive designs provides the best option for understanding how environmental factors can have an impact on violent and criminal behavior. Originality/value The current paper provides an updated review of the growing application of LHT to the study of human behavior and acknowledges criticisms and areas of concern that need to be considered when forming hypotheses for research.

scholarly journals Validity evidence of the Social and Emotional Nationwide Assessment (SENNA 1.0) Inventory

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (68) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Pancorbo ◽  
Jacob Arie Laros
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
The Social

Abstract: Given the necessity of adequate instruments to measure socio-emotional skills, this study aimed to obtain validity evidence of the Social and Emotional Nationwide Assessment inventory (SENNA 1.0). The instrument was administered to a sample of 634 students (59% females) with a mean age of 16.3 years (SD = 1.21), from eight secondary schools of the Federal District ] of Brazil. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a six factor structure that explained 42.7% of the common variance, while confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equational modeling analysis showed a moderate fit to the data. Reliability coefficients of the factor scores varied between .66 and .89. The coefficients of the convergent validity with the Reduced Scale of the Big Five Personality Factors (ER5FP) had a mean value of .59. In conclusion, the results indicate satisfactory evidence for the score validity of the SENNA 1.0 inventory.

The Expected Personality Characteristics of Alcohol-Dependent Individuals

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Malouff ◽  
Nicola S. Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors ◽  
Making Friends ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

The Big Five personality factors were used as a framework for examining the expected personality characteristics of individuals who are alcohol-dependent. In an experimental study, participants used a measure of the Big Five personality factors to rate two individuals, each described with either signs of alcohol dependence or not. The ratings of the participants showed that they expected the alcohol-dependent versions of both individuals to be less agreeable and less conscientious. The participants expected the alcohol-dependent college student to be more extraverted and the alcohol-dependent lawyer-father to be more neurotic. The expected personality characteristics of the alcohol-dependent versions of the two described persons were very similar to the actual personality characteristics of alcohol-dependent individuals. The results were consistent with prior findings regarding narrow-band personality traits related to the Big Five. The results help explain prior findings about the social handicap of problem drinking with regard to making friends, dating, marriage, and working. The findings have potential use in alcohol-problem prevention and treatment.

The Social Environment as a Determinant for the Impact of the Big Five Personality Factors and the Group’s Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostadin Koroutchev ◽  
Silvia T. Acuña ◽  
Marta N. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The composition of a team usually is done by having in mind the personality factors, supposing that these factors are important for the working climate and performance of the group. Starting from this hypothesis, the authors investigate the influence of the personality factors on the team achievements in a practicum of computer science students. The correlations by itself were very weak. But by partitioning the data, it results that the social environment in which the tasks are performed is a decisive factor for the importance and the influence of the team personality factors on the group’s performance. If the social environment exposes the team to situations in which the corresponding personal factors are important, then a significant correlation between these factors and the achievement is observed.

Interrelationships of factors of social development are more complex than Life History Theory predicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Kotchoubey
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Behavioral Features

Abstract Life History Theory (LHT) predicts a monotonous relationship between affluence and the rate of innovations and strong correlations within a cluster of behavioral features. Although both predictions can be true in specific cases, they are incorrect in general. Therefore, the author's explanations may be right, but they do not prove LHT and cannot be generalized to other apparently similar processes.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

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