scholarly journals Is It Adverse, Nonadverse, Adaptive, or Artifact?

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun R. Pandiri ◽  
Roy L. Kerlin ◽  
Peter C. Mann ◽  
Nancy E. Everds ◽  
Alok K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Quality Study

One of the principal challenges facing a toxicologic pathologist is to determine and differentiate a true adverse effect from a nonadverse or an adaptive response. Recent publications from the Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) and the European STP provide guidance for determining and communicating adversity in nonclinical toxicology studies. In order to provide a forum to inform and engage in a discussion on this important topic, a continuing education (CE) course was held during the 2016 STP Annual meeting in San Diego, CA. The lectures at this course provided guidance on determining and communicating adversity using case studies involving both clinical pathology and anatomic pathology. In addition, one talk also focused on data quality, study design, and interpretation of artifacts that could hinder the determination of adversity. The CE course ended with a talk on understanding adversity in preclinical studies and engaging the regulatory agencies in the decision-making process. This manuscript is designed to provide brief summaries of all the talks in this well-received CE course.

scholarly journals A New Grey Approach for Using SWARA and PIPRECIA Methods in a Group Decision-Making Environment

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Dragiša Stanujkić ◽  
Darjan Karabašević ◽  
Gabrijela Popović ◽  
Predrag S. Stanimirović ◽  
Muzafer Saračević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Criteria Weights

The environment in which the decision-making process takes place is often characterized by uncertainty and vagueness and, because of that, sometimes it is very hard to express the criteria weights with crisp numbers. Therefore, the application of the Grey System Theory, i.e., grey numbers, in this case, is very convenient when it comes to determination of the criteria weights with partially known information. Besides, the criteria weights have a significant role in the multiple criteria decision-making process. Many ordinary multiple criteria decision-making methods are adapted for using grey numbers, and this is the case in this article as well. A new grey extension of the certain multiple criteria decision-making methods for the determination of the criteria weights is proposed. Therefore, the article aims to propose a new extension of the Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and PIvot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment (PIPRECIA) methods adapted for group decision-making. In the proposed approach, attitudes of decision-makers are transformed into grey group attitudes, which allows taking advantage of the benefit that grey numbers provide over crisp numbers. The main advantage of the proposed approach in relation to the use of crisp numbers is the ability to conduct different analyses, i.e., considering different scenarios, such as pessimistic, optimistic, and so on. By varying the value of the whitening coefficient, different weights of the criteria can be obtained, and it should be emphasized that this approach gives the same weights as in the case of crisp numbers when the whitening coefficient has a value of 0.5. In addition, in this approach, the grey number was formed based on the median value of collected responses because it better maintains the deviation from the normal distribution of the collected responses. The application of the proposed approach was considered through two numerical illustrations, based on which appropriate conclusions were drawn.

DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS FOR DIAGNOSTIC DIABETES BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC METODS

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Евгений Николаевич Коровин ◽  
Екатерина Ивановна Новикова ◽  
Олег Валерьевич Родионов
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Definition Of

В статье рассматриваются разработки методов интеллектуальной поддержки процесса диагностики сахарного диабета, а также определение его типа. В последние годы количество людей, страдающих данным заболеванием, неуклонно растет, а без своевременной диагностики эта патология может нанести огромный вред организму человека. Сахарный диабет 1 типа опасен тем, что в основном возникает у людей молодого возраста. Оперативное обнаружение диабета, а также определение его типа, поможет не только избежать возможных осложнений, но и в некоторых случаях предотвратить смерть пациента. Информационные технологии все чаще используются в различных сферах деятельности для разработки новых или совершенствования существующих методов обработки данных, особенно это можно заметить в сфере медицины. В настоящее время врач самостоятельно ставит диагноз, основываясь на результатах различных анализов, однако, для ускорения процесса принятия решения, можно воспользоваться методами математического моделирования, а именно: моделями диагностики диабета на основе нечеткой логики. Для наибольшего удобства данный способ распознавания заболевания впоследствии можно реализовать в информационно-программное обеспечение, которое сможет еще больше увеличить эффективность и скорость распознавания патологии The article discusses the issues of the incidence of diabetes in the population, in particular, the definition of its type. In recent years, the number of people suffering from this disease has been steadily growing, and without timely diagnosis, this pathology can cause enormous harm to the human body. Prompt detection of diabetes, as well as determination of its type, will help not only avoid possible complications, but also in some cases prevent the death of the patient. Information technology is increasingly being used in various fields of activity to develop new or improve existing methods of data processing, especially in the field of medicine. Currently, the doctor independently makes a diagnosis based on the results of various analyzes, however, to speed up the decision-making process, you can use the methods of mathematical modeling, namely, models of diabetes diagnostics based on fuzzy logic. For the greatest convenience, this method of disease recognition can subsequently be implemented in information software, which can further increase the efficiency and speed of pathology recognition

Use of Selected Geospatial Tools for the Purposes of Reconnaissance

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
Maciej Zaorski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Site Assessment ◽  
Geospatial Tools ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Traffic Corridors ◽  
Modern Technologies

The implementation of modern tools in the military system constitutes an important step in supporting the decision-making process. The impact of new GIS technologies is important for the assessment of the battlefield . According to assumptions, reconnaissance is a continuous process that crowns the assessment of the opponent and of the battlefield. Site assessment is an element of the command process where the conclusions of the task analysis includes an assessment of the potential opponent together with his modus operandi and an assessment of the environment . As part of the Information Preparation of the Battlefield (hereinafter referred to as IPB), the identification of threats and limitations has an impact on the identification of potential approach routes, traffic corridors and maneuvers in assigned areas and lanes . The end result is the determination of the maneuverability of forces and resources owned or those of the opponent. The information is to relate to the impact of the terrain components on the scope and nature of conducted activities, and the hydrometeorological conditions are to relate to the impact on the terrain, equipment, and people . As far as it regards the analysis of the environment and the opponent, it is possible to apply modern technologies to shorten the time for the analyses performed within the ongoing decision-making process.

scholarly journals DESAIN DSS (DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM) MENGGUNAKAN METODE PROFILE MATCHING UNTUK PENENTUAN PENERIMA BEASISWA DI POLITEKNIK NEGERI SAMARINDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Muchamad Zainul Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Profile Matching ◽  
To Receive

The scholarship selection process of Politeknik Negeri Samarinda are constraints on the decision-making process. This is because there is no objective method to determine quickly and precisely. To assist in the determination of the set someone worthy scholarship in this study will be design DSS (Decision Support System) with model of Multi-Criteria Decision Making. The method used is the method Profile Matching. Profile Matching methods have been able to select the best alternative from a number of alternatives, in this case meant that alternatives are eligible to receive scholarships based on the criteria specified. Research carried out by finding the weights for each sub-aspect, then carried ranking process that will determine the optimal alternative, the best students will be considered by decisionmakersto get a scholarship. Proses seleksi beasiswa di Politeknik Negeri Samarinda banyak terdapat kendala pada proses pengambilan keputusan. Hal ini dikarenakan belum ada metode objektif yang dapat memutuskan dengan cepat dan tepat. Untuk membantu penentuan dalam menetapkan seseorang yang layak menerima beasiswa maka dalam penelitian ini akan didesainkan DSS (Decision Support System) dengan model Multi Criteria Decision Making. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Profile Matching. Metode Profile Matching dipilih karena mampu menyeleksi alternatif terbaik dari sejumlah alternatif, dalam hal ini alternatif yang dimaksudkan yaitu yang berhak menerima beasiswa berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria yang ditentukan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mencari nilai bobot untuk setiap sub aspek, kemudian dilakukan proses perankingan yang akan menentukan alternatif yang optimal, yaitu mahasiswa terbaik yang akan dipertimbangkan oleh pengambil keputusan untuk mendapatkan beasiswa.

scholarly journals Origins of Risk Assessment in Food Safety Decision Making

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph V. Rodricks
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Almost All

FDA's efforts during the early 1970s to establish acceptable food exposure levels for carcinogenic animal drugs such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) led the agency to incorporate quantitative risk assessment into its decision-making process. During the nearly two decades since FDA first introduced risk assessment as a regulatory tool, its uses have been expanded to almost all areas of chemical regulation. The major driving forces behind this expansion have been (1) the need to deal systematically with the large number of commercially important chemicals that have been identified as animal carcinogens and that have been found to occur widely in the environment and (2) the large number of laws that now require regulatory agencies to establish limits on human exposure to these substances.

scholarly journals Penerapan Metode SAW dan Fuzzy Dalam Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerimaan Beasiswa

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Helilintar ◽  
Wing Wahyu Winarno ◽  
Hanif Al Fatta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Fuzzy Database ◽  
The University ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Selection Of

Database Model Fuzzy Tahani dan SAW merupakan saatu metode yang dapat digunakan pada proses pengambilan keputusan. Sesuai dengan peraturan pihak Intansi yang memberikan beasiswa unuk memperoleh beasiswa, maka diperlukan kriteria-kriteria untuk menentukan siapa yang akan terpilih untuk menerima beasiswa. Pembagian beasiswa dilakukan untuk membantu penentuan dalam merekomendasikan seseorang yang layak menerima beasiswa maka dibutuhkan sistem pendukung keputusan. Penelitian ini membahas tentang seleksi penerimaan beasiswa dengan metode Fuzzy Database Tahani dan SAW. Penelitian ini dapat membantu KaProdi Teknik Informatika maupun Prodi-Prodi lain di UNP kediri untuk menentukkan penerima beasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memadukan metode Fuzzy dan SAW dengan ketentuan dan kriteria yang sudah ditentukan oleh pihak Universitas. Sistem yang akan dibuat harus mampu menentukan perangkingan untuk rekomendasi penerima beasiswa. Penelitian menggunakan metode fuzzy yaitu untuk menentukan nilai input ke SAW sebagai dasar nilai input. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini yaitu berupa rangking dan selanjutnya akan dibuat rekomendasi untuk penerima beasiswa.Database fuzzy Tahani and SAW is the other, a method that can be used in the decision making process. In accordance with the regulation which provides scholarships instance transform and obtaining scholarships, the necessary criteria to determine who will be selected to receive a scholarship. The scholarship division. To assist in the determination of a person recommend the eligible then takes a decision support system. This study discusses the selection of scholarship acceptance by Fuzzy Database Tahani and SAW. This research can help leadership courses Informatics and other study program-UNP Kediri to determine recipients. This research aims to integrate Fuzzy and SAW with the rules and criteria set by the university. The system being designed to be able to determine rankings to recommendation recipients. Research using fuzzy method is to determine the value of the input to the SAW as the basis of input values. The results obtained in this study in the form of ranking and then make a recommendation to the receiving scholarships

scholarly journals Determination Of Lecturer Reception Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Hafizah Hanim ◽  
Jefril Rahmadoni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Structure Calculation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Extra Time ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Process Method

During this time, the selection of non permanent lecturers, parts staffing difficulties in selecting lecturers. The obstacle faced is the large number of applicants who register to become prospective lecturers. So that the staffing or the campus must give extra time to choose prospective lecturers so that lecturers can be obtained that fit the desired criteria. The AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method is a method in the decision-making process, this method performs a hierarchical structure calculation where the top level in the hierarchy is the goal to be achieved then the hierarchy below in the form of criteria in achieving goals and the lowest level is the alternatives in achieving goals.

scholarly journals Implementasi Metode Clustering DBSCAN pada Proses Pengambilan Keputusan

2015 ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Anindya Santika Devi ◽  
I Ketut Gede Darma Putra ◽  
I Made Sukarsa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Clustering ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Potential Customer ◽  
A Company ◽  
Support Decision Making

Spatial Data Clustering is one of the significant techniques in data mining which used to obtain information or knowledge in a large number of spatial data from various applications. One technique that being a pioneer in the development of spatial data clustering algorithm is DBSCAN. This study is focused on implementation of DBSCAN method in decision making process in order to help a company to decide its potential customer. The trial results in this study show that DBSCAN method has been successfully conduct clustering process to support decision making process in determination of potential customer by forming several number of clusters.

scholarly journals Considerações Iniciais sobre a Lei Geral das Agências Reguladoras

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Santos de Aragão
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Regulatory Impact Analysis ◽  
General Law ◽  
Regulatory Impact

<p><strong>Initial Considerations on the General Law of Regulatory Agencies</strong></p><p><strong>RESUMO: </strong>O presente trabalho busca apresentar opiniões preambulares acerca de temas interessantes, polêmicos ou que demandarão uma hermenêutica mais complexa da Lei nº 13.848/2019. A chamada (nova) Lei Geral das Agências dispõe sobre a gestão, a organização, o processo decisório e o controle social das agências reguladoras, tendo como escopo central a criação de um regime jurídico uniforme para todas essas autarquias especiais, procurando resolver alguns problemas que foram sendo verificados ao longo das suas primeiras décadas de experiência prática.</p><p><strong>PALAVRAS-CHAVES: </strong>Regulação; Agências; Prerrogativas; Sujeições; Análise de Impacto Regulatório.</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT:</strong> The present work seeks to present preambular opinions about interesting, controversial or topics that will demand a more complex hermeneutics of Law No. 13,848 / 2019. The so-called (new) General Law of Agencies provides for the management, organization, decision-making process and social control of regulatory agencies, with the central aim of creating a uniform legal regime for all these special autarchies, seeking to solve some problems that were verified throughout their first decades of practical experience.</p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> Regulation; Agencies; Prerogatives; Subjections; Regulatory Impact Analysis.</p><p><strong>Data da submissão: 05/05/2020</strong><br /><strong>Data da aceitação: 05/06/2020</strong></p>

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