A Meta-Analysis of Aerobic Exercise Interventions for Women With Breast Cancer

Men diagnosed and treated for prostate cancer experience severe adverse effects on quality of life (QoL) and metabolic health, some of which may be preventable or reversible with exercise, the benefits of which healthcare providers and patients increasingly acknowledge, though existing evidence on its effects varies in significance and magnitude. We aimed to review the effect of exercise on QoL and metabolic health in a broad prostate cancer population. A systematic search was conducted in nine databases and eligible trials were included in the meta-analytic procedure. All outcomes were stratified into aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and a combination of both. The review identified 33 randomised controlled trials (2567 participants) eligible for inclusion. Exercise had a borderline small positive effect on cancer-specific QoL (standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.01–0.22), and a moderate to large effect on cardiovascular fitness (SMD = 0.46, 95% CI 0.34–0.59) with aerobic exercise being the superior modality (SMD = 0.60, 95% CI 0.29–0.90). A positive significant effect was seen in lower body strength, whole-body fat mass, general mental health, and blood pressure. No significant effect was seen in fatigue, lean body mass, and general physical health. We thereby conclude that exercise is effective in improving metabolic health in men diagnosed with prostate cancer, with aerobic exercise as the superior modality. The effect of exercise on QoL was small and not mediated by choice of exercise modality.

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Effect of Exercise on Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2020/3257623 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Kui Chen ◽

Yan Tan ◽

You Lu ◽

Jiayan Wu ◽

Xueyuan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Exercise Interventions

Background. Exercise has an integral impact on the physical and mental wellbeing of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), yet no comprehensive and quantitative analysis has been conducted on the effect of exercise on quality of life (QoL) in these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on overall QoL and different domains of QoL in people with PD, as well as investigating the influence of factors such as the exercise type and intervention period. Methods. Databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were searched since inception to August 14, 2018 to identify randomized controlled trials that compare the effect of exercise versus no intervention on QoL in PD patients. Following the subgroup analysis, heterogeneity was further explored. The quality of eligible studies was assessed according to PRISMA guidelines. Results. 20 studies were included with 1,143 participants in total. A meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in QoL after exercise intervention in PD patients (SMD = −0.24, 95% CI = −0.36 to −0.12, P<0.001). A subgroup analysis of exercise types revealed significant QoL improvement with aerobic exercise, martial arts, and dance, but not anaerobic exercise and combined exercise. Interventions lasting 12 weeks or longer improved QoL significantly. Conclusions. Exercise interventions, especially aerobic exercise, dance, and Tai Chi, significantly improve QoL in PD patients. At least 12 weeks of exercise is needed to bring about significant benefits.

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Randomized Trial of Exercise Therapy in Women Treated for Breast Cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2006.09.5083 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (13) ◽

pp. 1713-1721 ◽

Cited By ~ 177

Author(s):

Amanda J. Daley ◽

Helen Crank ◽

John M. Saxton ◽

Nanette Mutrie ◽

Robert Coleman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Therapy ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Usual Care ◽

Exercise Therapy ◽

Functional Assessment ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Well Being ◽

Exercise Interventions

Purpose To examine the effects of aerobic exercise therapy on quality of life (QoL) and associated outcomes in women treated for breast cancer. Evidence suggests that exercise may be beneficial, but no trial has included an exercise-placebo and a usual-care group to control for the attention effects that might be associated with aerobic exercise interventions in cancer patients. Patients and Methods A total of 108 women who had been treated for breast cancer 12 to 36 months previously were randomly assigned to supervised aerobic exercise therapy (n = 34), exercise-placebo (body conditioning; n = 36), or usual care (n = 38). Exercise therapy and exercise-placebo sessions took place three times per week for 8 weeks. Outcomes included QoL, depression, exercise behavior, aerobic fitness; outcomes were assessed at baseline and at the 8- and 24-week follow-up. Results Analyses of covariance revealed a significant mean difference of 9.8 units in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (primary outcome) favoring aerobic exercise therapy at 8 weeks, relative to usual care. Significant differences that favored aerobic exercise therapy relative to usual care were recorded for Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast, social/family well-being, functional well-being, and breast cancer subscale scores at 8-week follow-up. Psychological health outcomes improved modestly for both intervention groups; these improvements were sustained for several end points. Conclusion Exercise therapy had large, clinically meaningful, short-term beneficial effects on QoL in women treated for breast cancer; this finding cannot be attributable to attention, given that the exercise-placebo group did not report similar effects relative to usual care.

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Aerobic Exercise-Induced Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers12082240 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2240

Author(s):

Guilherme Maginador ◽

Manoel E. Lixandrão ◽

Henrique I. Bortolozo ◽

Felipe C. Vechin ◽

Luís O. Sarian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Usual Care ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Aerobic Training ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Training Intensity ◽

Vigorous Intensity

While performing aerobic exercise during chemotherapy has been proven feasible and safe, the efficacy of aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy has not yet been systematically assessed. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine (a) the efficacy of aerobic training to improve CRF; (b) the role of aerobic training intensity (moderate or vigorous) on CRF response; (c) the effect of the aerobic training mode (continuous or interval) on changes in CRF in women with breast cancer (BC) receiving chemotherapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted as per PRISMA guidelines, and randomized controlled trials comparing usual care (UC) and aerobic training in women with BC undergoing chemotherapy were eligible. The results suggest that increases in CRF are favored by (a) aerobic training when compared to usual care; (b) vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise (64–90% of maximal oxygen uptake, VO2max) when compared to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (46–63% of VO2max); and (c) both continuous and interval aerobic training are effective at increasing the VO2max. Aerobic training improves CRF in women with BC undergoing chemotherapy. Notably, training intensity significantly impacts the VO2max response. Where appropriate, vigorous intensity aerobic training should be considered for women with BC receiving chemotherapy.

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Concurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise versus aerobic exercise alone to improve health outcomes in paediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2016-096605 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 161-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Antonio García-Hermoso ◽

Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽

Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo ◽

Mark D Peterson ◽

Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Body Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Paediatric Obesity ◽

Concurrent Exercise

ObjectiveTo determine if the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise is superior to aerobic exercise alone for the health of obese children and adolescents.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesComputerised search of 3 databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry).Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies that compared the effect of supervised concurrent exercise versus aerobic exercise interventions, with anthropometric and metabolic outcomes in paediatric obesity (6–18 years old). The mean differences (MD) of the parameters from preintervention to postintervention between groups were pooled using a random-effects model.Results12 trials with 555 youths were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with aerobic exercise alone, concurrent exercise resulted in greater reductions in body mass (MD=−2.28 kg), fat mass (MD=−3.49%; and MD=−4.34 kg) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD=−10.20 mg/dL); as well as greater increases in lean body mass (MD=2.20 kg) and adiponectin level (MD=2.59 μg/mL). Differences were larger for longer term programmes (>24 weeks).SummaryConcurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise improves body composition, metabolic profiles, and inflammatory state in the obese paediatric population.Trial registration numberCRD42016039807.

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Group versus individual exercise interventions for women with breast cancer: a meta-analysis

Health Psychology Review ◽

10.1080/17437190903384291 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 22-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Anna Floyd ◽

Anne Moyer

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Group Versus ◽

Exercise Interventions

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Six-Minute Walk Distance in Breast Cancer Survivors—A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2591

Author(s):

Jasna But-Hadzic ◽

Mirza Dervisevic ◽

Damir Karpljuk ◽

Mateja Videmsek ◽

Edvin Dervisevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Breast Cancer Survivors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Normative Values ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Minute Walk

The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a widely used test for the indirect measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness in various cancer populations. Although the 6MWT is a simple test, there are no normative values for breast cancer survivors (BCS) or comparisons of results with healthy counterparts. A systematic review with a meta-analysis was carried out, which included studies from 2007 to 2020. Ninety-one studies were found, 21 of which were included in the quantitative synthesis. Among them were 9 randomized controlled trials (RCT), 8 prospective cohort studies and 4 cross-sectional studies. A total of 1084 BCS were included. Our results revealed that healthy subjects (n = 878) covered a significantly greater distance than BCS during the 6MWT (589.9 m vs. 477.4 m, p < 0.001), and the results of the meta-regression analysis showed that the 6MWD was predicted by the participants’ BMI (p < 0.001), but not by their age (p = 0.070). After adjustment for BMI, the healthy subjects also covered greater distances than the BCS (103 m; p < 0.001). The normative values of 6MWT were presented for BCS. Besides, 6MWT distances distinguish between their healthy counterparts, therefore, the 6MWT distance is a relevant parameter for the assessment and monitoring of cardiorespiratory fitness in medical and exercise interventions for BCS.

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