scholarly journals Concurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise versus aerobic exercise alone to improve health outcomes in paediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo ◽  
Mark D Peterson ◽  
Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Paediatric Obesity ◽  
Concurrent Exercise

ObjectiveTo determine if the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise is superior to aerobic exercise alone for the health of obese children and adolescents.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesComputerised search of 3 databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry).Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies that compared the effect of supervised concurrent exercise versus aerobic exercise interventions, with anthropometric and metabolic outcomes in paediatric obesity (6–18 years old). The mean differences (MD) of the parameters from preintervention to postintervention between groups were pooled using a random-effects model.Results12 trials with 555 youths were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with aerobic exercise alone, concurrent exercise resulted in greater reductions in body mass (MD=−2.28 kg), fat mass (MD=−3.49%; and MD=−4.34 kg) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD=−10.20 mg/dL); as well as greater increases in lean body mass (MD=2.20 kg) and adiponectin level (MD=2.59 μg/mL). Differences were larger for longer term programmes (>24 weeks).SummaryConcurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise improves body composition, metabolic profiles, and inflammatory state in the obese paediatric population.Trial registration numberCRD42016039807.

Reply to the comments on: concurrent aerobic plus resistance exercise versus aerobic exercise alone to improve health outcomes in paediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (16) ◽  
pp. 1045.2-1046
Author(s):  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Robinson Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo ◽  
Mark D Peterson ◽  
Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Paediatric Obesity ◽  
Improve Health

Efficacy of heavy eccentric calf training for treating mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (17) ◽  
pp. 1070-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myles Calder Murphy ◽  
Mervyn J Travers ◽  
Paola Chivers ◽  
James Robert Debenham ◽  
Sean Iain Docking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
And Function

ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of heavy eccentric calf training (HECT) in comparison with natural history, traditional physiotherapy, sham interventions or other exercise interventions for improvements in pain and function in mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted as per the PRISMA guidelines.Data sourcesPUBMED, CINAHL (Ovid) and CINAHL (EBSCO) were searched from inception until 24 September 2018.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials comparing HECT to natural history, sham exercise, traditional physiotherapy and other exercise interventions were included. Primary outcome assessing pain and function was the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles.ResultsSeven studies met the inclusion criteria. This review suggests HECT may be superior to both natural history, mean difference (MD) (95% CI) of 20.6 (11.7 to 29.5, one study) and traditional physiotherapy, MD (95% CI) of 17.70 (3.75 to 31.66, two studies). Following removal of one study, at high risk of bias, due to pre-planned sensitivity analysis, this review suggests HECT may be inferior to other exercise interventions, MD (95% CI) of −5.65 (-10.51 to −0.79, three studies). However, this difference is unlikely to be clinically significant.ConclusionCurrent evidence suggests that HECT may be superior to natural history and traditional physiotherapy while HECT may be inferior to other exercise interventions. However, due to methodological limitations, small sample size and a lack of data we are unable to be confident in the results of the estimate of the effect, as the true effect is likely to be substantially different.Systematic review registryPROSPERO registration number: CRD4201804493Protocol referenceThis protocol has been published open access: Murphy M, Travers MJ, Gibson, W. Is heavy eccentric calf training superior to natural history, sham rehabilitation, traditional physiotherapy and other exercise interventions for pain and function in mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy? Systematic Reviews 2018; 7: 58

scholarly journals HIIT is not superior to MICT in altering blood lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Wood ◽  
Anna Murrell ◽  
Tom van der Touw ◽  
Neil Smart
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on adult lipid profiles; to identify training or participant characteristics that may determine exercise-induced change in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TRG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesEnglish language searches of several databases were conducted from inception until September 2019.Eligibility criteria for excluding studiesInclusion: (1) published randomised controlled human trials with group population n≥5; (2) intervention duration ≥4 weeks; (3) comparing HIIT with MICT; and (4) reporting pre–post intervention lipid measurements. Exclusion: subjects with chronic disease, <18 years, pregnant/lactating, in elite athletic training; and studies with a dietary or pharmaceutical intervention component.ResultsTwenty-nine data sets (mmol/L) of 823 participants were pooled and analysed. Neither HIIT nor MICT was better in decreasing TC (0.10 (−0.06 to 0.19), p=0.12, I2=0%), TRG (−0.05 (−0.11 to 0.01), p=0.10, I2=0%), LDL-C (0.05 (−0.06 to 0.17), p=0.37, I2=0%), or TC/HDL-C (−0.03 (−0.36 to 0.29), p=0.85, I2=0%). HIIT significantly raised HDL-C (0.07 (0.04 to 0.11), p<0.0001, I2=0%) compared with MICT.ConclusionNeither HIIT nor MICT is superior for altering TC, TRG, or LDL-C, or TC-HDL-C ratio. Compared with MICT, HIIT appeared to significantly improve HDL-C. Clinicians may prescribe either protocol to encourage participation in exercise and reduce cardiovascular risk. To raise HDL-C, HIIT may result in a larger effect size compared with MICT.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019136722.

scholarly journals Supplementation with the Leucine Metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) does not Improve Resistance Exercise-Induced Changes in Body Composition or Strength in Young Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine S. Jakubowski ◽  
Everson A. Nunes ◽  
Filipe J. Teixeira ◽  
Victoria Vescio ◽  
Robert W. Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Leucine Metabolite

β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a leucine metabolite that is purported to increase fat-free mass (FFM) gain and performance in response to resistance exercise training (RET). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of HMB supplementation in augmenting FFM and strength gains during RET in young adults. Outcomes investigated were: total body mass (TBM), FFM, fat mass (FM), total single repetition maximum (1RM), bench press (BP) 1RM, and lower body (LwB) 1RM. Databases consulted were: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Excerpta Medica database (Embase), The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and SportDiscus. Fourteen studies fit the inclusion criteria; however, 11 were analyzed after data extraction and funnel plot analysis exclusion. A total of 302 participants (18–45 y) were included in body mass and composition analysis, and 248 were included in the strength analysis. A significant effect was found on TBM. However, there were no significant effects for FFM, FM, or strength outcomes. We conclude that HMB produces a small effect on TBM gain, but this effect does not translate into significantly greater increases in FFM, strength or decreases in FM during periods of RET. Our findings do not support the use of HMB aiming at improvement of body composition or strength with RET.

Determining the effect size of aerobic exercise training on the standard lipid profile in sedentary adults with three or more metabolic syndrome factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2021-103999
Author(s):  
Gina Wood ◽  
Emily Taylor ◽  
Vanessa Ng ◽  
Anna Murrell ◽  
Aditya Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesTo estimate the change in the standard lipid profile (SLP) of adults diagnosed with ≥3 metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors following aerobic exercise training (AET); and to investigate whether study/intervention covariates are associated with this change.DesignSystematic review with univariate meta-analysis and meta-regression.Data sourcesEnglish language searches of online databases from inception until July 2020.Eligibility criteria(1) Published randomised controlled human trials with study population ≥10 per group; (2) sedentary adults with ≥3 MetS factors but otherwise free of chronic disease, not pregnant/lactating; (3) AET-only intervention with duration ≥12 weeks; and (4) reporting pre–post intervention SLP outcomes.ResultsVarious univariate meta-analyses pooled 48 data sets of 2990 participants. Aerobic exercise training significantly (P<.001) improved all lipids (mmol/L mean difference ranges, 95% CIs): total cholesterol, –0.19 (–0.26 to –0.12) to –0.29 (−0.36 to –0.21); triglycerides, −0.17 (–0.19 to –0.14) to –0.18 (−0.24 to –0.13); high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), 0.05 (0.03 to 0.07) to 0.10 (0.05 to 0.15); and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), –0.12 (–0.16 to –0.9) to –0.20 (−0.25 to –0.14). Meta-regression showed that intensity may explain change in triglycerides and volume may explain change in HDL-C and LDL-C.ConclusionAerobic exercise training positively changes the SLP of sedentary and otherwise healthy adults with ≥3 MetS factors. Adjusting AET intervention training variables may increase the effects of AET on triglycerides and HDL-C.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020151925.

Effects of Aerobic Plus Resistance Exercise on Body Composition Related Variables in Pediatric Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Mairena Sánchez-López ◽  
Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Obese Youth

The purpose of this meta-analysis of randomized trials was to determine the effectiveness of aerobic plus resistance exercise interventions on body composition related to variables in overweight and obese youth. A computerized search was made of 7 databases. The analysis was restricted to randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on body composition (body weight, body mass index, fat mass, fat-free mass, and waist circumference) in obese youth. Two independent reviewers screened studies and extracted data. Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Nine studies were selected for meta-analysis as they fulfilled the inclusion criteria (n = 365). Aerobic plus resistance exercise interventions (8–24 weeks duration) produced a decrease in body weight (WMD=-3.31 kg), body mass index (WMD=-1.05 kg/m2), and fat mass (WMD=-1.93% and 5.05 kg), but changes in fatfree mass and waist circumference were not observed. These changes were accentuated through programs of at least 60 min of exercise per session, generating greater reductions in body weight (WMD=-4.11 kg), fat mass (WMD=-4.07%), and increase in fat-free mass (WMD = 2.45 kg). This meta-analysis provides insight into the effectiveness of short-term aerobic plus resistance exercise interventions for decreasing body weight, body mass index, and fat mass in pediatric obesity.

scholarly journals Dietary Interventions in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veera Houttu ◽  
Susanne Csader ◽  
Max Nieuwdorp ◽  
Adriaan G. Holleboom ◽  
Ursula Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Background: With no approved pharmacotherapy to date, the present therapeutic cornerstone for non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) is a lifestyle intervention. Guidelines endorse weight loss through dietary modifications, physical exercise, or both. However, no consensus exists on the optimal dietary treatment.Objectives: The aim of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize and assess the evidence for applied types of dietary interventions on the liver and metabolic outcomes in patients with NAFLD, aside from any effects of exercise intervention.Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement guidelines. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases in February 2020. Included were only dietary interventions without exercise. This study was registered at PROSPERO: CRD42020203573.Results: Eight randomized controlled trials, seven with endpoint reduction of hepatic steatosis, one with an assessment of endpoint fibrosis, were included in this systematic review, five of which were included in the meta-analysis. Mediterranean dietary interventions without energy restriction (n = 3) showed significant reduction of intrahepatic lipid content (IHL) (SDM: −0.57, 95% CI: −1.04, −0.10), but there was no significant change in alanine transaminase (ALT) (SDM: 0.59, 95% CI: −0.5, −1.68). Hypocaloric dietary interventions with foods high in unsaturated fatty acids (n = 2) led to a significant decrease in ALT (SDM: −1.09, 95% CI: −1.49, −0.69) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (SDM: −0.75, 95% CI: −1.27, 0.23); yet effects on steatosis could not be aggregated due to different assessment techniques. Mediterranean diet did not lead to significant changes in concentrations of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γGT), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), fasting glucose or insulin, or homeostatic assessment for insulin resistance.Conclusions: In patients with NAFLD, Mediterranean and hypocaloric dietary interventions favoring unsaturated fatty acids result in improvements in IHL and transaminases. Since many dietary intervention studies are combined with exercise interventions and there is a paucity of ample-sized studies examining dietary interventions on the more advanced and clinically relevant stages of NAFLD, that is active and fibrotic NASH, with multiparametric imaging and liver histology as outcome measures, the optimal dietary invention in NAFLD remains to be defined.

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