Generalized Tuberculosis in a South American Frog Leptodactylus pentadactylus

1966 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. F. Rowlatt ◽  
F. J. C. Roe
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
South American ◽  
Granulomatous Lesion ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
American Frog ◽  
The Right

A frog is described which had chronic visceral tuberculosis for some time before an acute, granulomatous lesion, in which acid-fast bacilli were identified, appeared in the right eye. In the absence of culture of the causative organism, the diagnosis was inferred from the presence of characteristic morphological changes. The disease process is essentially similar to that in man but the systemic effects are much less marked.

A Hazard and Risk Management System for Large Rock Slope Hazards Affecting Pipelines in Mountainous Terrain

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Porter ◽  
Alex Baumgard ◽  
K. Wayne Savigny
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Management Program ◽  
South American ◽  
Mountainous Terrain ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Access Road ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hazard Rating

Pipelines and other linear facilities that traverse mountainous terrain may be subject to rock fall and rock slide hazards. A system is required to determine which sites pose the greatest hazard to the facility. Once sites are ranked according to hazard exposure, a risk management program involving inspection, monitoring, contingency planning and/or mitigation can be implemented in a systematic and defensible manner. A hazard rating methodology was developed to identify and characterize rock slope hazards above a South American Concentrate Pipeline, and to provide a relative ranking of hazard exposure for the pipeline, an access road and operational personnel. The rating methodology incorporates the geometry of the right-of-way, estimated pipe depth, staff and vehicle occupancy time, failure mechanism and magnitude, and the annual probability of hazard occurrence. This information is used in a risk-based framework to assign relative hazard ratings within rock slope sections of relatively uniform hazard exposure. This paper outlines a general framework for natural hazard and risk management along linear facilities, describes the rock slope hazard rating methodology, and illustrates how the system was applied along a South American Concentrate Pipeline.

scholarly journals Right Ventricular Global and Regional Remodeling in American-Style Football Athletes: A Longitudinal 3D Echocardiographic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3357
Author(s):  
Amir Hodzic ◽  
Gabriel Bernardino ◽  
Damien Legallois ◽  
Patrick Gendron ◽  
Hélène Langet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Volumetric Assessment ◽  
American Style ◽  
Few Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
Field Position

Few data exist concerning the right ventricular (RV) physiological adaptation in American-style football (ASF) athletes. We aimed to analyze the RV global and regional responses among ASF-trained athletes. Fifty-nine (20 linemen and 39 non-linemen) ASF athletes were studied before and after inter-seasonal training. During this period, which lasted 7 months, all athletes were exposed to combined dynamic and static exercises. Cardiac longitudinal changes were examined using three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. A computational method based on geodesic distances was applied to volumetrically parcellate the RV into apical, outlet, and inlet regions. RV global and regional end-diastolic volumes increased significantly and similarly in linemen and non-linemen after training, with predominant changes in the apex and outlet regions. RV global and regional ejection fractions were preserved. Morphological changes were uniformly distributed among the four cardiac chambers, and it was independent of the field position. Assessment of RV end-diastolic global, inlet and apical volumes showed low intra-observer (3.3%, 4.1%, and 5.3%, respectively) and inter-observer (7%, 12.2%, and 9%, respectively) variability, whereas the outlet regional volumetric assessment was less reproducible. To conclude, ASF inter-seasonal training was associated with a proportionate biventricular enlargement, regardless of the field position. Regional RV analysis allowed us to quantify the amount of exercise-induced remodeling that was larger in the apical and outlet regions.

scholarly journals Spatial proximity between polyploids across South American frog genera

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 991-1000
Author(s):  
Kyle T. David ◽  
Kenneth M. Halanych
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
South American ◽  
American Frog

scholarly journals Lankesterella alencari n. sp., a toxoplasma-like organism in the central nervous system of Amphibia (Protozoa, Sporozoa)

1971 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvio Celso Gonçalves da Costa ◽  
Neize de Moura Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
South American ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Experimental Inoculation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
American Frog

Lankesterella alencari n. sp. a Sporozoa that occur in the blood and CNS of the South American frog Leptodactylus acellatus is described. Since the tissue forms of this parasite have been previously reported as belonging to the genus Toxoplasma, we attempted in fection of 2 species of amphibia (Bufo marinus an dLeptodactylus ocellatus) with a Toxoplasma strain of human origen; inoculation was by intraperitoneal injection of parasite-containing ascitic fluid from infected mice. Attempt of experimental inoculation of the parasite found in the CNS of L. ocellatus in a highly susceptible host (mice) was unsuccessful. These results suggest that Toxoplasma does not occur naturally in the amphibia; be related to Toxoplasma is excluded. The following genera of haematozoa found in brazilian amphibia have been considered briedfly: Haemobartonella, Cytamoeba, Dactylosoma, Hepatozoon and Trypanosoma.

scholarly journals Degradation of soil and hydrological conditions in the Pestan River Basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-119
Author(s):  
Мilica Zivanovic ◽  
Ivan Novkovic
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Land Loss ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Hydrological Conditions ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Right ◽  
Basin Area

In the Pestan River Basin, the right tributary of the Kolubara River, a complex degradation of natural conditions has been expressed over the decades. The exploitation of lignite in the Kolubara Coal Basin, which is in large part located in the territory of this basin, as well as accompanying activities related to it, are the dominant activities that lead to the degradation of soil and hydrological conditions. If other land use types are added to this, it can be concluded that the land cover in the studied territory suffered significant negative changes. The above mentioned activities have led to land loss and deterioration of its quality, and the regulation works due to dislocation of the Kolubara watercourse into the Pestan riverbed have caused numerous degradation of landscapes, reduced the basin area and shortened its watercourse, led to morphological changes of the river network and deterioration of the surface water quality. The aim of this paper is to perform a geospatial analysis of all areas in which the degradation of soil and hydrological conditions is present, in order to prevent their further degradation and proper management of these areas.

scholarly journals The expectant brain: Being pregnant causes changes in brain morphology in the early postpartum period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Chechko ◽  
Juergen Dukart ◽  
Svetlana Tchaikovski ◽  
Christian Enzensberger ◽  
Irene Neuner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Cortical Thinning ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Maternal Brain ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
The Right

There is growing evidence that pregnancy may have a significant impact on the maternal brain, causing changes in its structure. However, the patterns of these changes have not yet been systematically investigated. Using voxel-based (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM), we compared a group of healthy primiparous women (n = 40) with healthy multiparous mothers (n = 37) as well as nulliparous women (n = 40). Compared to the nulliparous women, the young mothers showed decreases in gray matter volume in the bilateral hippocampus/amygdala, the orbitofrontal cortex/subgenual prefrontal area, the right superior temporal gyrus, the right insula, and the cerebellum. However, these pregnancy-related changes in brain structure did not predict the quality of mother-infant attachment at either 3 or 12 weeks postpartum, nor were they more pronounced among the multiparous women. SBM analyses showed significant cortical thinning especially in the frontal and parietal cortices, with the parietal cortical thinning likely potentiated by multiple pregnancies. We conclude, therefore, that the widespread morphological changes seen in the brain shortly after childbirth reflect substantial neuroplasticity. Also, the experience of pregnancy alone may not be the underlying cause of the adaptations for mothering and caregiving. As regards the exact biological function of the changes in brain morphology as well as the long-term effect of pregnancy on the maternal brain, further longitudinal research with larger cohorts will be needed to draw any definitive conclusions.

From Christian to Jew

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Laura Arnold Leibman
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
South American ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
American Colony ◽  
The Right

The next crucial step in the siblings’ journey to gain the right to live and pray as they pleased came in 1811 when they moved to Suriname, a South American colony on the Caribbean Sea. In Suriname, Sarah and Isaac found their home among the largest multiracial Jewish community in the Americas and formally converted to Judaism. This community provided a spiritual home for Sarah and Isaac, but it also marked them as second-class citizens. Since their father, Abraham, had not married their mother, Surinamese law considered Sarah and Isaac people of color. This racial designation followed them into the synagogue, where they would sit separately from whites and couldn’t partake in synagogue honors. This chapter places the siblings’ experiences alongside that of other multiracial Jews who lived in Paramaribo at that time, highlighting their battles against oppression.

scholarly journals Hip pain and its correlation with cam morphology in young skiers—a minimum of 5 years follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefin Abrahamson ◽  
Pall Jónasson ◽  
Mikael Sansone ◽  
Anna Swärd Aminoff ◽  
Carl Todd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Α Angle ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Elite Skiers

Abstract Background There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between cam morphological changes and hip pain, and it remains unclear who with cam morphology will develop hip pain and who will not. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between cam morphology, hip pain, and activity level at a 5-year follow-up in young Alpine and Mogul skiers. Method All students (n = 76) at Åre Ski National Sports High School were invited and accepted participation in this prospective study at baseline. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both hips was conducted to evaluate the presence of cam morphology (α-angle ≥ 55°) and its size alongside the reporting of hip pain, type, and frequency of training by the Back and hip questionnaire, at baseline. After 5 years, the skiers were invited to complete a shortened version of the same questionnaire. Results A total of 60 skiers (80%) completed the follow-up questionnaire, of which 53 had concomitant MRI data. Cam morphology was present in 25 skiers (47.2%, 39 hips). Hip pain at baseline and at follow-up was reported in 17 (28.3%) and 22 (36.7%) skiers, respectively. No correlations were found between the activity level, the frequency, and the size of cam morphology and hip pain, except for the right hip α-angle at 1 o’clock and hip pain in skiers with cam morphology at baseline (rs = 0.49; P = 0.03) and at follow-up (rs = 0.47; P = 0.04). A total of 73.3% skiers had retired, of which 48% reported this was due to injuries. Conclusion Hip pain was not shown to be correlated, or had a low correlation, with activity level and the presence and size of cam morphology in young skiers on a 5-year follow-up. Based on these results, cam morphology or activity level did not affect hip pain to develop during 5 years of follow-up in young skiers. Furthermore, this study highlights that almost 75% of young elite skiers had retired from their elite career with almost 50% reporting that this was due to injuries sustained from skiing.

Hoplonannus australis sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Schizopteridae): amended diagnosis of the genus and first record from South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4568 (2) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
DIEGO DUTRA SILVEIRA ◽  
ALINE BARCELLOS ◽  
ALEXANDER KNYSHOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
First Record ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Diagnosis

Hoplonannus McAtee & Maloch, 1925 comprises three species described from Central America. Females of all these species are known only from brachypterous specimens. This paper describes the first South American species of the genus, Hoplonannus australis sp. nov. The new species differs from its congeners, in females, by the submacroptery, presence of ocelli and a basal bulge in the seventh sternite; in males, it differs by the presence of a process in the eighth tergite and the right paramere bifurcate apically, with branches subparallel. These traits entail a new diagnosis for the genus. 

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