A Deeper Understanding of Child to Parent Violence (CPV): Personal Traits, Family Context, and Parenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110655
Author(s):  
Keren Cuervo
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
Standardized Measure

The increase in the rate of child to parent violence is a concern for society in various countries. Different psychological and personal characteristics tend to define the profile of the minors who commit this type of offense. Various social factors have been also related to this type of violence, including exposure to violence, the family environment and parenting. The relationship between child to parent violence and previous exposure to violence has yet to be clarified. Comparatively little research on this crime involving samples from juvenile court has been undertaken. This study uses a standardized measure (YLS/CMI) to determine the extent to which three of the most extensively studied groups of factors in child to parent violence—the family context, parenting and the adolescents’ psychological characteristics are relevant in the predicting this type of violence. The sample consisted of a total of 342 juveniles from a Juvenile Court in Eastern Spain, dealt with under the terms of Organic Law 5/2000 regulating the Criminal Responsibility of Minors. A child to parent violence group is compared with a control group committing the entire range of offenses. Personal variables, antisocial personality and exposure to violence play a clear role in the commission of this type of crime. Parenting has a determinant influence even when compared with family characteristics. What affects the commission of this type of violence in the most serious cases is therefore not having been exposed to it, but instead the individual’s upbringing and their current relationship with their parents.

Family environment of eating disordered patients with and without self-injurious behaviors

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 494-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Claes ◽  
Walter Vandereycken ◽  
Hans Vertommen
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Hair Pulling ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family

AbstractObjective.– The family environment is known to be an important contributor to the course of psychiatric disorders. In this study, we examined the family context of eating disordered (ED) patients with and without self-injurious behaviors (SIB).Method.– A Dutch adaptation of the Family Environment Scale ‘Sci Eng 57(9-B):1997;5927’ was completed by 131 ED patients of whom 47% showed at least one form of SIB (e.g., cutting, burning, hair pulling, etc.).Results– Results showed a significant difference in family environment between patients with and without SIB. The family environment of self-injuring ED patients was less cohesive, expressive and socially oriented, and more conflictual and disorganized than the family environment of those without SIB. No significant differences in perceived family environment were found with respect to the number or form of SIB and the subtype of ED. Neither did we find a significant interaction effect between ED subtype and presence/absence of SIB.

Gezinsprofielen, Voor- en Vroegschoolse Stimulerings-Activiteiten en Schoolsucces

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Roel van Steensel
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Educational Achievements ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Based ◽  
At Home

In order to prepare children from disadvantaged backgrounds for primary education, early intervention programs are used. Generally, a distinction is made between two types of intervention activities: those which are conducted at home (family-based activities) and those which are conducted in, for example, preschools (center-based activities). This research project tries to establish whether there is a relation between participation in early intervention activities and the educational achievements of 119 pupils from the cities of Tilburg and Waalwijk. A comparison is made between four groups of children: a group that took part in the family-based program Opstap Opnieuw, a group that went to preschool, a group that did both, and a control group. The performances of these four groups are followed during the first years of primary education. In addition, an estimate is made of the influence of family characteristics on the effectiveness of both types of intervention activities.

scholarly journals Effects of the Preschool-Based Family-Involving DAGIS Intervention on Family Environment: A Cluster Randomised Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3387
Author(s):  
Carola Ray ◽  
Rejane Figueiredo ◽  
Riikka Pajulahti ◽  
Henna Vepsäläinen ◽  
Elviira Lehto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
The Family

Interventions promoting young children’s healthy energy balance-related behaviours (EBRBs) should also examine changes in the family environment as this is an important determinant that may affect the effectiveness of the intervention. This study examines family environmental effects of the Increased Health and Wellbeing in Preschools (DAGIS) intervention study, and whether these effects differed when considering three parental educational level (PEL) groups. The DAGIS intervention was conducted in preschools and involving parents in Southern Finland from September 2017 to May 2018. It was designed as a randomised trial, clustered at preschool-level. Parents of 3–6-year-olds answered questionnaires recording PEL, parental role modelling for EBRBs, and the family environment measured as EBRBs availability and accessibility. Linear Mixed Models with Repeated Measures were used in order to detect intervention effects. Models included group by time interactions. When examining intervention effects separated by PEL groups, models with three-level interactions (group × time-points × PEL) were evaluated. There was an interaction effect for the availability of sugary everyday foods and drinks (p = 0.002). The analyses showed that the control group increased availability (p = 0.003), whereas in the intervention group no changes were detected (p = 0.150). In the analysis separated by PEL groups, changes were found only for the accessibility of sugary treats at home; the high PEL control group increased the accessibility of sugary treats (p = 0.022) (interaction effect: p = 0.027). Hence, results suggest that the DAGIS multicomponent intervention had a limited impact on determinants for children’s healthy EBRBs, and no impact was found in the low PEL group.

scholarly journals Differences in Personality and Family Environment of Heroin Addicts And Non-consumers of Psychoactive Substances

2021 ◽  
pp. 273-308
Author(s):  
Tamara Efendić Spahić ◽  
Elvis Vardo ◽  
Mitra Mirković-Hajdukov
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Heroin Addicts ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Clinical Control ◽  
The Family

The research dealt with the identification of significant differences in the basic dimensions of personality according to the five-factor model between two groups of respondents: heroin addicts and the control group of respondents, non-consumers of psychoactive substances. Also, we wanted to determine whether the respondents - heroin addicts in relation to the non-clinical group differ significantly in personality traits given the completeness of the family environment in which they grew up, and the propensity of parents to alcoholism and violent behavior. The study included a sample of 297 subjects, of which 155were heroin users and 142 were non-clinical control group subjects, students of different study profiles of the University of Tuzla. The clinical and non-clinical samples were uniform in terms of characteristics important for the research. In order to test the research hypotheses, in addition to the insight into the descriptive parameters, a one-way analysis of variance was used. The results show that heroin users achieve significantly higher results in the dimensions of Agreeableness (F = 21.51; p = 0.00),Conscientiousness (F = 13.89; p = 0.00) and Neuroticism (F = 13.23; p = 0.00), while the clinical and non-clinical groups do not differ significantly in the dimensions of Openness and Extraversion. In the group of heroin consumers, respondents coming from incomplete families achieve significantly lower results on the Conscientiousness dimension (F = 4.20; p = 0.04), the tendency to consume parental alcohol proved to be a significant factor for the Neuroticism dimension (F = 4.39; p = 0, 04) and openness (F = 15.41; p = 0.00), while parental propensity to violent behavior proved to be a significant factor for the Neuroticism dimension (F = 4.49; p = 0.04) and Openness (F = 15.41; p = 0.00). ). When it comes to the non-clinical control group, family completeness and characteristics of the family environment (parents ‘tendency to consume alcohol and parents’ tendency to violent behavior) did not prove to be significant factors for differences in personality traits.

Family Characteristics and Preschool Abilities of Children of Substance Abusers

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 912-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Powers ◽  
Ricardo Duran ◽  
Anne Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Developmental Screening ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Children Of Substance Abusers

Intercorrelations among subtest scores of 39 children on the subtests of the Denver Developmental Screening Test II and their 39 parents' scores on the three subscales of the Family Relationship Dimension of the Family Environment Scale ranged from − .09 to .18. None were statistically significant. Parents and children were in a program for substance abusers and their young children.

Family Characteristics of Indian Parasuicide Patients: A Controlled Study

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Wood ◽  
Douglas R. Wassenaar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Family Assessment ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Family Assessment Device ◽  
Educational Standard ◽  
The Family

In this article a controlled study of the family structure of a South African Indian parasuicide population is described. Twenty subjects from a local general hospital were scored on the Suicidal Intent Scale (SIS) and the Family Assessment Device (FAD). Twenty matched medical patients without a history of parasuicide were selected from the same hospital as a control group. They were matched for age, sex, educational standard, ethnic group and socio-economic status. All subjects were scored on the Family Assessment Device (FAD). Subjects from both groups were re-tested between six to eight weeks after the initial assessment. Analyses of variance indicated significant differences between the two groups on indicators of family interactional pathology. This seems to be compounded by family stresses emanating from socio-cultural transition. The results of the study support the view that family therapy should be implemented in the treatment of parasuicide. The unique population under study provides cross-cultural data relevant to parasuicide research and invites possibilities for further investigation.

scholarly journals Are Adolescent Religious Attendance/Spirituality Associated with Family Characteristics?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Malinakova ◽  
Radek Trnka ◽  
Ludmila Bartuskova ◽  
Petr Glogar ◽  
Natalia Kascakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Communication ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
The Family ◽  
Religious Services

The family environment is associated with religiosity and spirituality as well as many aspects of adolescent lives, including their health behaviour. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess family environment associations with adolescent religious attendance (RA), i.e., weekly participation in religious services, and spirituality in a highly secular country. A nationally representative sample (n = 4182, 14.4 ± 1.1 years, 48.6% boys) of Czech adolescents participated in the 2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children cross-sectional study. RA, spirituality and the family environment, i.e., family communication, perceived emotional support, and parental monitoring, were measured. Higher adolescent RA was associated with lower self-reported easiness of communication with mother (odds ratio (OR) = 0.68; 99% confidence interval (99% CI) = 0.47–0.99; p < 0.01). In contrast, spiritual respondents were more likely to report both easier communication with their father (OR per standard deviation (SD) change = 1.12, 99% CI 1.02–1.23; p < 0.01) and mother (OR per SD change = 1.38 (1.23–1.55); p < 0.001) and higher perceived emotional support (OR per SD change = 1.73 (1.55–1.92); p < 0.001). Parents of respondents who attended religious services at least once a week, as well as parents of spiritual respondents, were generally more likely to monitor adolescent behaviour. Thus, this study provides information for parents, mental health workers, and pastoral carers. Further research should assess the association of a lower easiness of family communication with dissonances in adolescent–parent religiosity/spirituality and with higher parental monitoring.

CONTINUOUS INTENTION CRITERIA OF SNS APPROPRIATION PROCESS IN FAMILY CONTEXT: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzi Mahmud ◽  
Nor Zairah Ab. Rahim ◽  
Suraya Miskon ◽  
Nazean Jomhari
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Family ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level 2

Communication technologies such as Social Network Sites (SNSs) are increasingly being used within family settings to support and extend the family relationships. Although many previous researchers have highlighted the impact of SNSs in family environment, criteria of SNS adoption and use in family context have received little research attention. This paper highlights selected SNS appropriation process criteria in family, individual and technical perspectives in order to understand why and how the SNS is being used in family context. Using the procedure of Bandara et al. (2011), NVivo 9.0 was employed to conduct content analysis of 284 articles published between the year of 2006 until 2014. As a result, the adoption and use criteria of SNS appropriation process were identified, and has been categorized in family, individual and technical perspectives using the Family Appropriation Process of Social Network Site (FAPSNS) framework. The understanding of the criteria could assist in effective and healthy adoption and use of SNSs among family members. However, this paper is merely focusing on level 2 and level 3 of SNS appropriation process in family, individual and technical perspectives. 

Association between Adolescent Chronic Daily Headache and Childhood Adversity: A Community-Based Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
K-D Juang ◽  
S-J Wang ◽  
J-L Fuh ◽  
S-R Lu ◽  
Y-S Chen
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Chronic Daily Headache ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
Daily Headache ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of chronic daily headache (CDH) and childhood adversity is still controversial. We therefore conducted a survey for CDH (≥15 days/month, average ≥ 2 h/day) among all students in three public schools in Taiwan. The Global Family Environment Scale (GFES), which yields a score according to childhood adverse events in the family, was used to compare childhood adversity between cases of CDH and their age- and sex-matched controls. In total, 4645 students were surveyed and 58 with CDH were identified. Significantly lower GFES scores, indicative of worse childhood adversities, were evident in the CDH group (76.7 ± 19.2), compared with the control group (86.0 ± 8.9, P = 0.001). Physical abuse (10% vs. 0, P = 0.012) and parental divorce (17% vs. 3%, odds ratio = 5.8, P = 0.015) were more frequent in the CDH group. The results indicate that childhood adversitys may contribute to greater risk of the development of CDH in young adolescents.

scholarly journals Pendidikan kesehatan tentang perkembangan psikososial sebagai upaya pencegahan kekerasan fisik dan verbal pada anak usia sekolah di Kota Kendal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 097-104
Author(s):  
Livana PH ◽  
Rina Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
The Family ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Verbal Violence

Abstract: The psychosocial development of children is influenced by the family environment including the role of parents in parenting, so parents should educate children well in order for children to develop optimally achieve development tasks, but the current phenomenon there are parents educating children using physical and verbal violence. The impact of violence on children is a disorder of psychosocial development. Actions that can be taken are providing health education about psychosocial develop- ment of normal and deviant school-age children. This study aimed to identify the influence of health education on psychosocial development against physical and verbal violence of school-aged children in Kendal City. The design used pre and post test without control group. The sample was 1320 school- age children of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade in 20 public elementary schools in Kendal city which was chosen by purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Chisquare test. The results showed that there was an influence of health education on psychosocial development of school-age children with verbal and physical violence. It is suggested to parents to discipline children in the family environment, it requires understanding and knowledge of parents in educating children, without verbal and physical violence so that the child’s psychosocial development according to the task of development.Keywords: Health education on psychosocial development, physical and verbal violence, school age children.Abstrak: Perkembangan psikososial anak dipengaruhi lingkungan keluarga termasuk peran orang tua dalam mengasuh anak, sehingga orang tua harus mendidik anak secara baik agar anak berkembang optimal mencapai tugas perkembangan, tetapi fenomena saat ini ada orang tua mendidik anak menggunakan kekerasan fisik dan verbal. Dampak kekerasan pada anak yaitu gangguan perkembangan psikososial. Tindakan yang dapat dilakukan yaitu memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang perkembangan psikososial anak usia sekolah yang normal dan yang menyimpang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengidentifikasi pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang perkembangan psikososial terhadap kekerasan fisik dan verbal pada anak usia sekolah di Kota Kendal.Desain penelitiannya menggunakan pre and post test without control group. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 1320 anak usia sekolah yang menduduki kelas 4, 5, dan 6 di 20 SD Negeri di Kota Kendal yang dipilih dengan cara purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chisquare. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang perkembangan psikososial anak usia sekolah dengan kekerasan verbal dan fisik. Disarankan kepada orang tua untukmendisiplinkan anak di lingkungan keluarga, diperlukan pemahaman dan pengetahuanorang tua dalam mendidik anak, tanpa melakukan kekerasan verbal dan fisik agar perkembangan psikososial anak sesuai tugas perkembangan.Kata kunci: Pendidikan kesehatan tentang perkembangan psikososial, kekerasan fisik dan verbal, anak usia sekolah.

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