A population-based survey for disabling headaches in Greece: Prevalence, burden and treatment preferences

Objective To estimate the prevalence, burden and current treatment of disabling primary headaches in a large sample of the Greek population aged 18–70 years old. Methods This is an observational descriptive study, with cross-sectional design performed by quantitative computer-assisted telephone interviews, using a validated 37-item questionnaire for headaches. The prevalence, burden, and current treatment of primary headaches (ICHD-3) were recorded along with participants’ treatment preferences. Results Out of 10,008 interviewed participants, 1197 (12.0%) reported headaches affecting performance. The annual prevalence of migraine was 8.1% (95% confidence interval, 7.6–8.7, corresponding to 0.6 million Greeks), of chronic migraine 1.0% (95% confidence interval, 0.8–1.2, corresponding to 0.1 million), and of tension-type headache 3.8% (95% confidence interval, 3.4–4.2, corresponding to 0.3 million). The participants with headaches reported 0.5 headache-induced lost workdays per month (corresponding to 5.8 million lost workdays annually) and reductions in performance on 2.8 workdays per month (corresponding to 30.9 million workdays annually). In all, 43.4% of headache participants felt bad/ashamed because of headaches and 21.9% sought professional treatment, most often from a private neurologist. 83.8% of headache participants had never taken pharmacological prophylaxis, and only 5.5% were currently under preventative treatment. For both prophylactic and acute treatment, headache participants prefer oral medication to injection or stimulation devices. Conclusion More than 10% of the Greek adult population up to 70 years old experience disabling headaches, causing a dramatic work loss. More than 80% of these have never taken pharmacological prophylaxis. Thus, enriching the quality of life of people with headaches relies crucially on expanding awareness about headaches and their treatment.

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The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Spain

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76511-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lucía Silva-Fernández ◽

Cristina Macía-Villa ◽

Daniel Seoane-Mato ◽

Raúl Cortés-Verdú ◽

Antonio Romero-Pérez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Adult Population ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Adult Population

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) prevalence is believed to be around 1% worldwide, although it varies considerably among different populations. The aim of EPISER2016 study was to estimate the prevalence of RA in the general adult population in Spain. We designed a population-based cross-sectional study. A national survey was conducted between November 2016 and October 2017 involving a probabilistic sample from the general population aged 20 years or older. Subjects were randomly selected for phone screening using a computer-assisted telephone interviewer system. Positive RA screening results were evaluated by a rheumatologist. Cases fulfilled the 1987 ACR and/or the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria; previous diagnosis established by a rheumatologist and clearly identified in medical records were also accepted regardless of the criteria used. Prevalence estimates with 95% CI were calculated taking into account the design of the sample (weighting based on age, sex, and geographic origin using as a reference the distribution of the population in Spain). 4916 subjects participated in the study and 39 RA cases were confirmed. RA estimated prevalence was 0.82% (95% CI 0.59–1.15). Mean age of RA cases was 60.48 (14.85) years, they were more frequently women (61.5%), from urban areas (74.4%), non-smokers (43.6%), and with a high body mass index (53.8% with overweight). Extrapolating to the population in Spain (approximately 37 million are ≥ 20 years old), it was estimated that there were between 220,000 and 430,000 people aged 20 years or older with RA. No undiagnosed cases were detected, which could be related to the establishment of early arthritis clinics around the country, increasing the rates of diagnosis during early phases of RA.

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Headache and insomnia in population-based epidemiological studies

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102414540058 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (10) ◽

pp. 745-751 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

BL Uhlig ◽

M Engstrøm ◽

SS Ødegård ◽

KK Hagen ◽

T Sand

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Numerical Estimate ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Primary Headaches ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type Headache ◽

Insomnia Symptoms

Background Several epidemiological studies on the association between primary headaches and insomnia have been published in recent years. Both disorders are frequent, and our purpose was to review results from population-based studies exploring this association. Methods We performed a literature search in PubMed for “insomnia” (or sleep disturbance) and “headache” (or migraine) linked with “epidemiology.” Two hundred and eight records were identified. Three longitudinal and 10 cross-sectional studies met our inclusion criteria: population-based design with at least 200 participants including a numerical estimate of the association between headache and insomnia. Results and conclusions In nearly all studies, primary headaches, including migraine and tension-type headache, were significantly related to insomnia symptoms with OR estimates ranging from 1.4 to 1.7. The odds were even greater, from 2.0 to 2.6, for frequent, comorbid or severe headache. Recent large longitudinal studies from Norway found a bidirectional, possibly causal, association between headache and insomnia. However, not all studies used standardized diagnostic criteria for either headache or insomnia. Further research should use well defined and validated diagnostic criteria both for insomnia and headache types in order to improve the comparability between studies, investigate causality and clarify the relevance of the findings for clinical practice.

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Prevalence of chronic pain in a metropolitan area of a developing country: a population-based study

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20160156 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 74 (12) ◽

pp. 990-998 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Karine A. S. Leão Ferreira ◽

Telma Regina P. D. Bastos ◽

Daniel Ciampi de Andrade ◽

Aline Medeiros Silva ◽

José Carlos Appolinario ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Adult Population ◽

Female Gender ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Stratified Sample

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of chronic pain (CP) in the adult population living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and to identify factors associated with CP in developing countries. Methods A cross-sectional study using a computer-assisted telephone interview in a two-stage stratified sample of adults living in households. Results 2,446 subjects were interviewed. The mean age was 39.8 years old. The majority was female and 42.7% had less than 10 years of education. The prevalence of CP was 28.1%. The independent factors associated with CP were female gender (OR = 2.0; p < 0.001), age older than 65 years (OR = 1.4; p = 0.019) and less than 15 years of education (OR = 1.3-1.6; p < 0.04). Conclusions The prevalence of CP was high and similar to that which has been reported in developed countries. These results raise awareness about CP and may potentially help clinicians and policy makers to design better health care programs for CP treatment in these populations.

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The prevalence of primary headache disorders in the adult population of Estonia

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102419829909 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 883-891 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kati Toom ◽

Aire Raidvee ◽

Katri-Helena Allas ◽

Elina Floria ◽

Kristiina Juhkami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Population Based ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Primary Headaches ◽

Headache Disorders ◽

Primary Headache Disorders ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Type Headache ◽

One Year

Objective To estimate the one-year prevalence of primary headaches, most importantly migraine and tension type headache, but also other primary headaches, in Estonia. Methods A population-based random sample of 2162 subjects in Tartu City and Tartu County were interviewed by telephone or face to face using a previously validated questionnaire. Results Of the 2162 contacted participants, 1215 (56%) fully completed the study. Of these, 502 (41.3%) reported headache during the previous year. The prevalences adjusted by weighting by age, gender, education, marital status and habitat were the following: All headaches 41.0%, all migraine 17.7%, all tension-type headache 18.0%, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias 0.4%, other primary headaches 2.5%, and chronic headaches 2.7%. Conclusion The 1-year prevalences of primary headache disorders in Estonia are comparable to the previous findings in other European countries.

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The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study shows increased prevalence of primary recurrent headaches among adolescents over a four-year period

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.03.002 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 148-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Brit A. Jacobsena ◽

Grete Dyb ◽

Knut Hagen ◽

Lars J. Stovner ◽

Turid L. Holmen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Population Based ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Health Study ◽

Primary Headaches ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Recurrent Headache ◽

Primary Headache Disorders ◽

Type Headache ◽

Tension Type Headaches

AbstractObjectiveEarlier epidemiological studies have shown that headaches are frequent among adolescents, especially girls. In particular, recurrent primary headache disorders such as migraine and tension-type headaches are common complaints in this age group. Headaches are increasingly being recognized as a significant health problem in adolescents and can lead to significant disabilities by affecting their lives, their school performance and their social lives. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of primary headaches among adolescents aged 16-20 years in Norway in two periods. Very few replicate studies have re-evaluated the prevalence of primary headaches in this age range and it is uncertain whether the prevalence is increasing.MethodsTwo cross-sectional, population-based studies were conducted in Norway from 1995 to 1997 (Young-HUNT 1) and from 1999 to 2001 (Young-HUNT 2). In Young-HUNT 1, 2594 adolescents in 2nd and 3rd grade in upper secondary school (aged 16-20 years) completed a comprehensive questionnaire including one question regarding headache during the last 12 months. In addition, 1730 of the students were interviewed about their headache complaints. In Young-HUNT 2, 2373 adolescents aged 16-20 years completed the same questionnaire and 1655 were interviewed in the same way as the earlier survey. The interviews were performed by trained nurses, and respondents were asked if they had experienced recurrent headache during the last year. If so, the headache was classified as migraine (MI), tensiontype headache (TTH) or non-classifiable headache (NCH). Headache frequency during the past year was recorded according to the following categories: Less than 1 day per month (less than monthly), 1-3 days per month (monthly), 1-5 days per week (weekly), or more than 5 days per week (daily).ResultsThe participation rate was 88% in Young-HUNT 1 and 81% in Young-HUNT 2. The overall prevalence of having had headaches during the last 12 months did not change significantly (79.4% versus 77.5%; OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.79-1.02, p = 0.09), whereas the prevalence of recurrent headaches increased from 30.3% in Young-HUNT 1 to 35.4% in Young-HUNT 2 (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.09-1.46, p = 0.002). The prevalence of tension-type headache changed significantly from 19.0% to 21.9% (OR: 1.20, 95%CI: 1.02-1.42, p = 0.03). Also the prevalence of migraine tended to increase (7.5% versus 8.7%, OR: 1.18, 95%CI: 0.92-1.52, p = 0.18). The overall frequency of recurrent headache changed towards more monthly and less weekly headache.ConclusionsThis is the first large-scale population-based study among adolescents in Norway assessing changes in the prevalence of primary headaches over a four-year period of time. The overall prevalence of recurrent headaches increased significantly from Young-HUNT 1 to Young-HUNT 2. An increase was seen in all types of recurrent headaches and was significant for tension-type headache.ImplicationsEarlier follow-up studies have examined changes in prevalence of recurrent headaches in young age, but the results are diverging. Our findings support the impression that the prevalence of recurrent headache among adolescents is increasing, and underlines the need for prospective designed studies with emphasis on prognosis and etiological factors.

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Resilience and vulnerability in adolescents with primary headaches: A cross‐sectional population‐based study

Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain ◽

10.1111/head.14078 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Antônio Arruda ◽

Renato Arruda ◽

J. Landeira‐Fernandez ◽

Luis Anunciação ◽

Marcelo Eduardo Bigal

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Primary Headaches ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study

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Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Spain: higher than previously reported in other countries?

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/kez668 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (9) ◽

pp. 2556-2562 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Raúl Cortés Verdú ◽

José M Pego-Reigosa ◽

Daniel Seoane-Mato ◽

Mercedes Morcillo Valle ◽

Deseada Palma Sánchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Adult Population ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

The United States ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Visit ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Prevalence of SLE varies among studies, being influenced by study design, geographical area and ethnicity. Data about the prevalence of SLE in Spain are scarce. In the EPISER2016 study, promoted by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology, the prevalence estimate of SLE in the general adult population in Spain has been updated and its association with sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables has been explored. Methods Population-based multicentre cross-sectional study, with multistage stratified and cluster random sampling. Participants were contacted by telephone to carry out a questionnaire for the screening of SLE. Investigating rheumatologists evaluated positive results (review of medical records and/or telephone interview, with medical visit if needed) to confirm the diagnosis. To calculate the prevalence and its 95% CI, the sample design was taken into account and weighing was calculated considering age, sex and geographic origin. Multivariate logistic regression models were defined to analyse which sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables included in the telephone questionnaire were associated with the presence of SLE. Results 4916 subjects aged 20 years or over were included. 16.52% (812/4916) had a positive screening result for SLE. 12 cases of SLE were detected. The estimated prevalence was 0.21% (95% CI: 0.11, 0.40). SLE was more prevalent in the rural municipalities, with an odds ratio (OR) = 4.041 (95% CI: 1.216, 13.424). Conclusion The estimated prevalence of SLE in Spain is higher than that described in most international epidemiological studies, but lower than that observed in ethnic minorities in the United States or the United Kingdom.

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Association of Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Score With Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of Iranian Adults

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.735174 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽

Ahmad Jayedi ◽

Elaheh Asgari ◽

Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽

Nasim Janbozorgi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adult Population ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Adult Population ◽

Education Status ◽

Inflammation Score

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the association between the dietary and lifestyle inflammation score (DLIS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a sample of Iranian adults.Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.Setting: General adult population living in Tehran, Iran.Subjects: We included 827 adult men and women with an age range of 18–59 years who were referred to health centers in different districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire with 168 items. The DLIS was calculated based on four components, including dietary inflammation score, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and general obesity. Higher DLIS represents a more proinflammatory diet and lifestyle. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the MetS across quartiles of the DLIS was calculated by using logistic regression analysis, controlling for age, sex, energy intake, marital status, education status, and occupation.Results: A total of 827 participants (31% men) were included, with a mean age of 44.7 ± 10.7 years. The prevalence of the MetS was 30.5%. The DLIS ranged between −2.35 and +3.19 (mean ± SD: 0.54 ± 1.09). There was a significant positive association between the DLIS and odds of MetS (OR fourthvs.thefirstquartile: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.01–2.45) in the fully adjusted model.Conclusion: Our results showed a significant positive association between the DLIS and odds of MetS. The results of the present crosssectional study suggested that having a more proinflammatory lifestyle can be associated with MetS. More prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings.

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PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT POPULATION OF HAYATABAD PESHAWAR

Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat ◽

10.52206/jsmc.2015.5.1.644-647 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 644-647

Author(s):

SARA GUL ◽

ATIF HUSSAIN ◽

KASHIF UR REHMAN KHALIL ◽

IMRANULLAH ◽

MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Communicable Disease ◽

Adult Population ◽

Positive Association ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

History Of ◽

Study Population

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.

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SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a high-altitude setting in Peru: adult population-based cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.12149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e12149

Author(s):

Charles Huamaní ◽

Lucio Velásquez ◽

Sonia Montes ◽

Ana Mayanga-Herrera ◽

Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Adult Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Ecological Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

San Sebastian ◽

Population Based Survey

Background There are several ecological studies, but few studies of the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 at high altitude. We aimed to estimate the population-based seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2 in three settings of Cusco at the end of the first wave among adults. Methods A population-based survey was conducted in September 2020, in three settings in the region of Cusco: (1) Cusco city at 3,300 meters above the sea level (m.a.s.l.), (2) the periphery of Cusco (Santiago, San Jerónimo, San Sebastián, and Wanchaq) at 3,300 m.a.s.l., and (3) Quillabamba city, located at 1,050 m.a.s.l. People aged ≥ 18 years within a family unit were included. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was based on identifying anti- SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (IgM and IgG) in serum using the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 chemiluminescence test. Results We enrolled 1924 participants from 712 families. Of the total, 637 participants were anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositive. Seroprevalence was 38.8% (95% CI [33.4%–44.9%]) in Cusco city, 34.9% (95% CI [30.4%–40.1%]) in the periphery of Cusco, and 20.3% (95% CI [16.2%–25.6%]) in Quillabamba. In 141 families (19.8%; 95% CI [17.0%–22.8%]) the whole members were positive to the test. Living with more than three persons in the same house, a positive COVID-19 case at home, and a member who died in the last five months were factors associated with SARS-COV-2 seropositivity. Dysgeusia/dysosmia was the symptom most associated with seropositivity (aPR = 2.74, 95% CI [2.41–3.12]); whereas always wearing a face shield (aPR = 0. 73; 95% CI [0.60–0.89]) or a facial mask (aPR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.63–0. 92) reduced that probability. Conclusions A great proportion of Cusco’s city inhabitants presented anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the end of the first wave, with significant differences between settings. Wearing masks and face shields were associated with lower rate of seropositivity; however, efforts must be made to sustain them over time since there is still a high proportion of susceptible people.

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