Simulation of Potential Use Cases for Shared Mobility Services in the City of Ann Arbor

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110045
Author(s):  
Richard Twumasi-Boakye ◽  
Xiaolin Cai ◽  
James Fishelson ◽  
Andrea Broaddus
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Park And Ride ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Ann Arbor ◽  
The City

In this paper, we model and simulate special use cases of on-demand shared mobility services for the City of Ann Arbor, MI. We define shared mobility as any motor-vehicle-served transportation option between private vehicles and public transit, such as taxis, demand-responsive transit, and dynamic shuttles. Here, we present and evaluate a suite of four different service types that could potentially complement existing transportation services in Ann Arbor. A novel aspect of this study is that it tests scenarios that were developed in consultation with city planners looking for insights into real-world problems. This study used fleet simulation software to test four service configuration scenarios for a hypothetical on-demand shared mobility service: citywide shuttle, a corridor-based downtown shuttle, a park and ride shuttle, and a transit-complementary service. Three levels of demand were tested for each scenario: 3%, 9%, and 15% of all private vehicle trips in the city. Findings indicated that citywide on-demand shared mobility services struggled to achieve higher vehicle occupancies than private vehicles at approximately 1.4. Service configurations with aggregated trip density resulted in slightly improved occupancies, as found in downtown- and park and ride shuttle scenarios. More impactful was aggregating demand by moving from “many-to-many” routing as with citywide floating services to “many-to-one” routing as with downtown- or park and ride shuttle services, which increased vehicle occupancy from 1.4 to almost 2. Lastly, we also discuss the potential benefits of reduced congestion and parking needs.

scholarly journals Metro Stations as Crowd-shipping Catalysts: An Empirical and Computational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Filippi ◽  
Francesca Plebani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Conventional Vehicle ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Motorized Vehicles ◽  
The City

Abstract Crowd-shipping is a promising shared mobility service that involves the delivery of goods using non-professional shippers. This service is mainly intended to reduce congestion and pollution in city centers but, as some authors observe, in most crowd-shipping initiatives the crowd rely on private motorized vehicles and hence the environmental benefits could be small, if not negative. Conversely, a crowd-shipping service relying on public transport should maximize the environmental benefits. Motivated by this observation, in this study we assess the potentials of crowd-shipping based on metro commuters in the city of Brescia, Italy. Our contribution is twofold. First, we analyze the results of a survey conducted among metro users to assess their willingness to act as crowd-shippers. The main result is that most young commuters and retirees are willing to be crowd-shippers even for a null reward. Second, we assess the potential economic impact of using metro-based crowd-shipping coupled with a traditional home delivery service. To this end, we formulate a variant of the VRP model where the customers closest to the metro stations may be served either by a conventional vehicle or by a crowd-shipper. The model is implemented using Python with Gurobi solver. A computational study based on the Brescia case is performed to get insights on the economic advantages that a metro-based crowd delivery option may have for a retailing company.

Mobility on Demand

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-155
Author(s):  
Susan A. Shaheen ◽  
Adam Cohen ◽  
Emily Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Transportation Service ◽  
Shared Mobility

For as long as there have been cities, there have been suburbs. Shared mobility—the shared use of a vehicle, bicycle, or other travel mode—is an innovative transportation strategy that enables users to have short-term access to a transportation mode on an as-needed basis. Shared mobility can enhance access and reduce social exclusion in lower-density environments and provide transportation options to carless and public transit-dependent households, particularly in areas without high-quality, fixed-route public transportation service. This chapter discusses the design and evolution of suburbs and how this impacts the transportation network. Additionally, this chapter reviews suburban applications of shared mobility services and provides a case study of shared mobility service deployments in Northern Virginia. The chapter concludes with key takeaways and a discussion of the potential future of shared mobility services in lower-density built environments.

Impacts of autonomous on-demand mobility service: A simulation experiment in the City of Athens

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vasileios Mourtakos ◽  
Maria G. Oikonomou ◽  
Pantelis Kopelias ◽  
Eleni I. Vlahogianni ◽  
George Yannis
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
The City

scholarly journals DEMAND RESEARCH FOR “PARK AND RIDE” PARKING LOTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Lobashov ◽  
S. B. Dulfan ◽  
A. V. Prasolenko ◽  
K. V. Dolya ◽  
D. L. Burko
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Parking Lots ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Park And Ride ◽  
Transportation Distance ◽  
The City

The paper presents results of demand research for “park and ride” parking lots in the city of Kharkiv. The analysis of the previous research pertaining to demand for “park and ride” parking lots has been carried out in the paper. Disadvantages of the existing methods have been identified as well. A methodology in research on demand for “park and ride” demand for “park and ride” parking lots in the city of Kharkiv according to various characteristics. Distribution of traffic parking lots in the city of Kharkiv has been developed and it is based on modelling of transportation correspondence distribution on traffic networks and a questionnaire survey of car drivers. The obtained data have made it possible to segment the demand for drivers representing suburban areas according to frequency of visits to the city by private cars has been determined in the paper. Drivers’ satisfaction with their efficient movement through the city has been assessed in the paper. Segmentation of traffic demand in the places of possible locations for “park and ride” parking lots has been made according to urban transportation distance and on the basis of modelling distribution of transport correspondences. Quantity demanded for “park and ride” parking lots in the Kharkiv city in dependence to conditions for services has been calculated according to a questionnaire survey of car drivers. It has been established that conditions for parking services significantly determine the demand for “park and ride” parking lots. Analysis of segmentation results concerning the demand for “park and ride” parking lots has shown that under current condions demand for this type of parkings in Kharkiv is at rather low level and they are practically absent in case of 5 km urban transportation distance. Parameters demonstrating dependence of demand for “park and ride” parking lots on transportation distance through the city have beendetermined in the paper. The obtained results of the research are considered as initial data to study demand for “park and ride” parking lots.

scholarly journals Emerging Diffusion Barriers of Shared Mobility Services in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7707
Author(s):  
Sungwon Kim ◽  
Hwansoo Lee ◽  
Seung-Woo Son
Keyword(s):  
Online News ◽  
Diffusion Barriers ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
Transportation Service ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Technological Barriers

Korea’s shared mobility service, TADA, has been accused of violating the Passenger Transportation Services Act, despite being an innovative transportation service. A key reason for this is that TADA is yet to discover an approach to coexist with traditional transportation service companies. The TADA case shows that in addition to technical or business matters, a variety of issues can act as new barriers to the spread of innovation. Therefore, this study aims to understand the emerging barriers that need to be addressed in adopting breakthrough technologies, particularly for shared mobility services. The purpose of this study is to show that the introduction of innovative technology encounters not only technological barriers, as suggested in previous research, but also political, industrial, and legal barriers to diffusion that hinder innovation. Therefore, this study applied the text mining method to online news big data to confirm the existence of diffusion barriers for shared mobility services. The results demonstrate that not only technical efforts but also discussions with various stakeholders and efforts to minimize industrial and legal resistance are required to effectively spread innovative services.

scholarly journals The Influence of Public Transport Delays on Mobility on Demand Services

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Layla Martin ◽  
Michael Wittmann ◽  
Xinyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Transit ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Demand Prediction ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The City

Demand for different modes of transportation clearly interacts. If public transit is delayed or out of service, customers might use mobility on demand (MoD), including taxi and carsharing for their trip, or discard the trip altogether, including a first and last mile that might otherwise be covered by MoD. For operators of taxi and carsharing services, as well as dispatching agencies, understanding increasing demand, and changing demand patterns due to outages and delays is important, as a more precise demand prediction allows for them to more profitably operate. For public authorities, it is paramount to understand this interaction when regulating transportation services. We investigate the interaction between public transit delays and demand for carsharing and taxi, as measured by the fraction of demand variance that can be explained by delays and the changing OD-patterns. A descriptive analysis of the public transit data set yields that delays and MoD demand both highly depend on the weekday and time of day, as well as the location within the city, and that delays in the city and in consecutive time intervals are correlated. Thus, demand variations must by corrected for these external influences. We find that demand for taxi and carsharing increases if the delay of public transit increases and this effect is stronger for taxi. Delays can explain at least 4.1% (carsharing) and 18.8% (taxi) of the demand variance, which is a good result when considering that other influencing factors, such as time of day or weather exert stronger influences. Further, planned public transit outages significantly change OD-patterns of taxi and carsharing.

scholarly journals The Bike-Sharing System in Slovakia and the Impact of COVID-19 on This Shared Mobility Service in a Selected City

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6544
Author(s):  
Stanislav Kubaľák ◽  
Alica Kalašová ◽  
Ambróz Hájnik
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Current State ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The current COVID-19 pandemic situation has a very significant impact on urban mobility, as evidenced by fundamental changes in passengers’ behavior. In many cases, passengers have switched to other modes of transport to minimize the risk of infection (particularly cycling and walking). This paper aims to point out the analysis results of the impacts of a bike-sharing system in the city of Košice before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, this paper describes an analysis of the current state of bike-sharing in the Slovak Republic. We have stated a timeline of significant dates related to the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 had a significant impact on people’s mobility and bike-sharing, as evidenced by the graphs and results in this paper.

Spatial and Temporal Differences in Weekday Travel Durations Between Private-for-Hire Transportation Services and Transit in the City Center

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110197
Author(s):  
Baxter Shandobil ◽  
Ty Lazarchik ◽  
Kelly Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Network ◽  
Central City ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
City Center ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Transit Services ◽  
Level Information ◽  
The City

There is increasing evidence that ridehailing and other private-for-hire (PfH) services such as taxis and limousines are diverting trips from transit services. One question that arises is where and when PfH services are filling gaps in transit services and where they are competing with transit services that are publicly subsidized. Using weekday trip-level information for trips originating in or destined for the city center of Portland, OR from PfH transportation services (taxis, transportation network companies, limousines) and transit trip data collected from OpenTripPlanner, this study investigated the temporal and spatial differences in travel durations between actual PfH trips and comparable transit trips (the same origin–destination and time of day). This paper contributes to this question and to a growing body of research about the use of ridehailing and other on-demand services. Specifically, it provides a spatial and temporal analysis of the demand for PfH transportation using an actual census of trips for a given 2 week period. The comparison of trip durations of actual PfH trips to hypothetical transit trips for the same origin–destination pairs into or out of the central city gives insights for policy making around pricing and other regulatory frameworks that could be implemented in time and space.

scholarly journals Car Sharing as a Strategy to Address GHG Emissions in the Transport System: Evaluation of Effects of Car Sharing in Amsterdam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2418
Author(s):  
Ana María Arbeláez Vélez ◽  
Andrius Plepys
Keyword(s):  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Business To Consumer ◽  
The City ◽  
Carbon Transport

Shared mobility options, such as car sharing, are often claimed to be more sustainable, although evidence at an individual or city level may contradict these claims. This study aims to improve understanding of the effects of car sharing on transport-related emissions at an individual and city level. This is done by quantifying the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the travel habits of individuals before and after engaging with car sharing. The analysis uses a well-to-wheel (WTW) approach, including both business-to-consumer (B2C) and peer-to-peer (P2P) car-sharing fleets. Changes in GHG emissions after engaging in car sharing vary among individuals. Transport-related GHG emissions caused by car-free individuals tend to increase after they engage in car sharing, while emissions caused by previous car owners tend to fall. At the city level, GHG emissions savings can be achieved by using more efficient cars in sharing systems and by implementing greener mobility policies. Changes in travel habits might help to reduce GHG emissions, providing individuals migrate to low-carbon transport modes. The findings can be used to support the development and implementation of transport policies that deter car ownership and support shared mobility solutions that are integrated in city transport systems.

scholarly journals Architecture for integrating vertical customer’s programmability control of network functions and connectivity in a slice-as-a-service schema

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. Contreras ◽  
Samier Barguil ◽  
Ricard Vilalta ◽  
Victor López
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Network Slicing ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
End To End ◽  
Operational Networks ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Telecom Infrastructure ◽  
As If

AbstractNetwork slicing will permit offering to vertical customers tailored end-to-end logical networks in an on-demand fashion, on top of a common telecom infrastructure, achieving a Slices-as-a-Service (SlaaS) business model. This is possible due to the progressive introduction of network softwarization techniques, such as programmability and virtualization, into existing operational networks, enabling dynamic and flexible provision of slices. Those vertical customers could require the control not only of the network functions composing the end-to-end service, but also of the connectivity among them, e.g., for influencing the paths for steering traffic among function instances. However, this can be problematic since decisions from one vertical customer can collide with decisions from others. One aspect not yet sufficiently investigated is how to permit vertical customers to jointly control the service functions and the underlay connectivity, in such a way that could operate the allocated slice as if it was actually a dedicated network entirely for them. This paper explores some architectural proposition in this respect illustrated with some potential use cases and it provides an example of the provision of SlaaS for a vertical customer.

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