scholarly journals Long-Term Medical Conditions and Major Depression: Strength of Association for Specific Conditions in the General Population

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B Patten ◽  
Cynthia A Beck ◽  
Aliya Kassam ◽  
Jeanne VA Williams ◽  
Corrado Barbui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Strength Of Association

Background: The prevalence of major depression (MD) in persons with nonpsychiatric medical conditions is an indicator of clinical need in those groups, an indicator of the feasibility of screening and case-finding efforts, and a source of etiologic hypotheses. This analysis explores the prevalence of MD in the general population in relation to various long-term medical conditions. Methods: We used a dataset from a large-scale Canadian national health survey, the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). The sample consisted of 115 071 subjects aged 18 years and over, randomly sampled from the Canadian population. The survey interview recorded self-reported diagnoses of various long-term medical conditions and employed a brief predictive interview for MD, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form for Major Depression. Logistic regression was used to adjust estimates of association for age and sex. Results: The conditions most strongly associated with MD were chronic fatigue syndrome (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.2) and fibromyalgia (AOR 3.4). The conditions least strongly associated were hypertension (AOR 1.2), diabetes, heart disease, and thyroid disease (AOR 1.4 in each case). We found associations with various gastrointestinal, neurologic, and respiratory conditions. Conclusions: A diverse set of long-term medical conditions are associated with MD, although previous studies might have lacked power to detect some of these associations. The strength of association in prevalence data, however, varies across specific conditions.

scholarly journals Comorbidity of Major Depression and Migraine — A Canadian Population-Based Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (13) ◽  
pp. 832-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen V Molgat ◽  
Scott B Patten
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of major depressive episodes (MDEs) in patients with migraine and to compare the strength of association with that of other long-term medical conditions. Methods: This study used a large-scale probability sample (over 130 000 sample) from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a cross-sectional survey conducted by Statistics Canada. The CCHS screened for a broad set of medical conditions. Major depression was evaluated with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form for Major Depression, and the diagnosis of migraine was self-reported. The annual prevalence of major depression was calculated in the general population, in subjects with migraine, and in those with chronic conditions other than migraine. Results: The prevalence of major depression in subjects reporting migraine was higher than that in the general population or in subjects with other chronic medical conditions (17.6%, compared with 7.4% and 7.8%, respectively). Conclusions: There is a strong association between major depression and migraine. The migraine–MDE association may account for a large fraction of the chronic condition–MDE association. The association between migraines and MDE differs from that of other chronic conditions, as the association persists into older age groups.

scholarly journals The Moderating Effects of Coping Strategies on Major Depression in the General Population

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
JianLi Wang ◽  
Scott B Pat ten
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Moderating Effects

Objectives: To evaluate the moderating effects of various coping strategies on the as sociation between stressors and the prevalence of major depression in the general population. Methods: Subjects from the Alberta buy- incomponent of the 1994 –1995 National Population Health Survey (NPHS) were included in the analysis ( n = 1039). Each subject was asked 8 questions about coping strategies that dealt with unexpected stress from family problems and personal crises. Major depression was measured using the World Health Organization's (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form (CIDI- SF) for major depression. The im pacts of coping strategies in relation to psychological stres sors on the prevalence of major depression were de ter mined by examining interactions between coping and life stress on major depression using logistic regression modelling. Results: No robust impact of coping strategies in relation to various categories of stress evaluated in the NPHS was observed. There was evidence that the use of “pray and seek religious help” and “talks to others about the situations” as coping strategies by women moderated the risk of major depression in the presence of financial stress and relation ship stress (with a partner). Using emotional expression as a coping strategy by women might de crease the risk of major depression in the presence of 1 or more re cent life events, personal stress, relationship stress (with a partner), and environmental stress. Conclusion: Different coping strategies may have a differential impact on the prevalence of major depression in specific circumstances. These findings may be important both to prevent and to treat depressive disorders.

scholarly journals Major Depression and its Association with Long-Term Medical Conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M Gagnon ◽  
Scott B Pat ten
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Objective: To replicate previously re ported as sociations between major depressive episodes (MDEs) and long-term medical conditions in a Canadian community sample. Methods: A sample of 2542 house hold residents was selected using random digit dialing (RDD). Data were collected by tele phone in ter view. The Composite International Diagnostic In ter view (CIDI)-Short Form for major depression (CIDI-SFMD) was used to identify MDEs occurring in the previous 12 months. Long-term medical conditions were identified by self-report. Results: The prevalence of MDE was elevated in those subjects who re ported 1 or more long-term medical conditions. The association was not due to con founding by age, sex, social support, or stressful recent life events. Conclusion: This study replicates a previously re ported as sociation between depressive disorders and long-term medical conditions. These cross-sectional associations suggest that medical conditions may increase the risk of major depression or that major depression may in crease the risk of medical conditions. Alternatively, comorbid medical conditions may influence the duration of depressive episodes, or vice versa. These explanations are not mutually exclusive.

scholarly journals A Concise Psychometric Tool to Measure Personal Characteristics for Surviving Natural Disasters: Development of a 16-Item Power to Live Questionnaire

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Ishibashi ◽  
Rui Nouchi ◽  
Akio Honda ◽  
Tsuneyuki Abe ◽  
Motoaki Sugiura
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Short Version

The ability of individuals to manage and rebuild their lives after a disaster depends on environmental factors, as well as their own psychological characteristics. A psychometric questionnaire to measure personality traits relevant to disaster survival was proposed based on a large-scale investigation of survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (Sugiura et al. 2015). This tool, the Power to Live with Disasters questionnaire, measures eight personality characteristics that are beneficial for coping with disasters. However, this instrument has not been optimised for practical use; it is long and lacks benchmark scores for the general population. Thus, we developed a concise, 16-item version of the Power to Live with Disasters questionnaire through reanalysis of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake survivor data and an additional Web-based survey to obtain normative data from 1200 respondents drawn from the general population of Japan. The scores obtained from the short-form version of the questionnaire successfully replicated the results of the long-form version; eight distinct personality characteristics correlated well with several items associated with “successful survival” of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami. The normative data of the full- and short-version questionnaires were also highly correlated. We propose use of the shortened questionnaire to determine the personality traits critical for survival in the face of unexpected, life-threatening situations caused by natural disasters. Our questionnaire could be useful in schools and other public settings to enhance disaster-mitigation efforts and resilience to disasters in the general population.

scholarly journals Comorbid Depression among Untreated Illicit Opiate Users: Results from a Multisite Canadian Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 512-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Cameron Wild ◽  
Nady el-Guebaly ◽  
Benedickt Fischer ◽  
Suzanne Brissette ◽  
Serge Brochu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Targeted Interventions

Objectives: This study aimed to describe patterns of major depression (MDD) in a cohort of untreated illicit opiate users recruited from 5 Canadian urban centres, identify sociodemographic characteristics of opiate users that predict MDD, and determine whether opiate users suffering from depression exhibit different drug use patterns than do participants without depression. Method: Baseline data were collected from 679 untreated opiate users in Vancouver, Edmonton, Toronto, Montreal, and Quebec City. Using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form for Major Depression, we assessed sociodemographics, drug use, health status, health service use, and depression. We examined depression rates across study sites; logistic regression analyses predicted MDD from demographic information and city. Chi-square analyses were used to compare injection drug use and cocaine or crack use among participants with and without depression. Results: Almost one-half (49.3%) of the sample met the cut-off score for MDD. Being female, white, and living outside Vancouver independently predicted MDD. Opiate users suffering from depression were more likely than users without depression to share injection equipment and paraphernalia and were also more likely to use cocaine ( Ps < 0.05). Conclusions: Comorbid depression is common among untreated opiate users across Canada; targeted interventions are needed for this population.

The prediction of long-term outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage as measured by the Short Form-36 Health Survey

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1409-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Scharbrodt ◽  
Marco Stein ◽  
Vanessa Schreiber ◽  
Dieter-Karsten Böker ◽  
Matthias F. Oertel
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Short Form 36

How common is adjustment disorder? (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Casey
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry

Most of the large-scale epidemiological studies have neglected AD, although there are some recent smaller studies that have included it. The diagnostic tools in common use, such as SCAN or SCID, either omit AD or only allow the diagnosis to be made when all other disorders have been considered. Studies using these have found a prevalence of less than 2% in the general population or among those attending primary care. Two instruments specific for AD have been published in recent years. The ADNM is a screening instrument based on the proposed ICD-11 criteria, while the DIAD is a diagnostic tool. With these instruments, the prevalence has been shown to be much higher than earlier studies indicated, and in some settings such as liaison psychiatry its frequency eclipsed that of major depression. It is likely that the enhanced status of AD will result in more epidemiological studies that incorporate AD as well as other common disorders.

scholarly journals A Cirurgia de Substituição Valvular Aórtica Melhora a Qualidade de Vida dos Doentes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Pedro Coelho ◽  
Lara Noronha Ferreira ◽  
Clara Vital ◽  
José Fragata
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Preoperative Period ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Aortic Prosthesis ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Introduction: Aortic valve replacement surgery is done to increase patients’ life expectancy and improve their health-related quality of life. Several published studies have found improvement in health-related quality of life after this procedure, but none have involved patients in Portugal. This study sought to evaluate patients’ health-related quality of life after the implantation of aortic prostheses and compare these values with preoperative health-related quality of life and the general Portuguese population’s health-related quality of life.Material and Methods: A retrospective study was done with elective patients who underwent implantation of an aortic prosthesis between August 2011 and April 2016. Health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Short Form 36 Health Survey and Short Form 6 Health Survey questionnaires in the preoperative period and 3, 6 and 12 months post-surgery. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to process the data and compare preoperative health-related quality of life with postoperative values and the Portuguese population’s norms.Results: The sample included 506 patients with an average age of 70.6 years. The majority are male (53.6%). The postoperative results show a statistically significant improvement compared to preoperative health-related quality of life in all eight dimensions of the Short Form 36 Health Survey. When contrasted with the general Portuguese population, patients’ health-related quality of life is lower in the preoperative period, improving postoperatively and reaching higher than average health-related quality of life levels in some subgroups of patients and in various dimensions. An analysis of the Short Form 6 Health Survey results revealed that the patients undergoing this surgery have a higher level of preoperative problems compared with the general population, but these patients’ values approach those of the general population by the end of one year post-surgery.Discussion: This is the first study in Portugal that compares health-related quality of life using a validated scale, before and after the aortic prosthesis implantation surgery. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in all dimensions, which is not consistently observed in other published studies. Conclusion: The results confirm that the implantation of aortic prostheses improves patients’ health-related quality of life, over time bringing it close to the general population’s levels.

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