A Fraction Sense Intervention for Sixth Graders With or At Risk for Mathematics Difficulties

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy I. Dyson ◽  
Nancy C. Jordan ◽  
Jessica Rodrigues ◽  
Christina Barbieri ◽  
Luke Rinne
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Measure ◽  
Mathematics Difficulties ◽  
Number Line Estimation ◽  
Meaningful Context

The efficacy of a research-based fraction sense intervention for sixth graders with or at risk for mathematics difficulties ( N = 52) was examined. The intervention aimed to build understanding of fraction magnitudes on the number line. Key concepts were taught with a narrow range of denominators to develop deep understanding. The intervention was centered on a visual number line in the meaningful context of a color run race. Students were randomly assigned to the fraction sense intervention ( n = 25) or a business-as-usual control group ( n = 27). Students in the intervention condition received 21 lessons in small groups (45 min each) during their regular mathematics intervention period. Students in the intervention group performed significantly better than those in the control group on a measure of fraction number line estimation and a more general measure of fraction concepts, both at immediate posttest and delayed posttest, with large effect sizes; lesser effects were shown for fraction arithmetic.

scholarly journals Integrating numerical cognition research and mathematics education to strengthen the teaching and learning of early number

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Hawes ◽  
Rebecca Merkley ◽  
Daniel Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Numerical Cognition ◽  
School Context ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Number Line Estimation ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
And Mathematics

This study reports on the design, implementation, and effects of a 16-week (25-hour) mathematics Professional Development (PD) model for K-3 educators (N=45) and their students (N=180). A central goal of the PD was to better integrate numerical cognition research and mathematics education. The results of the first iteration (Year 1), indicated that compared to a control group, both teachers and students benefitted from the intervention. Teachers demonstrated gains in self-perceived and actual numerical cognition knowledge, while students demonstrated gains in number line estimation, arithmetic, and numeration. In Year 2, teachers in the intervention group demonstrated greater improvements than the control group on a measure of self-perceived numerical cognition knowledge, but no gains in actual numerical cognition knowledge. At the student level, there was some evidence of gains in numeration. Given the mixed findings, questions remain as to why the model may be effective in one school context but not another.

scholarly journals Implementation and effectiveness of a multi-domain program for older adults at risk of cognitive impairment at neighborhood senior centres

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Ern Mary Ng ◽  
Sean Olivia Nicholas ◽  
Shiou Liang Wee ◽  
Teng Yan Yau ◽  
Alvin Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Control Group

AbstractTo address the paucity of research investigating the implementation of multi-domain dementia prevention interventions, we implemented and evaluated a 24-week, bi-weekly multi-domain program for older adults at risk of cognitive impairment at neighborhood senior centres (SCs). It comprised dual-task exercises, cognitive training, and mobile application-based nutritional guidance. An RCT design informed by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance framework was adopted. Outcome measures include cognition, quality of life, blood parameters, and physical performance. Implementation was evaluated through questionnaires administered to participants, implementers, SC managers, attendance lists, and observations. The program reached almost 50% of eligible participants, had an attrition rate of 22%, and was adopted by 8.7% of the SCs approached. It was implemented as intended; only the nutritional component was re-designed due to participants’ unfamiliarity with the mobile application. While there were no between-group differences in cognition, quality of life, and blood parameters, quality of life reduced in the control group and physical function improved in the intervention group after 24 weeks. The program was well-received by participants and SCs. Our findings show that a multi-domain program for at-risk older adults has benefits and can be implemented through neighborhood SCs. Areas of improvement are discussed.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04440969 retrospectively registered on 22 June 2020.

scholarly journals Implementation of a QTc-interval monitoring protocol by pharmacists to decrease cardiac risk in at-risk patients in an acute care inpatient psychiatric facility

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Daniel ◽  
Kim Walsh ◽  
Henry Leach ◽  
Lauren Stummer
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
End Point ◽  
Monitoring Protocol

Abstract Introduction Many medications commonly prescribed in psychiatric hospitals can cause QTc-interval prolongation, increasing a patient's risk for torsades de pointes and sudden cardiac death. There is little guidance in the literature to determine when an electrocardiogram (ECG) and QTc-interval monitoring should be performed. The primary end point was improvement of the appropriateness of ECGs and QTc-interval monitoring of at-risk psychiatric inpatients at Barnabas Health Behavioral Health Center (BHBH) and Monmouth Medical Center (MMC) following implementation of a standardized monitoring protocol. The secondary end point was the number of pharmacist-specific interventions at site BHBH only. Methods Patients who met the inclusion criteria were assessed using a standardized QTc-prolongation assessment algorithm for ECG appropriateness. A retrospective analysis of a control group (no protocol) from January 1, 2016, to July 17, 2017, was compared with a prospective analysis of the intervention group (with protocol) from December 11, 2017, to March 11, 2018. Results At BHBH, appropriate ECG utilization increased 25.5% after implementation of a standardized protocol (P = .0172) and appropriate omission of ECG utilization improved by 26% (P < .00001). At MMC, appropriate ECGs decreased by 5%, and appropriate ECG omissions increased by 28%, neither of which were statistically significant (P = 1.0 and P = .3142, respectively). There was an increase in overall pharmacist monitoring. Discussion The study demonstrated that pharmacist involvement in ECG and QTc-interval monitoring utilizing a uniform protocol may improve the appropriateness of ECG and QTc-interval monitoring in patients in an acute care inpatient psychiatric hospital.

scholarly journals The importance of NT proBNP in hypertensive patients management for preventing heart failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Irina Cuciureanu ◽  
◽  
Anamaria-Georgiana Avram ◽  
Maria Suzana Guberna ◽  
Cătălina Liliana Andrei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Patients At Risk

Purpose. NT proBNP is routinely used in the diagnosis and prognosis of HF. The study aimed to determine whether the value of NT proBNP can be used in hypertensive patients to detect patients at risk of developing HF and whether in these patients medical management guided by NT proBNP can prevent the development of HF. Material and methods. We included 275 hypertensive patients who presented to the Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital for cardiological consultation for a period of 3 years. Patients diagnosed with heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction and patients with symptoms of heart failure at enrollment were excluded. We divided the patients into 2 groups, a control group and an intervention group. Patients in the intervention group were managed according to the NT proBNP value, and patients in the control group received standard treatment. Results. The objectives pursued at 3 years were: diagnosis of heart failure, systolic or diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle and hospitalization for cardiovascular pathology. After 3 years, in the control group there were 34 patients (25.4%) who developed HF, compared to 24 patients (17.0%) in the intervention group. In the control group, 51 patients (38.1%) were diagnosed with LV systolic dysfunction compared to 37 patients (26.2%) in the intervention group. Regarding diastolic LV dysfunction, in the control group there were 83 patients (61.9%), and in the intervention group there were 73 patients (51.8%). Also, the rate of hospitalizations for cardiovascular pathology was higher in the control group 47 patients (35.1%) compared to 27 patients (19.1%) in the intervention group. Discussions. Hypertensive patients in the intervention group, who were managed according to the NT proBNP value, had a lower incidence rate of heart failure, LV systolic or diastolic dysfunction, or hospitalizations for cardiovascular events than in the control group. Conclusions. The value of NT proBNP may be useful for detecting hypertensive patients at risk of developing HF, and NT proBNP-guided medical management may prevent or delay the onset of HF.

Kindergarten Training in Phonological Awareness: Fluency and Comprehension Gains Are Greatest for Readers at Risk in Grades 1 Through 9

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Christina Kjeldsen ◽  
Lic Educ ◽  
Silja K. Saarento-Zaprudin ◽  
Pekka O. Niemi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Fluency And Comprehension

Training in phonological awareness has brought about well-documented positive effects on learning to read in lower-primary grades. Less is known about long-term gains extending to upper-primary and junior high school. The few longitudinal studies covering at least 5 years suggest that gains in decoding are sustained, whereas effects on reading comprehension have either not been studied or produced equivocal results. The present study followed up the reading development of 209 Finland Swedish students from kindergarten until Grade 9, half of whom participated in an 8-month phonological intervention in kindergarten. The intervention group outperformed the control group in both word reading and reading comprehension in Grades 1 through 9. However, albeit statistically significant, the differences at the group level were small. The main result was a clear-cut difference in both skills among readers at risk belonging to the lowest 25% in foundational skills at the beginning of kindergarten. In Grade 6, altogether 60% of the nontrained readers at risk still belonged to the lowest quartile in reading comprehension as opposed to 24% of their peers in the intervention group. The pattern was repeated in Grade 9, with trained readers at risk performing at the level of nontrained mainstream readers.

scholarly journals Feasibility of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Examining a Multidimensional Intervention in Women with Gynecological Cancer at Risk of Lymphedema

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-470
Author(s):  
Shirin M. Shallwani ◽  
Anna Towers ◽  
Anne Newman ◽  
Shannon Salvador ◽  
Angela Yung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

There is limited knowledge on non-invasive lymphedema risk-reduction strategies for women with gynecological cancer. Understanding factors influencing the feasibility of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can guide future research. Our objectives are to report on the design and feasibility of a pilot RCT examining a tailored multidimensional intervention in women treated for gynecological cancer at risk of lymphedema and to explore the preliminary effectiveness of the intervention on lymphedema incidence at 12 months. In this pilot single-blinded, parallel-group, multi-centre RCT, women with newly diagnosed gynecological cancer were randomized to receive post-operative compression stockings and individualized exercise education (intervention group: IG) or education on lymphedema risk-reduction alone (control group: CG). Rates of recruitment, retention and assessment completion were recorded. Intervention safety and feasibility were tracked by monitoring adverse events and adherence. Clinical outcomes were evaluated over 12 months: presence of lymphedema, circumferential and volume measures, body composition and quality of life. Fifty-one women were recruited and 36 received the assigned intervention. Rates of recruitment and 12-month retention were 47% and 78%, respectively. Two participants experienced post-operative cellulitis, prior to intervention delivery. At three and six months post-operatively, 67% and 63% of the IG used compression ≥42 h/week, while 56% engaged in ≥150 weekly minutes of moderate-vigorous exercise. The cumulative incidence of lymphedema at 12 months was 31% in the CG and 31.9% in the IG (p = 0.88). In affected participants, lymphedema developed after a median time of 3.2 months (range, 2.7–5.9) in the CG vs. 8.8 months (range, 2.9–11.8) in the IG. Conducting research trials exploring lymphedema risk-reduction strategies in gynecological cancer is feasible but challenging. A tailored intervention of compression and exercise is safe and feasible in this population and may delay the onset of lymphedema. Further research is warranted to establish the role of these strategies in reducing the risk of lymphedema for the gynecological cancer population.

scholarly journals The Effect of Solution-Focused Counseling on Violence Rate and Quality of Life of Pregnant Women at Risk of Domestic Violence: A randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Din Mohammadi ◽  
Mohsen Dadashi ◽  
Elahe Ahmadnia ◽  
leila Janani ◽  
Roghieh Kharaghani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Solution Focused

Abstract Background: Domestic violence is considered as one of the most common social problems, which can affect the quality of life of women. The problem of preventing and controlling this problem, especially during pregnancy, is one of the basic challenges of health systems. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of counseling based on conflict solution on the rate of violence and quality of life of pregnant women at risk of domestic violence. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial on 90 pregnant women, who were selected from maternity wards in health center number three in Zanjan city. Women who had inclusion criteria based on the domestic violence conflict tactics scale (CTS-2) selected with convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups of intervention (45 people) and control (45 people) with a blocked randomization method. The intervention group received six counseling sessions with a solution-focused approach and the control group received no intervention. Study tool included demographic and reproductive questionnaires CTS- 2 and short form health survey (SF-36); which completed at baseline and six weeks follow-up in both groups. The results were analyzed by nonparametric ANCOVA using SPSS and R soft wares.Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the physical violence (P=0.001), psychological violence (P=0.001), and sexual violence (P=0.001) in the intervention group compared to the control group at six weeks follow- up. There were significant improvements in negotiation scores in the intervention group (P˂0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences in the quality of life scores (P=0.001), vitality (p=0.003), psychological health (p=0.004), bodily pain (p=0.014), physical functioning (p=0.023), and social functioning (p=0.019) between the two groups at the follow- up period.Conclusion: According to the result, individual counseling based on a solution-based approach reduces the amount of domestic violence and increases the quality of life of pregnant women at risk of violence.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2017040628352N4. Date of registration: August 20th 2017.

scholarly journals Promoting Healthy Family Behaviors in the Primary Care Setting

PRiMER ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Weirauch ◽  
Julie Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Pediatric obesity is an increasingly prevalent problem. Several studies have examined prevention and treatment strategies. The majority of effective studies involved school or community interventions. With health care becoming more collaborative, we hypothesized that a behavioral health specialist may be effective in executing multifaceted interventions with families of at-risk patients. Methods: This is a prospective randomized study, evaluating impact of intervention with a behavioral specialist on lifestyle risk factors for pediatric obesity in children. At-risk behaviors were identified with a screening tool from the Healthy Kids, Healthy Michigan Clinical Decision Tools, based on the 2007 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines on pediatric obesity. An intervention group received ongoing care from the behavioral specialist over three months, including motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapy. Participants were compared with a control group receiving usual care. Results: There was no significant difference between the intervention and control group regarding change in number of risk factors. However, both groups had a reduced number of risk factors at follow-up. The control group had a significant change in number of risk factors after the intervention. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. However, it is notable that both groups saw significant decreases in total number of risk factors. The only addition to usual care provided to the control group was use of the screening tool. Our results indicate that the use of a screening tool and brief physician intervention may be an effective means for improving healthy behaviors within families.

Physical activity and prenatal depression: going beyond statistical significance by assessing the impact of reliable and clinical significant change

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Marina Vargas-Terrones ◽  
Taniya S. Nagpal ◽  
Maria Perales ◽  
Harry Prapavessis ◽  
Michelle F. Mottola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Point Change ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous literature supports exercise as a preventative agent for prenatal depression; however, treatment effects for women at risk for prenatal depression remain unexplored. The purpose of the study was to examine whether exercise can lower depressive symptoms among women who began pregnancy at risk for depression using both a statistical significance and reliable and clinically significant change criteria. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials that followed the same exercise protocol. Pregnant women were allocated to an exercise intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). All participants completed the Center for Epidemiological Depression (CES-D) scale at gestational week 9–16 and 36–38. Women with a baseline score ⩾16 were included. A clinically reliable cut-off was calculated as a 7-point change in scores from pre- to post-intervention. Results Thirty-six women in the IG and 25 women in the CG scored ⩾16 on the CES-D at baseline. At week 36–38 the IG had a statistically significant lower CES-D score (14.4 ± 8.6) than the CG (19.4 ± 11.1; p < 0.05). Twenty-two women in the IG (61%) had a clinically reliable decrease in their post-intervention score compared to eight women in the CG (32%; p < 0.05). Among the women who met the reliable change criteria, 18 (81%) in the IG and 7 (88%) in the CG had a score <16 post-intervention, with no difference between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions A structured exercise program might be a useful treatment option for women at risk for prenatal depression.

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