Causes of nonfatal occupational injury in the private sector in Tunisia

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 558-566
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Benkhalifa ◽  
Mohamed Ayadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Injury Reporting ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

The absence of studies that investigate the causes and risk factors of nonfatal occupational injury in Tunisia inhibits the development of effective preventive strategies. The objective of this study was to identify the causes and risk factors of nonfatal occupational injury in the private sector in Tunisia. We used retrospective data derived from the occupational injury reporting forms submitted to the Caisse Nationale d’Assurance Maladie. A sample of 42,293 workers in the private sector for 2014 contains information on sociodemographic variables. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to investigate the association of cause-specific injury with demographic variables. The leading causes of nonfatal occupational injury were “falls” (employee fall and falling objects; 36%) and “struck by objects” (23%). Male employees were at higher risk of “exposure to extreme temperatures” (PR = 12 [7–45]), “asphyxia and poisoning” (PR = 4 [2.4–12]), “transport and handling” (PR = 2.4 [1.9–5]), “falling objects” (PR = 2.3 [1.4–3.7]), and “employee fall” (PR = 1.2 [1.1–1.5]). Although, rural areas were at higher risk to “asphyxia and poisoning” (PR = 3.6 [1.1–11.4]), “transport and handling” (PR = 2.5 [1.3–5.4]), and “burns” (PR = 1.3 [1.1–3]). It is important that effective interventions be developed to minimize the impact of falls and “struck by objects.” The most vulnerable categories to occupational injury are less educated men, rural residents aged between 15 years and 24 years, and elderly employees (55 years and over). Thus, our findings can contribute to the planning of prevention intervention programs that should expand to the most vulnerable categories.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Hazard Correlation between Risk Factors and Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2213
Author(s):  
Huan-Cheng Chang ◽  
Mei-Chin Wang ◽  
Meng-Hao Chen ◽  
Hung-Chang Liao ◽  
Ya-huei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Healthy Behavior ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the occurrence of diabetes and sustainable risk factors in residents aged 30 and above of a community in Taoyuan County, Taiwan. The main purpose of this research was to explore the correlations between related variables and the occurrence of diabetes. The demographic variables, health exam variables, healthy behavior variables, and environmental variables had obvious impacts on the risk of diabetes. As age increased, the risk of developing the disease also increased; higher educational levels lowered risk, while unemployment raised it. Also, analysis of the health exam variables showed that abnormal BMIs, waist-hip ratios, and body fat percentages had significant impacts on individuals’ risk of diabetes. Moreover, it was found that smoking affected the risk of having diabetes: smokers, particularly male smokers, had a relatively higher risk of developing the disease. Lastly, the results showed that exposure to second-hand smoke did not have a significant effect on the diabetes proportion in the male population. However, a significantly higher proportion of females who had been exposed to second-hand smoke had diabetes.

Risk factors and features of stroke among young persons in urban and rural areas of the Tambov Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Ekaterina B. Zvonareva ◽  
Lubov I. Grigorova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Concomitant Factors ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors

Since 2011 according to the national project “Health” the Regional Vascular Center has been operating on the basis of the Tambov Regional Clinical Hospital. This is a ward for patients with acute cerebral circulation disorder. Since 2017 there has been an increase in patients due to an increase in the number of attached population to Tambov Regional Clinical Hospital and, accordingly, unfortunately, the mortality rate from acute cerebral circulation disorder has been increasing. Between 2016 and 2020, a study was conducted based on the follow-up of young patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. In the study we emphasized the research of regional features of the structure, causes, and risk factors of stroke in persons in the city of Tambov and the districts of the Tambov Region. We verified pathogenetic subtypes of stroke among young patients. We identified and considered main and concomitant factors determining stroke outcome, degree of neurological deficiency, and disabled patients. We identified the leading causes of stroke in persons, the main of which were: arterial hypertension, cardiac pathology, atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Bacterial Vaginosis and Risk Factors in Pregnant Women in Senegal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Bonneton ◽  
Bich-Tram Huynh ◽  
Abdoulaye Seck ◽  
Raymond Bercion ◽  
Fatoumata Diene Sarr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vaginal Flora ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with a higher risk of preterm delivery and spontaneous abortion. Yet little data on BV prevalence exist for sub-Saharan countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Senegal.MethodsFrom October 2013 to December 2018, pregnant women in their third trimester were recruited in two primary health centers (one suburban, one rural) in Senegal. Healthcare workers interviewed women and collected a lower vaginal swab and a blood sample. Vaginal flora were classified into four categories using vaginal smear microscopic examination and Gram’s coloration. In our study, BV was defined as vaginal flora with no Lactobacillus spp. Variables associated with BV were analyzed using STATA® through univariate and multivariate analysis.Results A total of 457 women provided a vaginal sample for analysis. Overall, BV prevalence was 18.6% (85/457) [95% CI: 15.4-22.6]) and was similar in suburban and rural areas (18.9 % versus 18.1%, p=0.843). Multivariate analysis showed that primigravidity was the only factor independently associated with a lower risk of BV (aOR=0.35 [95% CI 0.17-0.72]).Conclusions Our study showed significant BV prevalence among pregnant women in Senegal. Although the literature has underscored the potential consequences of BV for obstetric outcomes, data are scarce on BV prevalence in sub-Saharan African countries. Before authorities consider systematic BV screening for pregnant women, a larger study would be useful in documenting prevalence, risk factors and the impact of BV on pregnancy outcomes.

Death Following Recent Admission Into Nursing Home From Community Living: A Systematic Review Into the Transition Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha Ferrah ◽  
Joseph Elias Ibrahim ◽  
Chebiwot Kipsaina ◽  
Lyndal Bugeja
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Status Transition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Causes Of Deaths ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Admission

Objective: This study examines the impact of the transition process on the mortality of elderly individuals following their first admission to nursing home from the community at 1, 3, and 6 months postadmission, and causes and risk factors for death. Method: A systematic review of relevant studies published between 2000 and 2015 was conducted using key search terms: first admission, death, and nursing homes. Results: Eleven cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. Mortality within the first 6 month postadmission varied from 0% to 34% (median = 20.2). Causes of deaths were not reported. Heightened mortality was not wholly explained by intrinsic resident factors. Only two studies investigated the influence of facility factors, and found an increased risk in facilities with high antipsychotics use. Discussion: Mortality in the immediate period following admission may not simply be due to an individual’s health status. Transition processes and facility characteristics are potentially independent and modifiable risk factors.

scholarly journals Strategies For Improving Coordination Between The Public and Private Institutions For Agricultural and Rural Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Kaman Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
People Participation ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>English<br /></strong>Agriculture/agribusiness plays a strategic role in labor absorption, capital formation, foreign exchange, providing food supply, and supply a market for domestically produced industrial goods. Globalization has suddenly changed the way leaders of nations in managing agriculture/agribusiness development. Many countries are more open, moving toward democracy. Through the impact of decentralization, the government is shifting from dominating development in the past to people participation. This implies that the private sector will play a more active role in agriculture/agribusiness and rural development. With the new vision, agriculture should not be seen as a separate sector (on-farm), but in a more broad way which is agribusiness consisting of all related activities from upstream to downstream agribusiness subsystem. Good governance is a prerequisite to encourage private institutions to participate in agriculture/agribusiness and rural development. Policy measures to improve coordination between public and private institutions includes: infrastructure development, development of seed industry, develop and strengthen agro-industry in rural areas, develop and strengthen market information, market restructuring and trade policy, development of the private sector, micro, small, and medium size enterprises, macroeconomic stability, land market deregulation, strengthening of governance, environment sustainability, and improving rural productivity. All of these measures must be transparent and communicated to all stakeholders in agriculture/agribusiness and rural development.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian<br /></strong>Sektor pertanian memiliki peranan yang strategis dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja, pembentukan kapital, penyediaan pangan, dan menyadiakan bahan baku untuk industri dalam negeri. Globalisasi secara serta merta talah merubah kebijakan pemimpin-pemimpin nasional dalam menangani pembangunan pertanian dan agribisnis. Berbagai negara menjadi lebih terbuka menuju ke arah demokrasi. Melalui dampak desentralisasi, pemerintah telah beralih dari sikap mendominasi di masa lalu menuju pada partisipasi masyarakat. Hal ini berimplikasi kepada semakin besarnya peran sektor swasta dalam pembangunan pertanian di pedesaan. Dengan visi baru ini, maka pertanian tidak lagi di pandang sebagai sektor yang terpisah-pisah, namun menjadi lebih luas, dimana mencakup aktivitas-aktivitas yang terkaIt mulai dari subsistem hulu sampai hilir. Pemerintahan yang baik dituntut untuk mendorong koordinasi antara institusi swasta dan publik mencakup: pengembangan infrastruktur, pengembangan industri benih, pengembangan dan penguatan agroindustri di pedesaan, pengembangan informasi pasar, merestruktur pasar dan kebijakan perdagangan, pengembangan sektor swasta, usaha mikro, kecil, menengah, stabilitas ekonomi makro, deregulasi pasar lahan, penguatan pemerintahan, keberlanjutan lingkungan, dan peningkatan produktivitas pedesan. Semua kebijakan ini mestilah dilakukan secara transparan dan dikomunikasikan kepada stakeholders yang terlibat dalam pembangunan pertanian dan pedesaan.</p>

Abstract P302: Longitudinal Evaluation of Impact and Results of the Mississippi Kidney Foundation’s Renal Evaluation and Assessment Program (REAP)

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S Latham ◽  
Adam S Woodson ◽  
Deborah S Minor ◽  
Lynda M Richards ◽  
Gail G Sweat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Reduced Kidney Function ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Health fair-type screenings are one of the most recognizable forms of community-based health promotion. Though these screenings offer benefits in theory, little evidence supports their value. Through REAP, Mississippi Kidney Foundation routinely provides screenings for cardiovascular and renal disease risk factors. At each screening, participants obtain blood pressure, height, weight, laboratory assessments (metabolic/renal blood chemistries, complete blood count, total cholesterol, urinalysis) and complete a questionnaire regarding risk factors and disease history. Participants also receive written information about values/goals and consultation with a healthcare provider. Without a systematic evaluation, the overall value of this program is unknown. The purpose of this study was to review the impact and results of REAP and identify any changes that could improve outreach and patient care. Methods: We reviewed demographics and prevalence of cardiovascular and renal disease risk factors among participants over the previous 4 years (2010-2013). Screening sites were classified as urban or rural, according to census data. Risk factors were defined as elevated blood pressure (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg), cholesterol (total > 200 mg/dL), or blood glucose (fasting ≥ 100 mg/dL); reduced kidney function (elevated BUN/Cr and/or eGFR < 60 ml/min); and proteinuria (≥ 30 mg/dL). Results: Over the review period, 57 screenings were performed at 34 sites, 15 classified as rural. Of the 5,545 participants, 4,299 were at urban and 1,246 at rural sites. Overall, 1,760 (32%) had elevated blood pressure (36% vs 31%, rural vs urban, respectively), 2,013 (36%, 40% vs 35%) elevated cholesterol and 1,046 (19%, 23% vs 18%) elevated glucose. Reduced kidney function was identified in 762 (14%, 15% vs 13%) participants, while 1,423 (26%, 29% vs 25%) had proteinuria. Among those reporting ethnicity (n=1,948) and gender (n=3,164), 614 (32%) were Caucasian, 1,290 (66%) African-American, and 2,270 (72%) female. Conclusions: Through this review, we determined that though REAP appears to target at risk populations, further efforts are needed to improve participation of males and those in rural areas. Elevated risk factors were more prevalent in rural areas; however, this may reflect differences in treatment rates, not absolute values. To better assess the impact of REAP, define risk factors, and influence patient care, we identified that more rigorous tracking, review of disease and treatment history, and further assessments are needed (i.e. full lipid panel). A graded system targeting patient follow-up is necessary, particularly among those at greatest risk. Based on these findings, these changes will be implemented, along with a post-screening evaluation of participants’ perceived benefits and result utilization.

Midlife Vascular Factors and Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Late-Life in Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Miguel Arce Rentería ◽  
Jennifer J. Manly ◽  
Jet M.J. Vonk ◽  
Silvia Mejia Arango ◽  
Alejandra Michaels Obregon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes and investigate the impact of midlife cardiovascular risk factors on late-life MCI among the aging Mexican population. Method: Analyses included a sample of non-demented adults over the age of 55 living in both urban and rural areas of Mexico (N = 1807). MCI diagnosis was assigned based on a comprehensive cognitive assessment assessing the domains of memory, executive functioning, language, and visuospatial ability. The normative sample was selected by means of the robust norms approach. Cognitive impairment was defined by a 1.5-SD cut-off per cognitive domain using normative corrections for age, years of education, and sex. Risk factors included age, education, sex, rurality, depression, insurance status, workforce status, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. Results: The prevalence of amnestic MCI was 5.9%. Other MCI subtypes ranged from 4.2% to 7.7%. MCI with and without memory impairment was associated with older age (OR = 1.01 [1.01, 1.05]; OR = 1.03 [1.01, 1.04], respectively) and residing in rural areas (OR = 1.49 [1.08, 2.06]; OR = 1.35 [1.03, 1.77], respectively). Depression (OR = 1.07 [1.02, 1.12]), diabetes (OR = 1.37 [1.03, 1.82]), and years of education (OR = 0.94 [0.91, 0.97]) were associated with MCI without memory impairment. Midlife CVD increased the odds of MCI in late-life (OR = 1.76 [1.19, 2.59], which was driven by both midlife hypertension and diabetes (OR = 1.70 [1.18, 2.44]; OR = 1.88 [1.19, 2.97], respectively). Conclusions: Older age, depression, low education, rurality, and midlife hypertension and diabetes were associated with higher risk of late-life MCI among older adults in Mexico. Our findings suggest that the causes of cognitive impairment are multifactorial and vary by MCI subtype.

scholarly journals Cumulative incidence and causal risk factors of carcass condemnations in a South African high-throughput cattle abattoir

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
E.C. Webb ◽  
E.M. Webb ◽  
P.T. Tlhapi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South African ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Cattle Management ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

Carcass condemnation is a problem in the South African beef industry, but the causes and risk factors have not been studied or quantified. Better understanding of the cumulative incidence and causative predictors of carcass condemnations could assist in improving cattle management during transportation, preslaughter and lairage in high-throughput abattoirs. This study was conducted to investigate the main causes and predisposing factors of carcass condemnation at a large high-throughput cattle abattoir during postmortem inspections from January to December 2010. The experimental design included the effects of season, breed type, and sex, and their interactions on the cumulative incidence of carcass condemnations, and the causes of partial and whole carcass condemnations and the impact on carcass yield. The model was based on the presence of defects. Thirteen diseases and defects were evaluated in various breeds, sexes and seasons. The cumulative incidence of partial and complete carcass condemnations was 9.5%.The most important causes were peritonitis and pleuritis, soiling and bruising, Almost half of these carcass condemnations were due to soiling and bruising, which can be addressed by implementing better abattoir management during transportation, pre-slaughter and lairage. The cumulative incidence of parafilaria occurred mostly in spring and summer. Measles, intramuscular haemorrhage and wet carcass syndrome occurred mostly in winter. The cumulative incidence of the other defects had a negligible effect. Numerically the greatest carcass weight losses subsequent to partial condemnations were because of intramuscular haemorrhage and bruising. Keywords: abattoir management, breed, carcass condemnation, cattle, seasonal effects, sex

scholarly journals IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Rajesh Venkataraman ◽  
Jeethu M Mathai ◽  
Linu Thomas ◽  
Mathew James
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This study was designed to analyse the impact of demographic variables on blood pressure and glycaemic levels in patients with diabetes and hypertension.Methods: A community-based prospective observational study was conducted over a span of six months in the rural villages of Nagamangala Taluk, Mandya Dist, Karnataka.Results: Among 320 subjects, 285 patients had been enrolled in the study. The demographic variable such as age was found to be significantly correlated with random blood sugar and blood pressure level. Whereas gender was significantly correlated to the RBS level, while negatively correlated to blood pressure level. Even though the economic status was not significant, educational status was significant to both RBS and blood pressure level.Conclusion: This inquest portrayed that educational stature brings out an immense reverberation on glycemic and blood pressure control apart from other demographic variables. So this study confers an insight that, strategies for educating patients especially in rural areas thereby making them aware of long-term complications leads to augment overall health outcome.

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