scholarly journals Individual and Relationship Characteristics of Adolescent Girls With Histories of Physical Dating Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1389-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie J. Rizzo ◽  
Meredith C. Joppa ◽  
David Barker ◽  
Caron Zlotnick ◽  
Justine Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Study Entry ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Relationship Length ◽  
Timeline Followback ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

The objective of this article is to examine the individual and relational characteristics of adolescent girls with a history of physical DV, as well as to utilize partner-specific, temporal data to explore links between these factors and recent or ongoing DV experiences. Participants were 109 high school girls (ages 14-17) identified as having a history of DV through a school-based screening procedure. Details regarding the timing of DV and links with specific dating partners were gathered using Timeline Followback (TLFB) interview methodology. At study entry, 30% endorsed clinical levels of depression symptoms and 89% reported delinquent behaviors. Forty-four percent reported vaginal intercourse in their lifetime and of those, 35% reported not using a condom at last sex. During the 90 days prior to study entry, 69% of youth reported having a romantic relationship and 58% of those youth reported physical/sexual violence. Data revealed that more physical/sexual violence was associated with longer relationship length, Wald χ2(2) = 1,142.63, p < .001. Furthermore, depressive symptoms, not delinquency, contributed significantly to recent DV experiences, even when relationship length was controlled. Our findings suggest that prevention programs for this population should teach participants how to quickly recognize unhealthy relationship characteristics, as violence severity increases with relationship length. Programs for adolescent girls should also address depressive symptoms, which are linked to DV severity when other risks are taken into account. Finally, the TLFB calendar method appears useful for gathering the temporal and partner-specific data needed to understand the complexity of dating relationships and violence experiences in this population.

The Association Between a History of Sexual Violence and Romantic Relationship Functioning: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802091561
Author(s):  
Kristen N. Vitek ◽  
Elizabeth A. Yeater
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relationship Functioning ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Research Directions

The consequences of sexual violence are substantial and include both intra- and interpersonal problems. Notably, sexual violence has been associated with difficulties in interpersonal relationships including intimate relationships. While there have been prior reviews considering various interpersonal and dyadic consequences associated with sexual violence, there has not been a comprehensive review considering the various aspects of adult dyadic functioning including intimacy, relationship conflict, and satisfaction satisfaction among both child and adult victims of sexual violence. The databases PsycINFO and PubMed were searched for terms related to sexual victimization (e.g., sexual assault, sexual victimization, sexual abuse, rape, revictimization), terms related to relationships (e.g., romantic relationship, intimate relationship), and terms related to relationship functioning (e.g., satisfaction, relationship quality, conflict, communication, intimacy, sexual functioning). Eligible studies for this review were required to (1) be an original study, (2) be written in English, (3) identify a sample or subsample consisting of women reporting a history of sexual violence in either childhood or adulthood, and (4) measure at least one of the following relationship areas: intimacy, relationship conflict, or relationship satisfaction in heterosexual adult romantic relationships. A total of 20 articles met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Results demonstrated mixed findings on the association between sexual violence and relationship functioning, with some studies demonstrating an association between sexual violence and relationship functioning, and others failing to find such associations. These findings are discussed within the context of gaps in the extant literature and future research directions.

Expanding our understanding of the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms in black and white adolescent girls

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1319-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEBRA L. FRANKO ◽  
RUTH H. STRIEGEL-MOORE ◽  
KATHLEEN M. BROWN ◽  
BRUCE A. BARTON ◽  
ROBERT P. McMAHON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
White Female ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Little is known about the extent to which negative life events predict depressive symptoms in ethnically diverse groups or whether this relationship is proximal or enduring.Method. The relationship between negative life events in adolescence and depressive symptoms in young adulthood was studied in a sample of over 1300 black and white female adolescents. Five domains of life events were assessed at age 16 years and depressive symptoms were measured at age 18 and again at age 21 years. Questions of interest included whether the association continued over time and whether there were specific domains of life events that predicted symptoms better than others.Results. The total number of negative life events at time 1 predicted depressive symptoms at both time 2 and time 3. Interpersonal loss events and other adversities, however, predicted depressive symptoms only at time 2, whereas at time 3, only interpersonal trauma was a significant predictor. No ethnic differences were found, indicating that the relationship between life events and depressive symptoms appears to be similar for black and white adolescent girls.Conclusions. The results suggest that negative life events and some specific type of stressors increase the likelihood of the onset of depression symptoms in future years, for both black and white girls. Early preventive efforts should be directed at adolescents who experience loss due to death of a significant other, traumatic events, and psychosocial adversities to forestall the development of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and neuroticism-related traits are the main factors associated with wellbeing independent of the history of lifetime depression in the UK Biobank

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chiara Fabbri ◽  
Julian Mutz ◽  
Cathryn M. Lewis ◽  
Alessandro Serretti
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Wellbeing has a fundamental role in determining life expectancy and major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the main modulating factors of wellbeing. This study evaluated the modulators of wellbeing in individuals with lifetime recurrent MDD (RMDD), single-episode MDD (SMDD) and no MDD in the UK Biobank. Methods Scores of happiness, meaningful life and satisfaction about functioning were condensed in a functioning-wellbeing score (FWS). We evaluated depression and anxiety characteristics, neuroticism-related traits, physical diseases, lifestyle and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of psychiatric disorders. Other than individual predictors, we estimated the cumulative contribution to FWS of each group of predictors. We tested the indirect role of neuroticism on FWS through the modulation of depression manifestations using a mediation analysis. Results We identified 47 966, 21 117 and 207 423 individuals with lifetime RMDD, SMDD and no MDD, respectively. Depression symptoms and personality showed the largest impact on FWS (variance explained ~20%), particularly self-harm, worthlessness feelings during the worst depression, chronic depression, loneliness and neuroticism. Personality played a stronger role in SMDD. Anxiety characteristics showed a higher effect in SMDD and no MDD groups. Neuroticism played indirect effects through specific depressive symptoms that modulated FWS. Physical diseases and lifestyle explained only 4–5% of FWS variance. The PRS of MDD showed the largest effect on FWS compared to other PRSs. Conclusions This was the first study to comprehensively evaluate the predictors of wellbeing in relation to the history of MDD. The identified variables are important to identify individuals at risk and promote wellbeing.

Dietary antioxidants and fiber intake and depressive symptoms in Iranian adolescent girls

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh ◽  
Alireza Omranzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Mobin Miri-Moghaddam ◽  
Soheil Arekhi ◽  
Amirhosein Naseri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract Objective: To investigate the cross-sectional association between dietary intakes of antioxidants and fiber and depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls. Design: A cross-sectional population-based study. Setting: Primary schools in two different cities located in northeastern Iran (Mashhad and Sabzevar). Participants: A total of 988 adolescent girls aged 12-18 years were included in the study. Results: Subjects with no or minimal depression symptoms had significantly higher dietary intakes of α-carotene (p=0.01), β-carotene (p=0.006), lutein (p=0.03), and vitamin C (p=0.04) when compared with subjects with mild to severe depression symptoms. Soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber intakes were also significantly higher in healthy adolescents compared to those with depression symptoms (p<0.001). In multivariate-adjusted model 2, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of depressive symptoms were 0.61 (0.37–1.01), 0.42 (0.26–0.69), 0.50 (0.31–0.79), 0.71 (0.44–1.15), 0.51 (0.32-0.82) and 0.42 (0.25-0.68) for the highest versus lowest quartile of vitamin C, β-carotene, α-carotene, lutein, soluble dietary fiber, and insoluble dietary fiber cereal intakes, respectively. Conclusion: Dietary intake of some antioxidants and dietary fiber intake were inversely associated with depression symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls.

Depression Following Operative Treatments for Achilles Ruptures and Ankle Fractures

2021 ◽  
pp. 107110072110203
Author(s):  
Reid Davison ◽  
Jean-Philippe A. Daniel ◽  
Alexander J. Idarraga ◽  
Kathryn M. Perticone ◽  
Johnny Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Preoperative Visit ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
History Of

Background: The sudden and debilitating nature of lower extremity injuries can trigger mood disturbances, including major depressive disorder. Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients undergoing operative repair of ankle fractures and Achilles ruptures and followed them for 1 year postoperatively. The validated Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms was administered at the preoperative visit and at postoperative weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, and 52. PHQ-9 is scored 0 to 27, with higher values indicating greater depression symptoms. Results: Fifty-eight patients completed 1 year of follow-up. The mean PHQ-9 score was 2.7 (range, 0-20) at the preoperative visit, peaked at postoperative week 1 (4.9; range, 0-16), and reached its low at postoperative week 52 (0.8; range, 0-7). Cumulative incidences of depressive symptoms during the first year following surgery were 51.7% for at least mild depression, 22.4% for at least moderate depression, and 6.9% for severe depression. A history of mental health disorder and the inability to work during the period of postoperative immobilization were independently associated with greater depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The majority of patients undergoing operative treatment of Achilles ruptures and ankle fractures develop postoperative symptoms of mild to moderate depression that normalize after several months. Patients with a history of mental health disorder or who cannot work while immobilized postoperatively are at greatest risk. Level of Evidence: Level II.

Anxiety and depression symptoms among sub-fertile women, women pregnant after infertility treatment, and naturally pregnant women

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Salih Joelsson ◽  
T. Tydén ◽  
K. Wanggren ◽  
M.K. Georgakis ◽  
J. Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fertile Women

AbstractBackground:Infertility has been associated with psychological distress, but whether these symptoms persist after achieving pregnancy via assisted reproductive technology (ART) remains unclear. We compared the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms between women seeking for infertility treatment and women who conceived after ART or naturally.Methods:Four hundred and sixty-eight sub-fertile non-pregnant women, 2972 naturally pregnant women and 143 women pregnant after ART completed a questionnaire in this cross-sectional study. The Anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A≥8) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS≥12) were used for assessing anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. Multivariate Poisson regression models with robust variance were applied to explore associations with anxiety and depressive symptoms.Results:The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among sub-fertile, non-pregnant women (57.6% and 15.7%, respectively) were significantly higher compared to women pregnant after ART (21.1% and 8.5%, respectively) and naturally pregnant women (18.8% and 10.3%, respectively). History of psychiatric diagnosis was identified as an independent risk factor for both anxiety and depressive symptoms. The presence of at least one unhealthy lifestyle behavior (daily tobacco smoking, weekly alcohol consumption, BMI≥25, and regular physical exercise < 2 h/week) was also associated with anxiety (Prevalence Ratio, PR: 1.24; 95%CI: 1.09–1.40) and depressive symptoms (PR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.04–1.49).Conclusions:Women pregnant after ART showed no difference in anxiety and depressive symptoms compared to naturally pregnant women. However, early psychological counseling and management of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors for sub-fertile women may be advisable, particularly for women with a previous history of psychiatric diagnosis.

scholarly journals Predictors of love attitudes: The contribution of cultural orientation, gender attachment style, relationship length and age in participants from the UK and Hong Kong

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Smith ◽  
Antonia Klases
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Relationship Length ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this research was to explore whether a model including psychological predictors at the individual, interpersonal and cultural level could predict romantic attitudes. Attachment style, cultural orientation, gender, and relationship length were tested as predictors for each of the six love styles conceptualized by Lee (1977). Adults from Britain (N = 56) and Hong Kong (N = 52) who were in a romantic relationship completed four self-report measures; a demographic questionnaire, The Individualism and Collectivism Scale (IC-S), The Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-Short Form (ECR-S) and The Love Attitude Scale short form (LAS). The model successfully predicted each love style and in one case (Mania) accounted for 52% of the variance in this love style. Each love attitude had a different profile, and no one predictor dominated any one style which supports Lee’s original idea that the styles are qualitatively different.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

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