Scaling Gender and Sexual Diversity Policies in K-12 Schools

2021 ◽  
pp. 089590482110584
Author(s):  
Mollie T. McQuillan
Keyword(s):  
Federal State ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Sexual Diversity ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Administrative Guidance ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Legislative Mandates ◽  
K 12

As policy debates concerning LGBTQ+ students and staff continue across the American education system, there is not a clear description of the prevalence of local policy protections, even in states with legislative mandates, nor a strong understanding of how to expand reform initiatives. After conducting a document analysis of policies with a statewide, representative sample of districts, this study uses Illinois as a case study to describe several educational policy levers to scale gender and sexual diversity (GSD) reforms across federal, state, intermediary, and local institutions. The results indicate all districts complied with top-down legislative mandates, but few policies referenced gender or sexual diversity if not state-mandated. A minority of districts enacted policies through administrative guidance (27%), often using language from a state intermediary organization. Results from the regression analysis suggest local factors, such as district size, per pupil spending, and rurality, contribute to adopting guidance, but not policy protections. This study indicates both top-down and bottom-up pathways matter for expanding GSD-related reforms.

scholarly journals Food Security and the Futures of Farmers in Decentralisation Era: a Case Study From Sigi District Central Sulawesi

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nur Alamsyah ◽  
Sultan Sultan ◽  
Sayuti Sayuti
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Standard Information

Decentralization is a form of democratization used to push development at district level. The formation of new autonomous regions results into more land conversion and politicization of society, rather than the strengthening of food security and the wellbing of farmers. This study examines the effectivity of local policy of Sigi District South Sulawesi to strengthen food security and elevate the prosperity of farmers. Through qualitative methods to bring together stakeholders (farmers, local authorities) through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, the study found that the district policy still is formalistic. There is no standard information dissemination,no better attitude and commitment to the policy, limited resources, and there is no work standard. The role of regional food security council is not optimal, a lot of institutional barriers, there is no involvement of the community in accessing the programmes and also high politicization of this top down policy. Key Word: Policy, Local Goverment, food security, DecentralizationDesentralisasi merupakan wujud demokratisasi daerah untuk pembangunan. Pembentukan daerah otonom baru (DOB) melahirkan terjadinya alih fungsi lahan dan politisasi masyarakat seperti petani daripada penguatan ketahanan pangan dan penguatan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti kebijakan Kabupaten Sigi dalam hal penguatan ketahanan pangan dan petani. Melalui metode kualitatif dengan mempertemukan pemangku kepentingan (petani, pejabat daerah) melalui diskusi kelompok terfokus dan wawancara mendalam, diketahui bahwa kebijakan masih bersifat formalistik. Tidak ada sosialisasi informasi secara baik, sikap dan komitmen terhadap kebijakan kurang, keterbatasan sumber daya, tidak ada standar kerja. Dewan ketahanan pangan daerah belum optimal, hambatan struktur dan kelembagaan, tidak ada keterlibatan masyarakat dalam mengakses penyusunan program serta tingginya politisasi pada bidang pertanian yang semuanya dikelola secara top down di daerah.

APPLICATION OF THE CASE STUDI METHOD IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF PREPARING THE PROVISOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Nikiforova E.B. ◽  
Davitavyan N.A. ◽  
Shevchenko A.I.
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Educational Technology ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Educational Standard ◽  
Competency Based

The development of the pharmaceutical industry is one of the priority tasks of our state, aimed at providing the population of the Russian Federation with modern safe and effective medicines. The solution to this problem is impossible without the formation of a highly qualified personnel potential that meets the demand and expectations of the pharmaceutical market and society as a whole. In this regard, in the system of training of pharmacists in recent years, quite dynamic and flexible transformations have been taking place, dictated by the urgent needs of domestic health care. It should be noted that in the process of implementing this educational standard, the competency-based approach to organizing the process of training modern pharmacists comes to the fore. One of the effective tools for the formation of professional competencies in various educational fields is the case study method. Case study is a training method based on the analysis of real situations from various areas of professional activity and contributing to the development of specialist competency. The competency-based orientation of the case study method is in line with modern ideas about the organization of the educational process for the training of pharmacists. The case study method is actively used in the process of teaching disciplines of the curriculum of the Federal State Budget Educational Establishment of Higher Education KubGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia, specialty 33.05.01 Pharmacy. Examples of case study tasks as educational technology are presented in the work programs of the curriculum disciplines of the specialty 33.05.01 Pharmacy developed at the Department of Pharmacy. Depending on the content of the taught discipline, these tasks simulate a particular situation from the professional activities of pharmacists, offered to students for a comprehensive analysis and evaluation. The use of this educational technology contributes to the integration of knowledge, skills acquired in the learning process and their competency-based profiling in accordance with the current level of development of domestic health care.

Asian American Dropouts: A Case Study of Vietnamese and Chinese High School Students in a New England Urban School District

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phitsamay Uy
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
New England ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
School Students ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Asian American Student ◽  
K 12

In the world of K–12 education, the growing numbers of dropouts are a major concern. This article examines the dropout rates of Chinese and Vietnamese high school students. Using logistic regression analysis, this article examines the influence of ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) on dropout rates. The distinct contribution of this analysis lies within the intraethnic comparisons within the Asian American student population and its use of longitudinal data. The results of the study support existing research that gender and SES are related to dropout rates. Moreover, an interesting interaction between ethnicity and SES exists.

scholarly journals Exploring the local policy context for reducing health inequalities in children and young people: an in depth qualitative case study of one local authority in the North of England, UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Holding ◽  
Hannah Fairbrother ◽  
Naomi Griffin ◽  
Jonathan Wistow ◽  
Katie Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Inequalities In Health ◽  
The North

Abstract Background Improving children and young people’s (CYP) health and addressing health inequalities are international priorities. Reducing inequalities is particularly pertinent in light of the Covid-19 outbreak which has exacerbated already widening inequalities in health. This study aimed to explore understandings of inequality, the anticipated pathways for reducing inequalities among CYP and key factors affecting the development and implementation of policy to reduce inequalities among CYP at a local level. Methods We carried out a qualitative case study of one local government region in the North of England (UK), comprising semi structured interviews (n = 16) with service providers with a responsibility for child health, non-participant observations of key meetings (n = 6 with 43 participants) where decisions around child health are made, and a local policy documentation review (n = 11). We employed a novel theoretical framework, drawing together different approaches to understanding policy, to guide our design and analysis. Results Participants in our study understood inequalities in CYP health almost exclusively as socioeconomically patterned inequalities in health practices and outcomes. Strategies which participants perceived to reduce inequalities included: preventive support and early intervention, an early years/whole family focus, targeted working in local areas of high deprivation, organisational integration and whole system/place-based approaches. Despite demonstrating a commitment to a social determinants of health approach, efforts to reduce inequalities were described as thwarted by the prevalence of poverty and budget cuts which hindered the ability of local organisations to work together. Participants critiqued national policy which aimed to reduce inequalities in CYP health for failing to recognise local economic disparities and the interrelated nature of the determinants of health. Conclusions Despite increased calls for a ‘whole systems’ approach to reducing inequalities in health, significant barriers to implementation remain. National governments need to work towards more joined up policy making, which takes into consideration regional disparities, allows for flexibility in interpretation and addresses the different and interrelated social determinants of health. Our findings have particular significance in light of Covid-19 and indicate the need for systems level policy responses and a health in all policies approach.

scholarly journals Social Media in and Around a Temporary Large-Scale Refugee Shelter in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630512110249
Author(s):  
Peer Smets ◽  
Younes Younes ◽  
Marinka Dohmen ◽  
Kees Boersma ◽  
Lenie Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Top Down ◽  
And Migration

During the 2015 refugee crisis in Europe, temporary refugee shelters arose in the Netherlands to shelter the large influx of asylum seekers. The largest shelter was located in the eastern part of the country. This shelter, where tents housed nearly 3,000 asylum seekers, was managed with a firm top-down approach. However, many residents of the shelter—mainly Syrians and Eritreans—developed horizontal relations with the local receiving society, using social media to establish contact and exchange services and goods. This case study shows how various types of crisis communication played a role and how the different worlds came together. Connectivity is discussed in relation to inclusion, based on resilient (non-)humanitarian approaches that link society with social media. Moreover, we argue that the refugee crisis can be better understood by looking through the lens of connectivity, practices, and migration infrastructure instead of focusing only on state policies.

scholarly journals Discursive Strategies and Sequenced Institutional Change: The Case of Marriage Equality in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 003232172110205
Author(s):  
Giulia Mariani ◽  
Tània Verge
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Marriage Equality ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
The Status ◽  
Private Actors

Building on historical and discursive institutionalism, this article examines the agent-based dynamics of gradual institutional change. Specifically, using marriage equality in the United States as a case study, we examine how actors’ ideational work enabled them to make use of the political and discursive opportunities afforded by multiple venues to legitimize the process of institutional change to take off sequentially through layering, displacement, and conversion. We also pay special attention to how the discursive strategies deployed by LGBT advocates, religious-conservative organizations and other private actors created new opportunities to influence policy debates and tip the scales to their preferred policy outcome. The sequential perspective adopted in this study allows problematizing traditional conceptualizations of which actors support or contest the status quo, as enduring oppositional dynamics lead them to perform both roles in subsequent phases of the institutional change process.

CSim 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
David Sanan ◽  
Yongwang Zhao ◽  
Shang-Wei Lin ◽  
Liu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Concurrent Systems ◽  
Theorem Prover ◽  
Compositional Techniques ◽  
Machine Code ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Hol Theorem Prover ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree

To make feasible and scalable the verification of large and complex concurrent systems, it is necessary the use of compositional techniques even at the highest abstraction layers. When focusing on the lowest software abstraction layers, such as the implementation or the machine code, the high level of detail of those layers makes the direct verification of properties very difficult and expensive. It is therefore essential to use techniques allowing to simplify the verification on these layers. One technique to tackle this challenge is top-down verification where by means of simulation properties verified on top layers (representing abstract specifications of a system) are propagated down to the lowest layers (that are an implementation of the top layers). There is no need to say that simulation of concurrent systems implies a greater level of complexity, and having compositional techniques to check simulation between layers is also desirable when seeking for both feasibility and scalability of the refinement verification. In this article, we present CSim 2 a (compositional) rely-guarantee-based framework for the top-down verification of complex concurrent systems in the Isabelle/HOL theorem prover. CSim 2 uses CSimpl, a language with a high degree of expressiveness designed for the specification of concurrent programs. Thanks to its expressibility, CSimpl is able to model many of the features found in real world programming languages like exceptions, assertions, and procedures. CSim 2 provides a framework for the verification of rely-guarantee properties to compositionally reason on CSimpl specifications. Focusing on top-down verification, CSim 2 provides a simulation-based framework for the preservation of CSimpl rely-guarantee properties from specifications to implementations. By using the simulation framework, properties proven on the top layers (abstract specifications) are compositionally propagated down to the lowest layers (source or machine code) in each concurrent component of the system. Finally, we show the usability of CSim 2 by running a case study over two CSimpl specifications of an Arinc-653 communication service. In this case study, we prove a complex property on a specification, and we use CSim 2 to preserve the property on lower abstraction layers.

scholarly journals Students' Use of Evidence-Based Reasoning in K-12 Engineering: A Case Study (Fundamental)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Mathis ◽  
Emilie Siverling ◽  
Aran Glancy ◽  
Siddika Guzey ◽  
Tamara Moore
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
K 12
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