Lipid Perxidtion and Antioxidants in Continuous Ambulatory Dialysis Patients

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Taylor ◽  
N. Scott ◽  
A. Bridges ◽  
I.S. Henderson ◽  
W.K. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Renal Dialysis ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective Oxidative cell damage due to the production of free radical species has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease for which dialysis patients are at increased risk. Plasma lipid peroxides (malon-dialdehyde), the antioxidants plasma albumin thiol, and red cell superoxide dismutase (SOD) were therefore measured in 18 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), 20 hemodialysis patients, and 30 normal controls. Setting Renal dialysis unit. Results Malondialdehyde(MDA)concentrationswere significantly higher in dialysis patients compared to controls (p<0.001 ) and were significantly higher in CAPD patients compared to hemodialysis patients, p<0.001 (CAPD, median and range: 11.25 (8.4–15.5) nmol/mL; hemodialysis: 8.75 (7.0–12.6) nmol/mL; controls: 6.65 (5.2–9.6) nmol/mL). Plasma thiol and red cell SOD were significantly lower in dialysis patients compared to controls, but there was no significant difference between CAPD and hemodialysis patients (CAPD thiol: 333.5 (282480) μmol/L; hemodialysis thiol: 344 (203–468) μmol/L; control thiol: 421.5 (351 -504) μmol/L; CAPD SOD: 78.2 (42.4 -112.8) u//2 mL red cells; hemodialysis SOD: 89.4 (44.6–121.1) u//2 mL red cells; control SOD: 96.8 (66.8153.4) u//2 mL red cells). Red cell SOD was significantly negatively correlated with duration of dialysis in CAPD patients (r=-0.683, p<0.01 ). Conclusion In dialysis patients there is indirect evidence for increased free radical activity, which may be further influenced by the mode of dialysis.

P1406A CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON RISK FACTORS OF CALCIPHYLAXIS: DATA FROM CHINESE HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiu Liu ◽  
Xiaotong Xie ◽  
Canlin Yang ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Xiao liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Warfarin Therapy ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Serum Phosphate Level ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and Aims Calciphylaxis (CUA) is a rare but potentially fatal disease that is commonly occurred in dialysis patients. Since there is no data based on Chinese population, the study is aimed to investigate risk factors of CUA in Chinese hemodialysis patients. Method We retrospectively evaluated medical records of 20 hemodialysis patients who were newly diagnosed with CUA by skin biopsy admitted to Zhongda Hospital Southeast University from Oct.2017 to Dec.2018. Non-CUA dialysis patients with the same age and duration of dialysis were randomly selected as controls (Ratio=1:2). Results Most of CUA patients were male (80%) and elderly (55%), while 50% had a body mass index higher than 24. The mean time interval since start of dialysis to CUA diagnosis was 114.65±81.32 months, and the median time from appearance of skin lesion to diagnosis was 6 (2, 15) months. The incidence of hyperparathyroidism was higher in patients with CUA (80% vs 62.5%), but the differences of duration of elevated serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and its highest value were not significant compared with the controls. Warfarin therapy had no significant difference between two groups (15% vs 5%). Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that male (OR 3.619, 95%CI 1.027-12.748), each 1 point increase in score of use of vitamin D and its analogues (OR 1.505, 1.029-2.201), each 1 mmol/L increase in corrected serum calcium level (OR 24.486, 1.570-381.873), each 1 mmol/L increase in serum phosphate level (OR 5.382, 1.767-16.389), each 1 pg/mL increase in iPTH level (OR 1.002, 1.000-1.003), each 1 g/L decline in serum albumin level (OR 1.181, 1.041-1.340), each 1 IU/L increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level (OR 1.005, 1.000-1.009) and each 1 mg/L increase in hypersensitive c-reactive protein level (OR 1.029, 1.000-1.059) were significantly associated with CUA. Serum phosphate, albumin and ALP were still significant risk factors after multivariate analysis. Conclusion This is the first report of risk factors of CUA based on Chinese population. The results show that high levels of serum phosphate and ALP, low level of serum albumin are independent risk factors of CUA in Chinese hemodialysis patients. Unlike previous research from western countries, warfarin therapy didn’t show an increased risk in this study, propably because of the low exposure rate of it in China.

Relationship between hemodialysis patients’ educational level and arteriovenous fistula patency

Vascular ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-608
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgösteren
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
School Graduate ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives Vascular access is a lifeline for the patients who are in need of long-term hemodialysis. Native arteriovenous fistula is the most intensively preferred vascular access method owing to its longevity and convenience of use. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine whether there might be a relationship between hemodialysis patients’ educational levels and arteriovenous fistula patency. Methods A total of 349 patients who were attending in a chronic hemodialysis program between June 2018 and September 2018 at Bursa Uludağ University, Faculty of Medicine Dialysis Unit and in a private dialysis center in İstanbul were included in this study. The patients were grouped into two: those who have had arteriovenous fistula primary failure at least once and those who have never had arteriovenous fistula primary failure. Educational levels of the patients were classified according to Turkish National Education system (illiterate, primary school graduate, secondary school graduate, high school graduate, and university graduate). Mann–Whitney U and Chi-square tests were performed for statistical analyses. Risk factors were determined by applying backward binary logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 349 patients, 161 (46.1%) females and 188 (53.9%) males, were examined retrospectively. The median age of the patients was 64 years (range: 18–90 years). Educational level comparison revealed statistically significant difference in terms of fistula patency ( p = 0.016). In particular, fistula patency was significantly lower in illiterate, primary, secondary, and high school graduates in comparison with university graduates ( p = 0.001, p = 0.015, p = 0.003, and p = 0.018, respectively). When each group of educational level was analyzed separately in terms of fistula patency, it was observed that the higher the educational level was, the lower arteriovenous fistula primary failure rates were. Conclusions In this study, we observed a lower rate of fistula patency in patients with a low level of education. Hence, we are of the opinion that the trainings delivered on arteriovenous fistula care in dialysis centers are required to be shaped in accordance with educational levels of patients.

scholarly journals Near-normal circulatory survival of rabbit red cells exposed to high levels of Ca and ionophore in vitro

Blood ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Bookchin ◽  
EF Jr Roth ◽  
VL Lew
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
L Cells

Abstract The belief is widely held, on the basis of indirect evidence, that a substantial, even brief elevation of red cell Ca content must result in a marked shortening of circulatory survival. To test this notion directly, we exposed rabbit red cells in vitro to the ionophore A23187 and Ca so as to produce sustained uniform cell Ca levels of 40 to 360 mumol/L cells for one to 60 minutes, and compared the survival of the Ca-loaded cells in vivo with that of ionophore-treated controls, simultaneously, in the same rabbits. Despite marked reductions in cell adenosine triphosphate and dehydration of the Ca-exposed cells prior to reinfusion, the majority of cells, all of which had experienced these high cytoplasmic Ca levels, showed normal or near-normal survival in the circulation.

scholarly journals Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers Increases Serum Potassium in Anuric Hemodialysis Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezio Movilli ◽  
Corrado Camerini ◽  
Paola Gaggia ◽  
Roberto Zubani ◽  
Giovanni Cancarini
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
K Value ◽  
Interdialytic Weight Gain ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dialysis Vintage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Hyperkalemia ◽  
The Mean

Background: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are increasingly used in uremic patients (pts). However, their effect on serum potassium (sK) concentrations in anuric pts on chronic hemodialysis treatment (HD) is controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate sK before and after the start of ACEi/ARB therapy. Methods: In the period 1/1/2015 – 31/12/2015, 112 out of 240 prevalent HD pts on thrice weekly HD treatment followed at our institution started the ACEi/ARB therapy. The mean age was 67 ± 14 years, 67/112 were men, dialysis vintage was 6–212 months. In the 3 months before (PRE; N° 36 HD sessions) and after (POST; N° 36 HD sessions) the start of ACEi/ARB therapy, the following variables were evaluated in pre dialysis after the long interdialysis interval: sK (mean of 12 determinations; mmol/L), maximum sK (maximum K value observed during observations; sKmax; mmol/L), serum sodium (sNa; mmol/L), pre dialysis systolic blood pressure (SBP; mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP; mm Hg), body weight (BW; Kg), interdialytic weight gain (IWG; Kg), Kt/V, serum bicarbonate concentrations (sBic; mmol/L), protein catabolic rate (PCRn; g/KgBW/day). SBP, DBP, IWG are the mean of the 24 HD sessions. Out of 112 patients, 102 were on antihypertensive therapy. The duration of HD and blood and dialysate flow rates were kept constant. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Student t test for paired and unpaired data for normally distributed variables, Mann-Whitney test for medians, χ2 test for categorical data were employed to compare groups. A significant difference was defined as p < 0.05. Results: sK increased from 5.0 ± 0.4 mmol/L PRE to 5.7 ± 0.5 mmol/L POST (p < 0.0001). sKmax increased from 5.3 ± 0.5 mmol/L PRE to 6.2 ± 0.6 mmol/L POST (p < 0.0001). The percentage of pts with normal sK concentrations decreased from 82% PRE to 29% POST (p < 0.0001). Mild hyperkalemia increased from 18 to 52% (p < 0.001); in 31% of the patients, it was necessary to reduce the K dialysate concentration. None of the patients had severe hyperkalemia PRE, but 19% developed severe hyperkalemia POST (p < 0.0001) necessitating treatment withdrawal. Mean sK in these pts varied from 5.2 ± 0.3 mmol/L PRE to 6.5 ± 0.2 mmol/L at the moment of withdrawal (p < 0.0001) and sKmax from 5.5 ± mmol/L PRE to 6.9 ± 0.3 mmol/L (p< 0.0001). After withdrawal of ACEi/ARB, sK and sKmax concentrations decreased to basal levels within 1 month. There were no significant changes of BW, IWG, SBP, DBP, Na, Hb, Kt/V, sBic, and PCRn in both periods. Conclusions: ACEi/ARB therapy is associated with an increased risk of hyperkalemia in anuric hemodialysis patients. The proportion of patients with normal sK concentrations decreased from 82 to 29% and with mild hyperkalemia increased from 18 to 52%. Severe hyperkalemia necessitating the interruption of ACEi/ARB therapy developed in 19% of patients. This suggests great caution in the widest utilization of this class of drugs in HD patients.

Variations in the Circulating Heparin Levels During Maintenance Hemodialysis in End Stage Renal Disease Patients

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3412-3412
Author(s):  
Vinod Bansal ◽  
Kristiyana Kaneva ◽  
Debra Hoppensteadt ◽  
Josephine Cunanan ◽  
Jawed Fareed
Keyword(s):  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Functional Assay ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Patient Consent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract Abstract 3412 Introduction: Unfractionated heparin has remained the anticoagulant of choice for hemodialysis patients. The anticoagulation facilitates blood flow through the dialysis circuit and assures the patency of the dialysis membrane. Wide variations in the heparinization responses have been observed in patients undergoing this procedure. The purpose of this investigation was to measure circulating heparin levels in patients prior to and after hemodialysis. Methods: This study included 119 ESRD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis after appropriate IRB approval and patient consent. For the 3–4 hour hemodialysis duration, a heparin loading dose of 1000 Units followed by two additional dosages of 500 Units/hour were administered. Citrated blood samples were collected prior to and immediately after the dialysis session. The blood samples were centrifuged for 15 minutes at 3000 g at 4°C and platelet poor plasma (PPP) was extracted. Citrated plasma was frozen at −70°C and analyzed utilizing such clot based methods as Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Heptest and Prothrombinase Induced Clotting Time (PiCT). Circulating Anti-Xa levels were measured using a chromogenic substrate method. Thromboplastin induced thrombin generation was also measured using a fluorogenic substrate method, Thrombin Generation Assay (TGA). The Antithrombin (AT) levels in each of these patients were also measured using a functional assay. The circulating levels of heparin were determined using a calibration curve constructed from the heparin used in the dialysis unit. Results were computed for the individual tests and heparin concentrations were obtained using the assay based calibration procedures. Results: In the clot based assays such as APTT and Heptest, no significant differences between pre and post plasma samples were noted. The circulating levels of heparin were from 0 to 1.08 U/ml with a mean of 0.07 ± 0.11 for the APTT and a range of 0 to 1.98 for the Heptest with a mean of 0.09 ± 0.26 U/ml. In the PiCT test the range was from 14.0 to 300 seconds for the pre dialysis samples with a mean of 32.0 ± 38.2, whereas for the post samples the range was from 15.2 to 110 with a mean of 29.6 ± 14.0. For the Anti-Xa levels the % inhibition for the two groups was similar. The circulating Anti-Xa levels in the pre dialysis samples ranged from 0 to 0.77 with a mean of 0.10 ± 0.14, whereas the post level ranged from 0 to 0.51 with a mean of 0.13 ± 0.11. For the thrombin generation, the % inhibition levels ranged from 0 to 100% pre dialysis with a mean of 34.2 ± 34% and ranged 0 to 100% post dialysis with a mean of 44.5 ± 34.4%. The Antithrombin levels ranged from 28 to 130% with a mean of 86.6 ± 19.5% in the pre dialysis samples. There was no significant difference between pre and post dialysis samples using APTT, Heptest and PiCT, whereas the Thrombin generation and Anti-Xa resulted in a statistically significant p value < 0.05 when comparing the two groups. Conclusion: Wide variations in circulating heparin levels are noted in maintenance hemodialysis patients at pre dialysis and post dialysis time periods. Some patients exhibit higher levels of heparin due to a vascular access flush. These results also suggest that the use of heparin in maintenance hemodialysis patients in repeated regimen results in a steady state hypocoagulation as evidenced by the inhibition of thrombin generation, circulating Anti-Xa level and the prolongation of various clotting times. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

P6524The comparison of radial artery occlusion rate after distal radial artery puncture between hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Yokota ◽  
K Tobita ◽  
T Hayashi ◽  
Y Mashimo ◽  
H Miyashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Puncture Site ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radial Artery Occlusion ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Distal Radial Artery

Abstract Background In recent years it has been attempted to use a distal radial artery (DRA) as a puncture site for cardiac catheterization and intervention. A patency of radial artery is important in hemodialysis patients because the radial artery is source as an arteriovenous shunt. However, the incidence of radial artery occlusion (RAO) is not known after DRA puncture. Purpose To compare RAO rates after DRA puncture between dialysis and non-dialysis patients. Method This was retrospective, observational and single center study. All consecutive 1,533 patients undergoing DRA puncture were analyzed. The primary endpoint is RAO rates. The secondary endpoint is composite bleeding adverse event rates. These endpoints were evaluated by a vascular echocardiography several hours or the next day after the procedure. Result Among 1,533 patients, 26 were dialysis patients and 1,504 were non-dialysis patients. 1,386 people (90.5%) succeeded in puncture. Radial artery occlusion occurred in 7 patients (0.4%), all of whom were non-dialysis patients. There was no significant difference of RAO rate in dialysis patients and non-dialysis patients. Conclusion When performing DRA puncture, the probability of radial artery occlusion is not higher in dialysis patients than non-dialysis patients. The DRA puncture may be one of the option as puncture site even in dialysis patients.

Assessing the prevalence of malnutrition in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in Kushtia District, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-164
Author(s):  
Hasan Mahfuz Reza ◽  
Suvasish Das Shuvo ◽  
Tanvir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
End Stage

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Design/methodology/approach End-stage renal failure outpatients on hemodialysis were selected using simple random sampling technique from the dialysis unit of Sono Hospital Limited, Kushtia, Bangladesh. The nutritional status of 142 participant, of age 18-65 years, was screened. A direct method of nutritional assessment including anthropometric measurement, biochemical measurement, clinical assessment and dietary method was conducted. A logistic regression was applied to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in hemodialysis patients. Findings In total 69.0 per cent participants were men and 31.0 per cent were women, whereas about 65.5 and 16.9 per cent patients of this study had a BMI of less than 23 kg/m2 and 18.5 kg/m2 (p < 0.05) where malnutrition was significantly prevalent. Mean ± SD hemoglobin level of both men and women participants was below the normal level which might increase the risk of malnutrition (p < 0.05). Of the total number of participants, 97.2 per cent were anemic, 66.9 per cent had anorexia, 63.4 per cent complained of nausea, 58.5 per cent complained of vomiting and 26.1 per cent complained of diarrhea, factors that can increase the risk of malnutrition in hemodialysis patients (p < 0.05). The creatinine and urea levels were higher in both men and women participants (p < 0.05). Results show significant difference in albumin levels among men and women (p < 0.05). The bicarbonate level was lower in both men and women, and the participants were suffering from metabolic acidosis (p < 0.05). About 87.3 per cent participants were taking inadequate amounts of protein which was a significant risk factor of malnutrition in hemodialysis patients (p < 0.01). Originality/value The result shows that renal failure is prevalent more in men than in women. The majority of patients on hemodialysis were at a risk of malnutrition including being underweight. Most of the patients were anemic. Malnutrition is related to low nutrient intake.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein Metabolism Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Abdellah Ali ◽  
Phalisteen Sultan ◽  
Mohamed El-Napoli ◽  
Mohamed Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Chronic Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Cells ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Lipoprotein Metabolism Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Renal InsufficiencyPatients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) on hemodialysis develop lipoprotein abnormalities that may contribute to increased risk for atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess the atherogenic risk of chronic renal insufficiency patients and dialysis treated patients (DTP) by measuring total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and calculating the risk factor ratio: TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C. The examined group consisted of 18 chronic renal insufficiency patients and 60 patients on hemodialysis. The results were compared to a control group of 85 voluntary blood donors. Serum lipid parameters were examined by standard methods. All lipid parameters in hemodialysis patients were statistically different as compared to the control group (p<0.05) while chronic renal insufficiency patients showed significant difference only in triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol. Hypertriglyceridemia was present in both examined groups of patients and HDL-cholesterol was lower within both groups. All calculated atherogenic ratios were higher for patients than the control group. Lipid parameters were compared between chronic renal insufficiency and hemodialysis patients, but statistically significant difference was obtained only for HDL-cholesterol (p<0.05). The increased values of triglycerides and lower HDL-cholesterol in chronic renal insufficiency patients contribute to high incidence of cardiovascular disease. Chronic renal insufficiency patients have impaired reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral cells to lipoproteins, decreased levels of HDL-cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia prevalence of small, dense LDL and increased levels of potentially atherogenic remnant particles.

scholarly journals Internal magnesium, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, and the regulation of the steady-state volume of human red blood cells by the Na/K/2Cl cotransport system.

1992 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Mairbäurl ◽  
J F Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cotransport System ◽  
2,3 Dpg ◽  
In Cells

This study is concerned with the relationship between the Na/K/Cl cotransport system and the steady-state volume (MCV) of red blood cells. Cotransport rate was determined in unfractionated and density-separated red cells of different MCV from different donors to see whether cotransport differences contribute to the difference in the distribution of MCVs. Cotransport, studied in cells at their original MCVs, was determined as the bumetanide (10 microM)-sensitive 22Na efflux in the presence of ouabain (50 microM) after adjusting cellular Na (Nai) and Ki to achieve near maximal transport rates. This condition was chosen to rule out MCV-related differences in Nai and Ki that might contribute to differences in the net chemical driving force for cotransport. We found that in both unfractionated and density-separated red cells the cotransport rate was inversely correlated with MCV. MCV was correlated directly with red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG), whereas total red cell Mg was only slightly elevated in cells with high MCV. Thus intracellular free Mg (Mgifree) is evidently lower in red cells with high 2,3-DPG (i.e., high MCV) and vice versa. Results from flux measurements at their original MCVs, after altering Mgifree with the ionophore A23187, indicated a high Mgi sensitivity of cotransport: depletion of Mgifree inhibited and an elevation of Mgifree increased the cotransport rate. The apparent K0.5 for Mgifree was approximately 0.4 mM. Maximizing Mgifree at optimum Nai and Ki minimized the differences in cotransport rates among the different donors. It is concluded that the relative cotransport rate is regulated for cells in the steady state at their original cell volume, not by the number of copies of the cotransporter but by differences in Mgifree. The interindividual differences in Mgifree, determined primarily by differences in the 2,3-DPG content, are responsible for the differences in the relative cotransport activity that results in an inverse relationship with in vivo differences in MCV. Indirect evidence indicates that the relative cotransport rate, as indexed by Mgifree, is determined by the phosphorylated level of the cotransport system.

scholarly journals Near-normal circulatory survival of rabbit red cells exposed to high levels of Ca and ionophore in vitro

Blood ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
RM Bookchin ◽  
EF Jr Roth ◽  
VL Lew
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
L Cells

The belief is widely held, on the basis of indirect evidence, that a substantial, even brief elevation of red cell Ca content must result in a marked shortening of circulatory survival. To test this notion directly, we exposed rabbit red cells in vitro to the ionophore A23187 and Ca so as to produce sustained uniform cell Ca levels of 40 to 360 mumol/L cells for one to 60 minutes, and compared the survival of the Ca-loaded cells in vivo with that of ionophore-treated controls, simultaneously, in the same rabbits. Despite marked reductions in cell adenosine triphosphate and dehydration of the Ca-exposed cells prior to reinfusion, the majority of cells, all of which had experienced these high cytoplasmic Ca levels, showed normal or near-normal survival in the circulation.

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