Professional Identity and the Determinants of Fundraisers’ Charitable Behavior

This survey-based study ( n = 1,663) addressed charitable behaviors of fundraisers—key arbiters of others’ donations. Our research question was as follows: Are fundraisers’ charitable behaviors related to their professional identity? We found several anticipated differences in giving and volunteering behaviors (and their social determinants) in comparison with the general public and the influence of some fundraising-specific variables. Nearly all the fundraisers gave time and money and were more like one another than the public. On average, they gave more money and donated a higher salary share than the typical household. They volunteered at a higher rate and, excluding outliers, more hours than the average American. We contend that fundraiser charitable behavior and professional identity are interwoven. The professional norms regarding personal philanthropy may also be influenced through the self-selection of the inherently philanthropic into fundraising. Future research should examine formation of fundraiser professional identity and its outcomes more broadly.

Download Full-text

Getting to Hope: Perspectives from Patients and Caregivers Living with Chronic Childhood Illness

Children ◽

10.3390/children8060525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 525

Author(s):

Emily von Scheven ◽

Bhupinder K. Nahal ◽

Rosa Kelekian ◽

Christina Frenzel ◽

Victoria Vanderpoel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Model ◽

Research Question ◽

Young Patients ◽

Future Research ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Virtual Focus Groups ◽

Definition Of ◽

Selection Of ◽

Chronic Childhood ◽

Research Studies

Promoting hope was identified in our prior work as the top priority research question among patients and caregivers with diverse childhood-onset chronic conditions. Here, we aimed to construct a conceptual model to guide future research studies of interventions to improve hope. We conducted eight monthly virtual focus groups and one virtual workshop with patients, caregivers, and researchers to explore key constructs to inform the model. Discussions were facilitated by Patient Co-Investigators. Participants developed a definition of hope and identified promotors and inhibitors that influence the experience of hope. We utilized qualitative methods to analyze findings and organize the promotors and inhibitors of hope within three strata of the socio-ecologic framework: structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Participants identified three types of interventions to promote hope: resources, navigation, and activities to promote social connection. The hope conceptual model can be used to inform the selection of interventions to assess in future research studies aimed at improving hope and the specification of outcome measures to include in hope research studies. Inclusion of the health care system in the model provides direction for identifying strategies for improving the system and places responsibility on the system to do better to promote hope among young patients with chronic illness and their caregivers.

Download Full-text

The Lexicon of Public Sector Reform in New Zealand 1984 - 1994

10.26686/wgtn.16993048 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Katherine Jane Quigley

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Public Sector ◽

Figurative Language ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Future Research ◽

Economic Changes ◽

Revolutionary Era ◽

The Public ◽

Google Search ◽

Selection Of

<p>This is a study of the lexical effects on New Zealand English of the legal, social and economic changes brought about by the fourth Labour government and its successor during the decade from 1984 - 1994, during which period the New Zealand public sector was radically reformed. In order to carry out this study a corpus of approximately five million written words was compiled, consisting of three parallel sets of documents from four domains of use in the public sector. Chapter One provides the rationale for scoping the study both to this particular ten-year period and to the lexis of four particular government departments, namely The Treasury and the Ministries of Social Welfare, Health and Education. A review of previous related work in the field of lexicography, and the aims and specific research questions which motivated the study, are located at the end of this first chapter. Chapter Two explains the reasons behind the selection of three particular documents for use as data sources: the Annual Reports, the annual Corporate Plans, and the triennial Briefings to the Incoming Government. This chapter also describes the methodology used to determine words for inclusion in the glossary which is located in Appendix I. The advantages and pitfalls of the Google search method are discussed, as are the approaches taken to dealing with multiword units, proper nouns, abbreviations and words of Maori origin. The construction and arrangement of the glossary are explained here, including the basis for selection of citations. In Chapter Three an overview of each ministry's dataset is given in terms of its linguistic characteristics, and the results of the study are described. The penultimate chapter catalogues the discovery of a rich vein of figurative language throughout the documents of the New Zealand Treasury, as evidenced by varied and extended metaphors used to express economic concepts. This chapter gives a brief account of metaphor theory and discusses the methodology used for identification of metaphors in the dataset. The fifth and final chapter of this study sums up the overall findings and points the way towards useful future research in this field. A major part of this study consists of the aforementioned lexicon in Appendix I of New Zealand-specific words from these domains and their illustrative citations. This lexicon is a record of the NZE words used in a particular dataset in the public sector of New Zealand. It amounts to approximately 260 entries supported by 660 citations, which were collected via an exhaustive data search of three types of government document over one decade. These terms are not new in the sense that they first appeared in NZE during the decade of this study, but approximately two-thirds of them are new in the sense that they do not appear in any dictionary of English. This collection of terms constitutes a cultural and historical archive, which records the distinctive identity of New Zealand's public sector as it underwent a revolutionary era of profound political and economic change.</p>

Download Full-text

A Statistical Review of the Evidence for the Existence of Temporary Selection

Journal of the Institute of Actuaries ◽

10.1017/s0020268100037987 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 165-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hilary L. Seal

Keyword(s):

The Self ◽

Classical View ◽

Statistical Review ◽

Self Selection ◽

Initial Selection ◽

Selection Of

The theory of ‘temporary selection’ is concerned with the variation, for fixed x, of q[x–t]+t the observed rate of mortality at age x during the t+1th year after the issue of an assurance or annuity contract. The classical view is that—apart from chance variations—q[x–t]+t increases gradually with increasing t until the effects of selection have disappeared after which time q[xx–t]+t is a constant depending on x only.Various reasons have been suggested for the persistence of temporary selection in an observed series of values of q[xx–t]+t. The chief of these are:(1) The continuing effects of an initial selection on the part of the assurance company or by the annuitant (Morgan, 1834);(2) The gradual withdrawal from assurance of healthy lives (Higham, 1851); and(3) Secular improvements in medicals election or in the self-selection of annuitants (Karup, 1903).

Download Full-text

Unintended Effects of Anonymous Résumés

American Economic Journal Applied Economics ◽

10.1257/app.20140185 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 1-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Luc Behaghel ◽

Bruno Crépon ◽

Thomas Le Barbanchon

Keyword(s):

The Self ◽

Experimental Program ◽

Unintended Effects ◽

Public Employment ◽

Employment Service ◽

Public Employment Service ◽

Self Selection ◽

To Receive ◽

Selection Of

We evaluate an experimental program in which the French public employment service anonymized résumés for firms that were hiring. Firms were free to participate or not; participating firms were then randomly assigned to receive either anonymous résumés or name-bearing ones. We find that participating firms become less likely to interview and hire minority candidates when receiving anonymous résumés. We show how these unexpected results can be explained by the self-selection of firms into the program and by the fact that anonymization prevents the attenuation of negative signals when the candidate belongs to a minority. (JEL J15, J68, J71)

Download Full-text

Testing the self-selection theory in high corruption environments: evidence from African SMEs

International Marketing Review ◽

10.1108/imr-03-2017-0054 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 733-759 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Emanuel Gomes ◽

Ferran Vendrell-Herrero ◽

Kamel Mellahi ◽

Duncan Angwin ◽

Carlos M.P. Sousa

Keyword(s):

Developing Economies ◽

The Self ◽

Future Research ◽

African Countries ◽

Firm Level ◽

Content Type ◽

Selection Theory ◽

Self Selection ◽

Cluster Networks ◽

Strategic Factors

Purpose Whilst substantial evidence from low-corruption, developed market environments supports the view that more productive firms are more likely to export, there has been little research into analysing the link between productivity and exports in high corruption, developing market environments. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to test the premise of self-selection theory whether the association between productivity and export is maintained in high-corruption environments, and second to identify other variables explaining export activity in high-corruption contexts, including cluster networks and firms’ competences. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on the World Bank Enterprise survey to undertake a cross-section analysis including 1,233 small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located in nine African countries. The advantage of this database is that it contains information about the level of perceived corruption at firm level. Logistic regressions are performed for the full sample and for subsamples of firms in high- and low-corruption environments. Findings The findings demonstrate that the self-selection theory only applies to low-corruption environments, whereas in high-corruption environments, alternative factors such as cluster networks and outward-looking competences (OLC) exert a stronger influence on the exporting activity of African SMEs. Research limitations/implications This research contributes to the theory as it provides evidence that contradicts the validity of self-selection theory in high-corruption environments. The findings would benefit from further longitudinal investigation. Practical implications African SMEs need to consider cluster networks and OLC as important strategic factors that might enhance their international competitiveness. Originality/value The criticism of the self-selection theory is distinctive in the literature and has important implications for future research. The authors show that the contextualisation of existing theories matters and this opens a research avenue for further more sensitive contextualisation of existing theories in developing economies.

Download Full-text

Gifting technologies (originally published in December 2004)

First Monday ◽

10.5210/fm.v0i0.1457 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin McGee ◽

Jörgen Skågeby

Keyword(s):

Research Question ◽

Initial Study ◽

Future Research ◽

Publicly Funded ◽

Special Issue ◽

The Public ◽

Study Results ◽

The Relationship ◽

Public Oversight ◽

Important Research Question

This paper is included in the First Monday Special Issue: Music and the Internet, published in July 2005. Special Issue editor David Beer asked authors to submit additional comments regarding their articles. When we were asked to specify the licensing terms for publishing our article, the issue of gifting suddenly seemed personal: as authors of a research paper on gifting, we had to ask ourselves and each other some hard questions about gifting our own work. In an earlier day, the issues were somewhat simpler. Copyright was not automatically bestowed on all published works, the term of copyright wasn't a moving target, and the results of publicly-funded research were typically assumed to belong to the public. Although we have decided to explicitly gift our paper into the public domain, we each initially had different responses to the licensing question -- and the ensuing discussions revealed a number of different assumptions, beliefs, hopes and expectations. In this sense, it probably parallels many of the current debates worldwide about the relationship between public interest and copyright, trademarks, and patents. Hopefully, the larger debates can occur with due public oversight, representation, and accountability. In this sense, the debates and their consequences are personal for all of us. File–sharing has become very popular in recent years, but for many this has become synonymous with file–getting. However, there is strong evidence to suggest that people have strong giving (or gifting) needs. This evidence suggests an opportunity for the development of gifting technologies — and it also suggests an important research question and challenge: what needs and concerns do gifters have and what technologies can be developed to help them? In this paper, we discuss the existing literature on gifting, report on an initial study of gifting in an online sharing community, and suggest some ways the study results can inform future research into gifting desires — as well as the design of specific gifting technologies.

Download Full-text

The Self Selection of Complexity in Choice Experiments

American Journal of Agricultural Economics ◽

10.1093/ajae/aas015 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 786-800 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michael Burton ◽

Dan Rigby

Keyword(s):

Choice Experiments ◽

The Self ◽

Self Selection ◽

Selection Of

Download Full-text

An examination of ecopreneurs’ incentives through a combination between institutional and resource-based approach

Management of Environmental Quality An International Journal ◽

10.1108/meq-01-2017-0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 195-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ioannis E. Nikolaou ◽

Konstantinos P. Tsagarakis ◽

Kyriaki Tasopoulou

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Service Sector ◽

Research Question ◽

Critical Role ◽

Sample Selection ◽

Future Research ◽

Key Factors ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Content Type ◽

Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address two research questions: which are the key factors that stimulate entrepreneurs to invest in ecopreneurship, and how ecopreneurhsip contributes to environmental sustainability. Design/methodology/approach To answer these questions, a framework has been developed to identify the incentives that lead entrepreneurs to invest in firms in the ecopreneurship through institutional and resource-based thinking. Findings From a survey of 91 Greek firms from the green service sector, it is shown that some specific institutional and resource-based view factors play a critical role in green entrepreneurs’ decisions, as well as some certain environmental practices that are frequently used by entrepreneurs to address environmental issues. Research limitations/implications First, the answer of the second research question through data collected by a questionnaire survey may be faced with skepticism by some authors, as it could be seen that entrepreneurs and managers of firms could have overstated their company's environmental activities. Second, although the sample selection of 91 firms is a representative sample (response rate 12.35 percent) of the total population of Greek green firms (761) and equal to other relative studies, a higher number of firms and a wider variety of green entrepreneurship ventures is necessary in future research. Practical implications The findings are useful for scholars, practitioners and policy makers since it provide information regarding the behavior of green entrepreneurs. Originality/value The paper analyze the types of green entrepreneurs in relation to the different features and strategies which are emerged from two theories, such as institutional and resource-based theory.

Download Full-text