scholarly journals Effect of ballast retaining walls on the lateral resistance of railway tracks

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440972093017
Author(s):  
P Aela ◽  
WL Jia ◽  
GQ Jing
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Railway Tracks ◽  
Lateral Resistance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Optimum Width

In this study, the application of a retaining wall was proposed as a solution for reducing the lateral displacement of the ballast layer, particularly in sharp curves and bridges. In this regard, a series of single tie push tests were performed on panels with shoulder ballast widths of 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm with and without the presence of L-shaped and T-shaped retaining walls. Overall, it was proven that the application of an L-shaped wall led to a 15.8% increase in the lateral resistance, and that T-shaped walls have a higher impact on the stability of the track. A shoulder width of 400 mm was proposed as the optimum width for ballasted tracks with retaining walls.

scholarly journals Influence of parameters of retaining walls and loose soils on the stability of slopes in the new construction of residential complexes

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Skochko ◽  
Viktor Nosenko ◽  
Vasyl Pidlutskyi ◽  
Oleksandr Gavryliuk
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Slope Stability ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Stability Of Slopes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stage 1

The stability of the slope in the existing and design provisions is investigated, the constructive decisions of retaining walls on protection of the territory of construction of a residential complex in a zone of a slope are substantiated. The stability of the slope when using rational landslide structures is estimated. The results of the calculation of the slope stability for five characteristic sections on the basis of engineering-geological survey are analyzed. For each of the given sections the finite-element scheme according to the last data on change of a relief is created. The slope was formed artificially by filling the existing ravine with construction debris from the demolition of old houses and from the excavation of ditches for the first houses of the complex. Five sections along the slope are considered and its stability in the natural state and design positions is determined. Also the constructive decisions of retaining walls on protection of the territory of construction of a residential complex as along the slope there are bulk soils with various difference of heights are substantiated. This requires a separate approach to the choice of parameters of retaining walls, namely the dimensions of the piles and their mutual placement, as well as the choice of the angle of the bulk soil along the slope. The calculations were performed using numerical simulation of the stress-strain state of the system "slope soils-retaining wall" using the finite element method. An elastic-plastic model of soil deformation with a change in soil parameters (deformation module) depending on the level of stresses in the soil is adopted. Hardening soil model (HSM) used. Calculations of slope stability involve taking into account the technological sequence of erection of retaining walls and modeling of the phased development of the pit. The simulation was performed in several stages: Stage 1 - determination of stresses from the own shaft, Stage 2 - assessment of slope stability before construction, Stage 3 - installation of retaining wall piles, Stage 4 - assessment of slope stability after landslides. Based on these studies, practical recommendations were developed for the design of each section of the retaining wall in accordance with the characteristic cross-sections.

scholarly journals DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL USING ALTERNATIVE GABION AND RETAINING WALLS OF CANTILEVER TYPE ON SLOPE OPEN SPACE GREEN JL. KINIBALU BANJARBARU

CERUCUK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Adelina Melati Sukma
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Stability Calculation ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
The Stability

On the construction of green open space Jl. Kinibalu Banjarbaru There is a 6 meters tall slope beneath which the river is lined up during the rainy season and makes the slope exposed by water plus the absence of load or traffic on it make the pore figures on the land is large. Therefore, for protection reason, there is a soil alignment in the construction of soil retaining walls. The planned ground retaining wall type is cantilever and gabion. The stability analysis of the ground retaining walls is done manually and with the help of the Geoslope/W 2018 software. The value of the stability of the style against the bolsters, sliding, and carrying capacity of the soil using manual calculations for cantilever type and Netlon qualifies SNI 8460:2017. And for the overall stability calculation using Geoslope/W 2018 software obtained safety factor (SF) > 1.5. From the analysis, the design of planning can be used because it is safe against the dangers of avalanche.

scholarly journals Review on “Assessment of the effect of lateral dynamic forces on rcc cantilever l-shaped and t-shaped retaining wall with height variations”

2021 ◽  
Vol 1197 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
Jayesh Harode ◽  
Kuldeep Dabhekar ◽  
P.Y. Pawade ◽  
Isha Khedikar
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Dynamic Forces ◽  
Present Design ◽  
Cantilever Retaining Walls ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Manual Calculation

Abstract It is now becoming very essential to analyse the behaviour of retaining structures due to their wide infrastructural applications. The important factors which are affecting the stability of the retaining wall are the distribution of earth pressure on the wall, material of backfill & its reaction against earth pressure. There are several types of retaining walls, out of them the cantilever retaining wall is adopted for present design and study. In this paper, the study of literature based on the design of the cantilever retaining walls under seismic or dynamic conditions is studied. From the studied literature, many authors performed their calculations in Excel sheets by a manual method. Then the Results obtained from the manual calculation are then validated in STAAD pro. Several authors show the calculated quantity of steel and concrete required for various heights of walls. It is also concluded from the study that the design of cantilever retaining wall is suitable, safe, and economical up to a height of 6m, after that banding moment at toe increases. Some authors have also shown the calculated factor of safety for different height conditions. From the study of mentioned literature, we can recommended to also show the graph of bending moment with height variation. Both the designs are done for various heights ranging from 3 m to 6 m.

scholarly journals Dynamic Numerical Analysis of Displacement Restraining Effect of Inclined Earth-Retaining Structure during Embankment Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Won Son ◽  
Minsu Seo ◽  
Jong-Chul Im ◽  
Jae-Won Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Front Wall ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Excavation Process ◽  
The Stability

Retaining walls are generally used for temporary installations during the excavation process of a construction project. They are also utilized to construct embankments in order to extend a railway facility. In this case, a retaining wall is installed during the construction process and contributes to the resistance of large amounts of stress, including the railway load. However, it is generally difficult to retain walls to maintain their stability. Therefore, alternative construction methods, such as the use of an inclined earth-retaining wall, have been utilized to suppress the lateral displacement. The stability is verified in advance through field tests; however, the maximum stress acting on the railway is thought to be the concentrated railway load. In this study, a two-dimensional numerical analysis was conducted by changing the railway load to a dynamic load. The analysis was applied according to the number of H-piles of the same length (10 m) when only the front wall was installed and when a back support was also applied. It was determined that the lateral displacement of the latter case is smaller than that of the former, whereas the resistance to dynamic loading of the former case is greater.

Seismic Strengthening Methods and Analysis of Instability of Gravity Retaining Walls

2014 ◽  
Vol 971-973 ◽  
pp. 2141-2146
Author(s):  
Tian Zhong Ma ◽  
Yan Peng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Safety Factor ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Seismic Strengthening ◽  
Gravity Retaining Wall ◽  
Overturning Stability ◽  
The Stability

Using the frame supporting structure of pre-stressed anchor bolt seismic strengthening technology reinforced the instability of gravity retaining wall. Earth pressure of retaining wall in seismic reinforcement after shall take between active and static earth pressure for the form of the distribution . In this paper, based on the limit equilibrium theory, and the whole stability for retaining walls is analysis, the theoretical formula of the stability safety factor between stability against slope and overturning safety factor is derived. By calculation and comparative analysis with an example, the stability safety factor of gravity retaining wall with introducing this strengthening technology is improved obviously. Keywords: frame anchor structure; seismic strengthening; anti-slip and anti-overturning; stability coefficient;

The Influence of Different Resistance on Stability of Curve Jointless Line

2013 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Jun Bin Yang ◽  
Feng Dai ◽  
Xue Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Lateral Resistance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Curve Radius ◽  
Allowable Temperature

To study the influence of different resistances on curve jointless line with allowable temperature rise, three kinds of finite element models are established by ANSYS to calculate the allowable temperature rise respectively with 2mm lateral displacement in five different curve jointless lines when both longitudinal and lateral resistance are nonlinear. And then we compare the results of three finite element models with that of wavelength equal model. It is shown that the effect of resistance on the allowable temperature rise of curve jointless lines goes less as the curve radius becomes longer. These 3 finite element models can be adopted to analyze stability of curve jointless lines. Considering the difficulty in model and computational efficiency, the second model in the thesis is highly recommended when analyzing the stability of curve jointless lines.

scholarly journals ANALISIS STABILITAS DAN PERKUATAN LERENG MENGGUNAKAN PLAXIS2D DI DESA SUKARESMI, SUKABUMI, JAWA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A'isyah Salimah ◽  
Muhammad Fathur Rouf Hasan ◽  
Suripto Suripto ◽  
Yelvi Yelvi ◽  
Imam H Sasongko
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Base Transceiver Station ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Permukaan tanah tidak semua berbentuk bidang datar, namun memiliki perbedaan ketinggian dan kemiringan pada setiap daerah. Perbedaan ketinggian tanah mampu mengakitbatkan terjadinya pergerakan tanah yaitu longsor. Keberadaan bangunan base transceiver station (BTS) tower di Desa Sukaresmi, Cisaat, Sukabumi yang berada pada daerah lereng curam dengan kondisi retaining wall dan pagar dalam keadaan retak dan mengalami penurunan tanah menjadi salah satu faktor yang mengancam keselamatan. Untuk mengantisipasi dampak kerusakan lingkungan bertambah parah dibutuhkan penanganan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis stabilitas dan perkuatan lereng menggunakan software Plaxis2D. Adapun metode penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan investigasi lapangan secara langsung, pengujian laboratorium, analisis stabilitas perkuatan lereng dengan software Plaxis2D serta rekomendasi perbaikan drainase. Upaya perkuatan lereng dengan mengganti dan memperdalam retaining wall existing. Hasil perkuatan lereng dapat meningkatkan nilai safety factor menjadi 1,369, nilai ini lebih besar dari safety factor existing sebesar 1,302. Kata kunci: cisaat, longsor, Plaxis2D, stabilitas lereng. The soil surface is believed to have differences in height and slope in each region. The different elevation could cause land movements namely landslides. The existence of tower base transceiver station (BTS) buildings in Sukaresmi Village, Cisaat,  Sukabumi on a deep slope area with cracked retaining walls and fences condition which experienced settlement is one of the factors that threaten safety. To anticipate the impact of environmental damage getting worse requires special handling. The aim  of this study is to analyze the stability and slope reinforcement using Plaxis2D software. The research method is carried out by conducting direct field investigations, laboratory tests, reinforced slope stability analysis with Plaxis2D software and drainage refinement recommendations. Countermeasures to strengthen the slope are done by replacing and deepening the existing retaining wall. The result of this measure is the increase of the safety factor value to 1,369, this value is greater than the value of the existing safety factor of 1,302. Keywords : cisaat, landslide, Plaxis2D, slope stability.

scholarly journals Stability of Anchored Retaining Walls Under Seismic Loading Conditions to Obtain Minimal Anchor Lengths Using The Improved Failure Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-233
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Benamara ◽  
Ammar Rouaiguia ◽  
Messaouda Bencheikh
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Failure Model ◽  
New Model ◽  
Anchor Length ◽  
Earth Pressures ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Minimum Safety Factor

Abstract Anchored retaining walls are structures designed to support different loading applied in static and dynamic cases. The purpose of this work is to design and study the stability of an anchored retaining wall loaded with different seismic actions to obtain minimal anchor lengths. Mononobe-Okabe theory has been applied for the evaluation of seismic earth pressures developed behind the anchored wall. Checking the dynamic stability of anchored retaining walls is usually done using the classic Kranz model. To take into consideration the effects of the internal forces developed during failure, we have proposed a new model, based on the Kranz model, which will be used as the Kranz model to find the critical angle failure performed iteratively until the required horizontal anchor length is reached for a minimum safety factor. The results of this study confirm that the effect of the seismic load on the design of an anchored retaining wall, and its stability, has a considerable influence on the estimation of anchor lengths. To validate the modifications made to the new model, a numerical analysis was carried out using the Plaxis 2D software. The interpretation of the obtained results may provide more detailed explanation on the effect of seismic intensities for the design of anchored retaining walls.

scholarly journals ENSURING THE STABILITY OF RETAINED WALLS IN SEISMIC AREAS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE BACKFILL SOIL CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 284-288
Author(s):  
Zh.S. Bekbolotova ◽  
S.V. Krylova ◽  
R.D. Tokoev
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformations ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Coupling Effects ◽  
Soil Stiffness ◽  
Backfill Soil ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
The Stability

During earthquakes retaining walls are exposed to combined action. The retaining walls in seismic areas must account for the displacements, for resistance to failure in bearing, sliding and overturning. Research model have to estimate to dynamic the combined action of sliding and rocking and takes into consideration, non-linear soil stiffness in sliding, and rocking, geometrical and material damping in sliding, and rocking, and coupling effects. The calculation of the retaining wall is given, the design and the method of strengthening the structure at large deformations are shown.

Study on the Role of Geogrid-Reinforced for Fly Ash Retaining Wall Basing on the Analysis of FLAC3D

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 599-603
Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
Yong Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Geogrid-reinforced retaining wall is widely used in civil engineering, the role of geogrid reinforcement and the calculations of reinforcement material in the retaining wall design need further refinement.This paper analyzes the fly ash retaining wall with and without reinforcement by using finite element software of FLAC3D,studys the impact of geogrid-reinforced function on the stability of fly ash retaining wall ,gets the design parameters of geogrid-reinforced fly ash retaining wall.The numerical results show that: the fly ash retaining walls' safety factor is lower when its height is greater than 6m,reinforcement is needed for fly ash retaining wall to improve its safety factor to ensure the stability of retaining wall.Simulate and analyze the 8m high geogrid reinforced fly ash retaining wall,the results show that: increasing the reinforcement spacing can increase the lateral and vertical displacement of geogrid reinforced fly ash retaining wall, the maximum vertical displacement of retaining wall is in the upper wall,maximum lateral displacement occurs in the lower parts of the retaining wall;the reasonable distance of 8m high fly ash retaining wall is 0.8m.

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