CD-ROM in Developing Countries: A UNESCO Perspective

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Abid ◽  
Denise Pélissier
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cooperative Network ◽  
Clearing House ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Parts

UNESCO set up a Clearing House in 1992 to promote and disseminate the information it gathers and to create new information sources corresponding to the needs of Member States. A survey of needs showed a strong demand for CD-ROMs, and the success of a prototype, UNESCO Databases, encouraged it to prepare a new edition and plan two more CD-ROMs, Index Translationum and World Heritage. Another programme involves the CD-ROMs of full text as a means of helping less developed countries to obtain affordable economic access to literature. An agreement has been reached with ADONIS whereby free subscriptions to the ADONIS discs for 1991 and 1992 are given to ten selected institutions in Africa, the Arab states, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean. A further initiative is the joint ICSU/UNESCO International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications, a cooperative network of donors and recipients. Training workshops are also being held in different parts of the world, and an inventory of CD-ROM in developing countries is being prepared.

scholarly journals Cloud Computing in Education in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten Karim ◽  
Giselle Rampersad
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
Cloud Computing Adoption ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Set Up

The main advantage of cloud computing is to reduce the IT cost. By using cloud computing, organisations do not have to set up an IT infrastructure, and instead are able to rent resources and give payment only for the using services. Even with the appealing of cloud computing benefits, it is still in infancy in developing countries due to many reasons. Technology adoption has been explored to a limited degree in developing countries, particularly in relation to cloud computing in the tertiary education sector. Existing studies have examined technology adoption in developed countries and to a lesser extent in developing countries in non-education contexts such as e-government. This paper contributes to the cloud computing adoption literature in developing countries, and specifically in Saudi Arabian universities. 

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Analysis of Global COVID-19 Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Shaheer Ahmed ◽  
◽  
Usama Waqar ◽  
Kantesh Kumar Lohana ◽  
Daniyal Ali Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Citation Count ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
H Index ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has influenced all continents, prompting extraordinary efforts on worldwide research and publications to alleviate the crisis. Methods: We conducted a bibliometric review using Scopus to assess its impact on global scientific production. We searched for the following terms in titles, abstracts, and keywords to identify relevant literature published until 9th January 2021: 2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, coronavirus disease-19, coronavirus disease 2019. Results: Our results retrieved 86,624 documents from 159 countries with the USA, China, and UK being the top three contributors. Overall citation count was 769,811 with documents from China being cited most. In terms of h-index, China, USA, and UK ranked highest respectively. Conclusion: Most publications were associated with developed countries that were hit the earliest and/or hardest. This impact on scientific publications was less pronounced in developing countries like Pakistan, highlighting the immediate need to support and facilitate research on COVID-19 in these countries. Keywords: COVID-19, Research, Bibliometric analysis, Publications, SARS-CoV-2, Developing countries, Research and development.

scholarly journals Matching Students’ Dominant Intelligences with their Fields of Specialization: Did Students Select the Right Specialization?

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-73
Author(s):  
Faten Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Advocacy Organizations ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Comprehensive Reference

Accreditation is a fundamental part in primary healthcare (PHC) systems. The purpose behind this paper is to review the literature and track down the most appropriate PHC accreditation models and norms, around the world, and to set up a complete and fair outline from looking at these models. Finding that it is less likely to be independent, and more likely to be associated with government for the accreditation programs in developing countries, where they are distinguishable from those of developed countries, the differences between countries and agencies relate to the inclusion of patients/users, managers, patient or advocacy organizations, academic organizations and professional colleges. This review has identified that the most potential comprehensive reference program or model for the development of nation accreditation programs is the JCAHO program.

scholarly journals Counterfeit medicines

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Arlinda Haxhiu ◽  
Jasmina Tonic – Ribarska ◽  
Suzana Trajkovic – Jolevska
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Counterfeit Drugs ◽  
Counterfeit Medicines ◽  
Counterfeit Medicine ◽  
Entire World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Different Parts

The occurrence of counterfeit medicines is a constantly growing problem which poses a serious threat to public health in the global. They distinguish from other products because they can harm patients and have fatal consequences. World Health Organization (WHO) assesses this as a serious problem and it take an active part in activities and steps in combating this phenomenon. WHO defines counterfeit medicines as: “deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity and/or source “. WHO estimated that counterfeit drugs account for more than 10% of the global medicines market. Recently those numbers have been updated, and now WHO states that is preferable not to refer to one number for the entire world, but rather to see the specific circumstances in the different parts of the world.Countefeit medicines have been perceived mainly as a problem for developing countries, but through the recent years counterfeit drugs have been found in the developed countries as well. According the data, the problem of counterfeit drugs is known to involve both developed and developing countries. But generally, problem of counterfeit medicines is much more serious in countries with lack legislation, regulatory gaps, weak enforcement and penal sanction. In this paper is presented an overview on the problem of counterfeit medicines, were identifying the factors that are contributing on this problem, were specify types of counterfeit medicine and given overview of activities undertaken to combat this worldwide problem.

P.R. Brahmananda. Growth/ess Inflation by Means of Stockless Money: A New Classical Treatise on Rising Prices. Bombay: Himalaya Publishing House. 1981. pp.xvi+471. Price: Rs.9S.00.

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Faiz Bilquees
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Developed Countries

Traditionally inflation has been seen as a purely economic problem. In recent years studies have emphasized that the present day inflation is more than an economic problem. It has deep roots in the political and social systems which have strong connections with the economic mechanism of society. Inflation is analysed and conceptualized as :I problem in political economy. It is a worldwide phenomenon but it has become most pertinent in the case of developing countries where the socio-economic fabric of the society is far removed from that of the developed countries on whose experience the prevalent economic theories of inflation are based. As such when the theories completely divorced from reality are applied in the developing economies they aggravate the situation further. The book under review is free from this blemish as it examines the problem of inflation with reference to the socio-economic and political set-up of the developing countries in general and to the Indian situation in particular.

Study the Heat Sink Potential of Building Ground Floor Slab Integrated with ELT

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Abu Eusuf
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Tyre Waste ◽  
Set Up

The aim of this paper is to investigate the heat sink properties of ELT (end-of-life tyres) waste. A hazardous waste, ELT or massive scraped tyre waste created environmental load to the local environment. Today, when researchers think of the environmental impacts of tyres, they mostly focus on the management of tyres at the end of their useful lives. From Global perspective it is found that one billion tyres reach the end of their useful lives annually, out of which about four billion ELTs are currently in landfills and as stockpiles worldwide. Study revealed that most of the developing countries currently are not experienced with the disposal method of ELT. Besides, developed countries from Europe, USA, Japan and Singapore have framed specific law or regulation to the disposal of ELT. Recently it is obvious that should find out alternative ways as to reduce the load of massive ELT waste. Furthermore, this study has been designed to manage ELTs massive waste, experimentally. Due to fact that this research followed by an effective experimental set up to observe the real phenomena of ELT for passive cooling in hot humid and tropical climate and make comparison with conventional construction materials and systems.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Drivers Affecting the Implementation of Environmental Management System in Indian Automotive Industries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4559-4565
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Management System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Societal Pressure ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Set Up

Due to various government regulations and many other environmental related problems industries have to focus on these issues if they want to make business in the competitive market. Implementation and certification of Environmental Management System (EMS) is very important for industries as it will help to remove many environmental related issues and for sustainable development. Environmental related issues play different role in developed and developing countries. Developed countries have set up their own environmental standards and regulations which should be fulfilled by industries of other countries to have business with them. Regulatory pressure play important role to save environment but other factors like customer awareness, competitor’s pressure, societal pressure etc. are also important. Environmental issues related to automotive sectors need appropriate investigations in developing countries. Various drivers which create pressure on companies to adopt EMS practices are identified by extensive literature review which is the main objective of this paper. It includes providing a background on related concepts, literature review on various environment related issues and the concluding remarks for this review to save environment to some extent.

scholarly journals Matching Students’ Dominant Intelligences with their Fields of Specialization: Did Students Select the Right Specialization?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-73
Author(s):  
Faten Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Advocacy Organizations ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Comprehensive Reference

Accreditation is a fundamental part in primary healthcare (PHC) systems. The purpose behind this paper is to review the literature and track down the most appropriate PHC accreditation models and norms, around the world, and to set up a complete and fair outline from looking at these models. Finding that it is less likely to be independent, and more likely to be associated with government for the accreditation programs in developing countries, where they are distinguishable from those of developed countries, the differences between countries and agencies relate to the inclusion of patients/users, managers, patient or advocacy organizations, academic organizations and professional colleges. This review has identified that the most potential comprehensive reference program or model for the development of nation accreditation programs is the JCAHO program.

Gastroenteritis

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 461-471
Author(s):  
Robert S. Northrup ◽  
Timothy P. Flanigan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Persistent Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Us

Diarrheal disease is so common and so often short-lived and apparently benign that neither physicians nor parents may give it the attention it deserves. Unfortunately, this lack of concern plays an important role in the high mortality rate from diarrhea among children in developing countries. It also contributes to the high numbers and costs of hospitalizations for diarrhea in the United States. This review focuses on acute infectious diarrhea and on persistent diarrhea. These two conditions begin similarly, but persistent diarrhea by definition persists for longer than 14 days. It emphasizes appropriate management, particularly oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and current recommendations regarding feeding during diarrhea, and addresses new information about pathogens that cause both acute and persistent diarrhea. Although ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and other causes of chronic diarrhea must be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute or persistent diarrhea, a thorough discussion of chronic diarrhea is beyond the scope of this article. Information from developing countries as well as from the US and other developed countries is included. Epidemiology Gastroenteritis, both acute and persistent, may occur as often as 15 times per year in a child, although rates of 3 to 5 episodes annually are seen more commonly in most developing countries.

scholarly journals International river environment education that combines simulations with specimens from different times and regions

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Shigeki Mayama ◽  
Matt Julius ◽  
Karthick Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Science Teachers ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Set Up ◽  
International River

Over the years, humankind has contributed to the destruction of the environment, including river pollution. When comparing river water quality in developed and developing countries, the history is the opposite, with developed countries suffering from polluted rivers at a time when developing countries had relatively clean rivers. Although the literature provides descriptions of past water quality across the globe, there are no samples of this water, leading to a gap in knowledge. Fortunately, a team of researchers led by Dr Shigeki Mayama, Advanced Support Center for Science Teachers, Tokyo Gakugei University Koganei, Japan, has found a way to ascertain past water quality and decipher how it relates to the environmental concerns of the present. Ultimately, they want to help address environmental challenges by helping children to understand the direct impact of human activity on river environments. As such, the researchers are developing an educational programme involving a virtual environment and microorganisms called diatoms. Mayama and the team have developed simulation software called SimRIver, using which students can set up their own river basin environments and use diatoms as proxies for the aquatic environment to learn how they affect water quality. SimRIver is available in 22 languages, making it accessible to children in different countries and broadening its impact. In addition, it operates in a manner that mimics video games in order to be as appealing to students as possible. To circumvent a possible lack of reality, SimRiver is supplemented with actual specimens collected from the river. The idea is that combining virtual simulations with real-life specimens will promote effective learning.

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