Lesions of thymus and decreased percentages of the peripheral blood T-cell subsets in chickens fed on diets excess in selenium

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1972-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Peng ◽  
Hengmin Cui ◽  
Yun Cui ◽  
Junliang Deng ◽  
Zhicai Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cellular Immune Function ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Cellular Immune

Selenium is an essential trace element possessing immune-stimulatory properties. The purpose of this 42-day study was to investigate the effects of excess dietary selenium on cellular immune function by determining morphological changes of thymus and peripheral blood T-cell subset. Three hundred 1-day-old avian broilers were fed on a basic diet (0.2 mg/kg selenium) or the same diet amended to contain 1, 5, 10, 15 mg/kg selenium supplied as sodium selenite ( n = 60/group). Pathological lesions were progressed with the dietary Se level increased. Grossly, the volume of thymus was decreased. Histopathologically, lymphopenia and congestion were observed. Ultrastructurally, mitochondria injury was observed. In comparison with that of control group, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg dietary Se decreased the percentage of CD3+, CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells of the peripheral blood, as measured by flow cytometry. The results showed that excess selenium (more than 5 mg/kg) intake could cause lesions of thymus and decrease of T-cell subsets. The cellular immune function was finally impaired in broilers.

scholarly journals T-cell-subset characterization of human T-CLL

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
EL Reinherz ◽  
LM Nadler ◽  
DS Rosenthal ◽  
WC Moloney ◽  
SF Schlossman
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Malignant T Cells

Abstract Circulating peripheral blood tumor cells in four cases of chronic lymphoproliferative disease were immunologically characterized. By the use of T-cell-specific heteroantisera and indirect immunofluorescence, all were shown to involve proliferation of malignant T cells. Three cases demonstrated morphologic and clinical features consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and one case presented as a lymphosarcoma cell leukemia. Antisera specific for normal human T-cell subsets defined the malignant T cells in each case as arising from the TH2--subset. This subset normally constitutes approximately 80% of human peripheral blood T cells. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was not detected in any of the T-cell CLL cases, thus supporting the notion that T-cell CLL represents a malignancy of a mature phenotype. The one patient with lymphosarcoma whose tumor cells were TdT-positive subsequently developed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Moreover, la-like antigen (p23,30) was detected on two of these tumor cell populations. In addition, it was shown that not all tumor cells were E-rosette-positive, since only cells from 3 of 4 patients were capable of forming spontaneous rosettes. These findings demonstrate that heteroantisera can provide an additional important tool for dissecting the heterogeneity of T-cell leukemias and for relating them to more differentiated normal T cells.

scholarly journals T-cell-subset characterization of human T-CLL

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066-1075
Author(s):  
EL Reinherz ◽  
LM Nadler ◽  
DS Rosenthal ◽  
WC Moloney ◽  
SF Schlossman
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Malignant T Cells

Circulating peripheral blood tumor cells in four cases of chronic lymphoproliferative disease were immunologically characterized. By the use of T-cell-specific heteroantisera and indirect immunofluorescence, all were shown to involve proliferation of malignant T cells. Three cases demonstrated morphologic and clinical features consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and one case presented as a lymphosarcoma cell leukemia. Antisera specific for normal human T-cell subsets defined the malignant T cells in each case as arising from the TH2--subset. This subset normally constitutes approximately 80% of human peripheral blood T cells. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was not detected in any of the T-cell CLL cases, thus supporting the notion that T-cell CLL represents a malignancy of a mature phenotype. The one patient with lymphosarcoma whose tumor cells were TdT-positive subsequently developed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Moreover, la-like antigen (p23,30) was detected on two of these tumor cell populations. In addition, it was shown that not all tumor cells were E-rosette-positive, since only cells from 3 of 4 patients were capable of forming spontaneous rosettes. These findings demonstrate that heteroantisera can provide an additional important tool for dissecting the heterogeneity of T-cell leukemias and for relating them to more differentiated normal T cells.

scholarly journals Different Cytokine Production and Effector/Memory Dynamics of αβ+ or γδ+ T-Cell Subsets in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gioia ◽  
C. Agrati ◽  
D. Goletti ◽  
D. Vincenti ◽  
S. Carrara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Immunity to M.tuberculosis (MTB) infection consists of interactions between various T-cell subsets that control the infection and prevent further reactivation. We analysed the effector/memory T-cell dynamics and cytokines production in the peripheral blood of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We observed that the frequency of CD4+ T-cell effectors was significantly increased during active TB, confirming a major role of this T-cell subset in TB immunity. Pre-terminally differentiated CD8+ T-lymphocytes were increased in the peripheral blood as well. In contrast, we observed a reduced number of effector mycobacteria-reactive γδ+ T-lymphocytes with a specific defects in reacting to mycobacterial nonpeptidic antigens, suggesting that this innate response is rapidly lost during TB infection. Nevertheless, the frequency of γδ+ T-cells effectors in TB patients was higher than the αβ+ T-cell response to peptide from MTB-ESAT-6 protein and quantitatively similar to PPD reactivity. Thus, αβ+and γδ+ T-cell differentiation and function are differently triggered by active TB infection.

TH17 Pathway and Associated Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Promote Immune Dysfunction in Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3517-3517
Author(s):  
Rao Prabhala ◽  
Dheeraj Pelluru ◽  
Paola Neri ◽  
Mariateresa Fulciniti ◽  
James J. Driscoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Cytokine Network ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with significant immune dysfunction. Although various mechanisms mediating immune dysregulation in MM have been studied, its molecular and cellular basis is ill defined. IL-6, TGF-β and IL-1β have been implicated in this process, but their mechanism of effects on immune function have not been studied in MM. Together, IL-6 and TGF-β enhance the generation of TH17 cells, important in the development of immunity and auto-immunity. Additionally, TH17 cells are differentiated by number of inflammatory cytokines including, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, and IL-27. Therefore, we evaluated the immune dysfunction and the role of TH17 cells and associated pro-inflammatory cytokines in myeloma. We have previously characterized that the production of TH1 mediated cytokines including IFN-γ following anti-CD3-mediated activation is significantly lower in myeloma PBMC compared to normal PBMC. We hypothesize that this may be regulated via skewing the immune system towards TH17 pathway. We observed that TH17 cells, measured by intra-cellular flow cytometry, are significantly increased in number in myeloma (16.9%) and MGUS (6.2%) compared to normal (3.3%). Furthermore, we analysed supporting pro-inflammatory cytokine network for the generation of TH17 cells in myeloma, which may be responsible for the observed TH17 skewing of T cell subsets. Sera from MGUS (n=12) and myeloma (n=17) patients were evaluated for the presence of these pro-inflammatory cytokines compared with normal sera (n=6) using ELISA. We observed significant increase in serum IL-21, IL-22 and IL-23 in MGUS (373 pg/ml, 14 pg/ml and 147 pg/ml respectively; p<0.05) and myeloma (296 pg/ml, 12 pg/ml and 215 pg/ml respectively; p<0.05) compared with normal (63 pg/ml, 1.5 pg/ml and 39 pg/ml respectively). In addition, we also observed that the myeloma PBMC stimulated in the presence of IL-6 and TGF-β, both of the cytokines present at a high level in myeloma, induced significant IL-23 production compared with normal. Importantly, IL-23 levels were 10 fold higher in myeloma BM samples compared with matching blood samples. These results indicate that the cytokines from myeloma BM microenvironment may be responsible for the observed T cell subset abnormality by favouring TH17 cells via IL-23/IL-21 production. These cytokines thus may be targets to modulate immune responses in myeloma to enhance immune function and devise effective vaccination strategies in the future.

scholarly journals The Effect of Bifid Triple Viable on Immune Function of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohua Li ◽  
Sheng Zeng ◽  
Wangdi Liao ◽  
Nonghua Lv
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colon Mucosa ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inflammation Score

Objective. To study effect and its mechanism of Bifid Triple Viable for initially treating ulcerative colitis with 5-aminosalicylic acid.Methods. 82 patients, who were firstly diagnosed as ulcerative colitis, were randomized into experiment group (41 cases, treated with Bifid Triple Viable and Etiasa) and control group (41 cases, treated with Etiasa). The clinic symptom score, colon mucosa inflammation score, and some immune indices were detected and compared between two groups before and two months after treatment.Results. Two months after treatment, the clinical symptom score, colon mucosa inflammation score, and IL-1βexpression in colon mucosa decreased significantly (P<0.01), and IL-10 and IgA expressions in colon mucosa increased significantly (P<0.01). Those differences were more marked in experiment group than control group (P<0.05). However, peripheral blood T cell subgroup, immunoglobulins, and complements had no significant difference between two groups two months after treatment, but the ratio of peripheral blood CD4+ T cell to CD8+ T cell in experiment group increased more than that in control group (P<0.05).Conclusion. Bifid Triple Viable contributed to Etiasa to treat ulcerative colitis in inducing remission period, which was perhaps related to affecting the patient’s immune function.

scholarly journals Age related human T cell subset evolution and senescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingde Li ◽  
Danlin Yao ◽  
Xiangbo Zeng ◽  
Dimitri Kasakovski ◽  
Yikai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
And Gender

Abstract T cells are fundamental effector cells against viruses and cancers that can be divided into different subsets based on their long-term immune protection and immediate immune response effects. The percentage and absolute number of these subsets change with ageing, which leads to a reduced immune response in older individuals. Stem cell memory T cells (TSCM) represent a small population of memory T cells with enhanced proliferation and differentiation properties that are endowed with high potential for maintaining T cell homeostasis. However, whether these cells change with ageing and gender remains unknown. Here, we assayed the distribution of TSCM and other T cell subsets in peripheral blood from 92 healthy subjects (44 females and 48 males) ranging from 3 to 88 years old by flow cytometry. We found that CD4+ and CD8+ TSCM in the circulation have relatively stable frequencies, and the absolute number of CD8+ TSCM decreased with age; however, the ratio of TSCM to the CD4+ or CD8+ naïve population increased with age. Unlike the obvious changes in other T cell subsets with age and gender, the stable level of TSCM in peripheral blood may support their capacity for sustaining long-term immunological memory, while their importance may increase together with ageing.

scholarly journals High-Fat Diet Alters Immunogenic Properties of Circulating and Adipose Tissue-Associated Myeloid-Derived CD45+DDR2+ Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sara J. Sidles ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
M. Rita I. Young ◽  
Amanda C. LaRue
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Activation Markers

Chronic inflammation is evident in the adipose tissue and periphery of patients with obesity, as well as mouse models of obesity. T cell subsets in obese adipose tissue are skewed towards Th1- and Th17-associated phenotypes and their secreted cytokines contribute to obesity-associated inflammation. Our lab recently identified a novel, myeloid-derived CD45+DDR2+ cell subset that modulates T cell activity. The current study sought to determine how these myeloid-derived CD45+DDR2+ cells are altered in the adipose tissue and peripheral blood of preobese mice and how this population modulates T cell activity. C57BL/6 mice were fed with a diet high in milkfat (60%·kcal, HFD) ad libitum until a 20% increase in total body weight was reached, and myeloid-derived CD45+DDR2+ cells and CD4+ T cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT), mammary gland-associated adipose tissue (MGAT), and peripheral blood (PB) were phenotypically analyzed. Also analyzed was whether mediators from MGAT-primed myeloid-derived CD45+DDR2+ cells stimulate normal CD4+ T cell cytokine production. A higher percentage of myeloid-derived CD45+DDR2+ cells expressed the activation markers MHC II and CD80 in both VAT and MGAT of preobese mice. CD4+ T cells were preferentially skewed towards Th1- and Th17-associated phenotypes in the adipose tissue and periphery of preobese mice. In vitro, MGAT from HFD-fed mice triggered myeloid-derived CD45+DDR2+ cells to induce CD4+ T cell IFN-γ and TNF-α production. Taken together, this study shows that myeloid-derived CD45+DDR2+ cells express markers of immune activation and suggests that they play an immune modulatory role in the adipose tissue of preobese mice.

Probiotic feeding affects T cell populations in blood and lymphoid organs in chickens

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Asgari ◽  
Z. Madjd ◽  
R. Falak ◽  
M.A. Bahar ◽  
M. Heydari Nasrabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria as a probiotic on chicken T cell subset populations in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues. Thirty chickens were divided into three groups and fed sterilised cow milk, a mixture of milk and L. acidophilus (probiotic), or neither, as the control group. Chickens were euthanised after 14 and 21 days, and whole blood and ileal, bursal, and caecal tonsillar tissues were collected. The populations of T cell subsets, including CD4+, CD8+, and TCR1+ cells, were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. After 21 days of treatment the percentage of blood CD4+, CD8+, and TCR1+ cells was significantly higher in the probiotic-fed group than in the control group. After 14 days of treatment, a significantly greater number of CD4+ T cells were found in the ileum of probiotic-fed chickens than in chickens from the other two groups. This difference was even greater after 21 days. In addition, after 21 days, a significantly greater number of TCR1+ cells were found in the caecal tonsils of milk-fed chickens than in chickens from the control group. The findings indicate that probiotics may alter the distribution of T cells in the blood and lymphoid tissues in young chickens; however, transient changes in lymphoid tissues indicate that probiotics likely do not permanently affect mucosal immunity.

scholarly journals Analysis of Peripheral Inflammatory T Cell Subsets and Their Effector Function in Patients With Birdshot Retinochoroiditis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Trombke ◽  
Lucie Loyal ◽  
Braun Julian ◽  
Pleyer Uwe ◽  
Thiel Andreas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Effector Function ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Main Site ◽  
Birdshot Retinochoroiditis

Abstract Purpose: Birdshot Retinochoroiditis (BSRC) is a progressive non-infectious intraocular inflammation that affects choroid and retina. Inflammatory processes have adverse effects on vision by affecting photoreceptor-bearing cells that do not regenerate. Methods: This study aimed at characterizing inflammatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets in the peripheral blood of BSRCs. Furthermore, we correlated phenotypical and functional immunological analyses with clinical data. Results: We observed a slight increase of terminally differentiated effector memory CD8+ T cells expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) in blood of inactive, compared to active BSRCs. Moreover, we identified a trend for a decreased population of TH2 cells and increased TH1 frequencies in active BSRCs, a typical sign of ongoing autoimmune processes. Functional assays demonstrated severe and overall impairment of effector function of both, CD4+ and CD8+ inflammatory T cells, which might reflect T cell exhaustion. Conclusion: Although the eye is the main site of inflammation in BSRC, we observed altered T cell subset compositions in the peripheral blood, dependent on the disease status. Our results indicate that T cells may play a major role in BSRC pathology, although our cohort size is too limited for definitve conclusions. Future studies with larger and well-defined cohorts of BSRCs have to be performed.

scholarly journals Altered peripheral blood Th17 and follicular T-helper subsets in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-314
Author(s):  
I. V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
M. K Serebriakova ◽  
A. A. Starshinova ◽  
Yu. S. Zinchenko ◽  
N. Yu. Basantsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Central Memory ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Th Cells ◽  
Tfh Cells

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common infections worldwide. Eradication of an intracellular pathogen M. tuberculosis requires to induce a Th1 response by activating IFNγ-producing tissue macrophages. Along with Th1 cells, various subsets of Th17 and follicular T-helper cells (Tfh) able to secrete a broad range of cytokines, including IFNγ, can also be involved in eliminating bacterial pathogens. It justified analyzing in this study changes in percentage of various peripheral blood Th subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17 and Tfh cells, in TB patients. For this, major CD3+CD4+T cell subsets were assessed by using multicolor flow cytometry in TB patients (n = 40) and healthy volunteers (n = 30). It was found that in TB patients vs. control group percentage of peripheral blood CD45RA–CCR7+ central memory (CM) Th was decreased also affecting frequency of some functional T cell subsets, e.g. either lowering Th2 cells (9.11% (6.95; 13.77) vs. 7.21% (5.64; 9.84), p = 0.012) or elevating CCR6+ Th17 subsets (35.92% (27.72; 41.06) vs. 40.39% (35.41; 47.79; p = 0.016), respectively, but not influencing Th1 and Tfh subsets frequencies. Moreover, percentage of total CCR6+CM Th cells in TB patients vs. control was decreased in CCR4–CXCR3+Th17.1 cell subset (42.87% (33.64; 49.45) vs. 52.26% (46.45; 56.95), p < 0.001), whereas standard CCR4+CXCR3–Th17 and CCR6+ DP Th17 subsets were elevated (p = 0.005 and p = 0.002, respectively). In addition, altered Tfh subset composition associated with the increased (p = 0.021) percentage of CXCR3–CCR6–Tfh2 cells, but decreased CXCR3+CCR6–Tfh1 cells (p = 0.036) was observed. Finally, frequency of peripheral blood Th subsets noted above was also analyzed within effector memory (CD45RA–CCR7–) cells. It was found that in TB patients vs. volunteers frequency of Th17.1 cells was also significantly lower (p = 0.006) in CCR6+EM Th (54.43% (41.19; 91.92) vs. 61.76% (54.01; 65.63), whereas percentage of double-positive Th17 was significantly increased (20.83% (15.12; 30.87) and 12.93 % (9.80; 19.01), respectively, p < 0.001). Thus, it suggests that during M. tuberculosis infection percentage of IFNγ-producing Th17 and Tfh cells was reduced compared to control group also affecting both central memory Th cells patrolling peripheral lymphoid organs as well as effector memory Th cells able to exit to site of infection. 

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