Viper Bites in France: Clinical and Biological Evaluation; Kinetics of Envenomations

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Audebert ◽  
Marc Sorkine ◽  
Annie Robbe-Vincent ◽  
Cassian Bon
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Kinetics Of

1 A second inquiry was conducted in France to collect more accurate epidemiological, clinical and biological data from patients hospitalized after a viper bite, as well as treatment that they received. Fifty-seven well documented cases were classified in four grades of increasing severity defined according to the clinical signs of envenomation. 2 Local and systemic signs of envenomation appeared during the first 3 h, but the severity of the envenomation was observed to increase during the 12-24 h following bites in 50% of moderate and severe cases. One fatal case was reported. Biological analysis revealed an hyperleukocytosis in patients with moderate and severe envenomations. 3 The average length of hospitalization was of 1.7 ± 1.3 days for patients without signs of envenomation (grade 0) or presenting a minimal envenomation (grade 1), and statistically longer, 6.2 ± 2.9 days, for patients presenting moderate (grade 2) or severe envenomation (grade 3). 4 Levels of venom antigens in serum samples regularly collected during hospitalization were determined by a sandwich ELISA test. The serum venom levels determined during the first 4 h following the bite correlated with the severity of the envenomation when the symptoms were determined at their worst, usually 12-24 h later. In fact, concentrations higher than 20 ng ml-1 predict a moderate or severe clinical evolution. 5 The pharmacokinetics of venom antigens was also investigated during human envenomations. Venom antigens could be detected in the serum of patients as soon as half an hour after the bite, then decreased exponentially during the following hours with an apparent half-life of 8 h, similar in grade 2 and grade 3 patients, indicating that the kinetics of venom antigens in blood is independent of the severity of the envenomation.

scholarly journals Variations in the detection of anti-PEDV antibodies in serum samples using three diagnostic tests – short communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Plut ◽  
Ivan Toplak ◽  
Marina Štukelj
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blocking Elisa ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Antibody Tests ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Over the last few years several porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) outbreaks have been discovered in Europe including the first PED case in Slovenia in January 2015. The aim of this study was to determine when PED virus (PEDV) infection started in Slovenia. Serum samples collected between 2012 and 2016 were tested. Three hundred and seventy-five serum samples were collected from 132 Slovenian small, one-site pig farms. Samples were tested for PEDV antibodies utilising three different serological methods: commercially-available indirect ELISA, in-house blocking ELISA test and Immunoperoxidase Monolayer Assay (IPMA) test. One hundred and seventy (45.33%) tested samples were found positive by the commercially-available ELISA test kit, and 10 (5.68%) of these 170 samples found positive were positive by the in-house blocking ELISA. Only these 10 samples were collected from a farm where clinical signs of PED infection had been observed and PEDV was confirmed by RT-PCR methodology; the other 160 samples were collected randomly. Thirty-two samples with the highest S/P value obtained with the commercial ELISA were all negative with IPMA. Reasons for the high variance in the results obtained remain unclear; more research is required to ensure higher sensitivity and specificity in terms of PEDV antibody tests and other PED diagnostic methods.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Clinical Presentation of Chikungunya Virus Infection among Febrile Outpatients Seeking Health Care in Mzuzu City, Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flywell Kawonga ◽  
Gerald Misinzo ◽  
Dylo Pemba ◽  
Leonard Mboera ◽  
Isaac Thom Shawa
Keyword(s):  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies

Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV. We conducted this study determine the seroprevalence and clinical presentation of Chikungunya infection among outpatients seeking healthcare in Mzuzu City, Malawi. Blood samples were collected from malaria negative and non-septic febrile outpatients with fevers ≥38 °C, for not more than 5 days. The enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies and its results were used to determine seroprevalence of Chikungunya. A total of 119 serum samples were tested, of these, 73 (61.3%) tested positive for anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies by ELISA. Laboratory requisition forms were used to capture demographic information such as age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms presented by the enrolled patients. Age groups of 1-9, 10- 19, 20- 29, 30- 39, 40- 49, and ≥50 years had 17.8% (n= 13), 12.3 %,( n=9), 15.1%) (n=11), 19.2%; (n=14), 17.8% (n=13) and 17.8% (n=13) proportion of seroprevalence respectively. Most of the CHIKV infected individuals presented with fever (52.05%), joint pain (45.21%) and abdominal pain (42.67%). The presence of anti- CHIKV IgM antibodies suggest the presence of recent CHIKV infection and therefore accurate laboratory assays are highly recommended for CHIKV diagnosis and appropriate management of febrile patients.

scholarly journals Astragalus Polysaccharides Enhance the Immune Response to Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccination in Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naji A .I . ◽  
◽  
Huda S.J ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Astragalus Polysaccharide ◽  
Serum Antibody Titer

This study was conducted to evaluated the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on immune responses of chickens immunized with NDV Lasota vaccine. One hundred chickens at one-day-old( Ross breed) were brought , on five day of age, the average maternal serum Abs was measured by hemaglutination inhibition (HI) test and the titer was 3.43 log, and then divided into five equal groups in each group twenty chicks and on day 10 of age the Astragalus polysaccharide high concentration (APSH) group were given 0.5 ml at 400mg /100ml , the Astragalus polysaccharide medium concentration (APSM )group were given 0.5 ml at 200mg /100ml, the Astragalus polysaccharide low concentration (APSL) group were given 0.5 ml at 100mg /100ml , Vaccine control (VC) group were given 0.5 ml normal saline only, Negative control (NC ) group were given normal saline only , all groups orally administrated for four days. At 14 day of age, all chickens with the exception of NC group , were vaccinated with ND Lasota by Intraocular and Intranasal methods. Four blood sample from all groups were aspirated from jugular vein at 0h (before vaccination),6h,12h and 24h(after vaccination ) for determine of Chicken IL-6(Interleukin 6) by RT-PCR. On day 20and 30 of age after vaccination , three chicken were sampled randomly from each group to detect specific serum Antibody titer of NDV by HI test. On days 1,7,14,21after vaccination, four serum Samples from the same of chicken to determines IgA level by sandwich ELISA test. The cellular and humeral response including the production of cytokine IL-6 ( by RT-PCR test) were measured on 0h(before vaccination),6h,12h and 24h( after vaccination )and IgA antibody ( by ELISA test ) were measured on 1d,7d,14d,and 21days after vaccination and serum antibody titer Specific to NDV( by HI test ) were measured at age 20, and 30 days after vaccination evaluated by series of experiments. Results revealed that all the polysaccharide groups were numerically increased in antibody levels, the expression of IL-6and IgA level ,but three parameter were significant (𝑃 < 0.05) in the APSH group compared to corresponding (VC) vaccinated group and( NC) non –vaccinated group. These results suggest that orally administered APS could significantly enhance the efficacy of NDV vaccination and has important implications for the further use of APS as a novel adjuvant.

scholarly journals The clinical and serological diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis in blood and milk serums of lactating cows by IDEXX ELISA test in Wasit and Dhi-Qar provinces/Iraq

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hams Hussain Hashim Al-Fattli
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Milk Serum ◽  
High Infection ◽  
First Time

Objectives This study was conducted to disclose the specific antibodies against M. bovis of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in blood and milk serum samples, with detection of the most prevalent clinical signs in positive cows.Methods In some rural areas of two Iraqi provinces (Wasit and Dhi-Qar), 119 lactating cows were submitted to the clinical examination with obtaining of blood and milk to tested by using the IDEXX ELISA test.Results The overall seroprevalence in blood and milk was (20.16%) and (15.12%), respectively. In Wasit, the prevalence was (22.85%) and (15.71%), while in Dhi-Qar, the prevalence was (16.32%) and (14.28%) in blood and milk, respectively. As well as, marked significant differences in seroprevalence were observed between and within the two study’s provinces and samples. According to clinical examination, a significant rising (P > 0.05) was revealed in respiratory disorders, decreasing in milk production, emaciation, rough hair coat and repetitive reproductive problems, whilst a significant decreasing (P < 0.05) in persistent feces abnormalities, mastitis, lymph nodes enlargement and loss of appetite.Conclusion The study demonstrated, for the first time in Iraq, the efficient of IDEXX ELISA, as a screening test in the detection of bTB in lactating cows by using blood and milk serum samples, and the competence of milk, as sample, in exhibition of infection. Also, the study exposed the high infection rate of bTB in cows of rural areas of Wasit and Dhi-Qar provinces.

scholarly journals Astragalus Polysaccharides Enhance the Immune Response to Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccination in Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naji A.I ◽  
◽  
Huda S.J ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Astragalus Polysaccharide ◽  
Serum Antibody Titer

This study was conducted to evaluated the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on immune responses of chickens immunized with NDV Lasota vaccine. One hundred chickens at one-day-old( Ross breed) were brought , on five day of age, the average maternal serum Abs was measured by hemaglutination inhibition (HI) test and the titer was 3.43 log, and then divided into five equal groups in each group twenty chicks and on day 10 of age the Astragalus polysaccharide high concentration (APSH) group were given 0.5 ml at 400mg /100ml , the Astragalus polysaccharide medium concentration (APSM )group were given 0.5 ml at 200mg /100ml, the Astragalus polysaccharide low concentration (APSL) group were given 0.5 ml at 100mg /100ml , Vaccine control (VC) group were given 0.5 ml normal saline only, Negative control (NC ) group were given normal saline only , all groups orally administrated for four days. At 14 day of age, all chickens with the exception of NC group , were vaccinated with ND Lasota by Intraocular and Intranasal methods. Four blood sample from all groups were aspirated from jugular vein at 0h (before vaccination),6h,12h and 24h(after vaccination ) for determine of Chicken IL-6(Interleukin 6) by RT-PCR. On day 20and 30 of age after vaccination , three chicken were sampled randomly from each group to detect specific serum Antibody titer of NDV by HI test. On days 1,7,14,21after vaccination, four serum Samples from the same of chicken to determines IgA level by sandwich ELISA test. The cellular and humeral response including the production of cytokine IL-6 ( by RT-PCR test) were measured on 0h(before vaccination),6h,12h and 24h( after vaccination )and IgA antibody ( by ELISA test ) were measured on 1d,7d,14d,and 21days after vaccination and serum antibody titer Specific to NDV( by HI test ) were measured at age 20, and 30 days after vaccination evaluated by series of experiments. Results revealed that all the polysaccharide groups were numerically increased in antibody levels, the expression of IL-6and IgA level ,but three parameter were significant (𝑃 < 0.05) in the APSH group compared to corresponding (VC) vaccinated group and( NC) non –vaccinated group. These results suggest that orally administered APS could significantly enhance the efficacy of NDV vaccination and has important implications for the further use of APS as a novel adjuvant.

MONITORING STUDIES OF ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS TRANSMITTED BY MOSQUITOES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE VOLGOGRAD REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
E.V. Molchanova ◽  
D.N. Luchinin ◽  
A.O. Negodenko ◽  
D.R. Prilepskaya ◽  
N.V. Boroday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Probable Presence ◽  
California Serogroup ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

The paper presents data from the monitoring studies’ results of arbovirus infections transmitted by mosquitoes in the Volgograd region. West Nile virus antigen (WNV) in 9 samples, Tahyna virus in one sample, Batai virus in two samples were detected in the study of 110 samples of field material (blood-sucking mosquitoes) by ELISA test. Antibodies to WNV in 16.58 percent of the samples, to tick-borne encephalitis virus in 1.08 percent, to viruses of the California serogroup and Ukuniemi in 1.09 percent, to the virus Sindbis in 2.17 percent were detected as a result of the study of blood serum samples from donors in the Volgograd region. Thus, we obtained data on the probable presence of the Batai, Sindbis, Ukuniemi and Californian serogroup viruses along with the circulation of WNV on the territory of the Volgograd region.

PD-L1 expression in tumor lesions and soluble PD-L1 serum levels in patients with breast cancer: TNBC versus TPBC

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Yazdanpanah ◽  
Ali Alavianmehr ◽  
Abbas Ghaderi ◽  
Ahmad Monabati ◽  
Mehdi Montazer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity ◽  
Tnbc Subtype ◽  
Cell Death Protein

BACKGROUND: Block of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) interaction with its ligand, PD-L1, enhances anti-tumor activity. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the association between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and CD8+ tumor infiltrating T cells (TILs) as well as soluble (s)PD-L1 serum levels in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared to triple positive (TPBC). METHODS: A total of 113 tumor sections and 133 serum samples were available from 144 patients with breast cancer (72 TNBC and 72 TPBC). Dual immunohistochemistry staining was applied to determine differential PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and CD8+ TILs. Soluble PD-L1 serum levels were also evaluated in patients compared to 40 healthy women by ELISA method. RESULTS: Despite TPBC patients which were mostly grades 1/2, TNBC patients were grade 3 (72% versus 66.7%, P < 0.001). Most of the TNBC patients were stages I/II, whereas most of the TPBC patients were stages III/IV (57.3% versus 68.3%,P = 0.005). There was no difference in tumor size and metastasis between TNBC and TPBC patients, although the number of involved lymph nodes was significantly more in TPBC patients (P = 0.0012). PD-L1 expression was detected in 11.5% of samples mostly in TNBC subtype and was associated with advanced grades (P = 0.039). There was no relationship between PD-L1 expression and tumor stage. PD-L1 expression in CD8+ TILs was nonsignificantly higher than tumor cells. Serum levels of sPD-L1 showed no difference between patients and healthy women. We found no correlation between PD-L1 expression in tumor lesions and serum levels of sPD-L1 in patients. CONCLUSION: PD-L1 expression was more detected in our patients with TNBC. It seems that, these patients who are resistant to standard chemotherapy regimens may get benefit from PD-L1 inhibition therapy and because of its low serum levels, sPD-L1 cannot interfere with this therapy.

scholarly journals Standardization of dot-ELISA for the serological diagnosis of toxocariasis and comparision of the assay with ELISA

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eide Dias Camargo ◽  
Paulo Mutuko Nakamura ◽  
Adelaide José Vaz ◽  
Marcos Vinícius da Silva ◽  
Pedro Paulo Chieffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dot Elisa ◽  
Stability Time

The dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) was standardized using somatic (S) and excretory-secretory (ES) antigens of Toxocara-canis for the detection of specific antibodies in 22 serum samples from children aged 1 to 15 years, with clinical signs of toxocariasis. Fourteen serum samples from apparently normal individuals and 28 sera from patients with other pathologies were used as controls. All samples were used before and after absorption with Ascaris suum extract. When the results were evaluated in comparison with ELISA, the two tests were found to have similar sensitivity, but dot-ELISA was found to be more specific in the presence of the two antigens studied. Dot-ELISA proved to be effective for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis, presenting advantages in terms of yield, stability, time and ease of execution and low cost.

Abstract WP138: Effects of Intensive Medical Management (IMM) and Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) On VEGFA165a/b Ratios in Patients With Intracranial Atherosclerosis (ICASi

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor R Gonzalez ◽  
Raymond Liou ◽  
Yinn Ooi ◽  
Jason D Hinman ◽  
Neal Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Early Elevation

Objective: VEGFA isoforms 165a and 165b are pro and antiangiogenic, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the effects of IMM and EDAS in the VEGFA165a/b ratio in patients with ICAS. Methods: This is a prospective observational study of VEGFA165a and b in patients with stenosis greater than 70% due to ICAS. All patients received IMM. Patients with persistent symptoms underwent EDAS while maintaining IMM. Serum samples were collected at baseline, 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months. VEGFA isoforms were quantified using multiplex sandwich ELISA. All samples were run in duplicate and accepted as valid if the intersample variability was less than 20%. A mixed model was built for the outcome variable VEGFA165a/b ratio using the predictor variables timepoint, treatment, and the interaction of time and treatment. The restricted maximum likelihood method was used to fit the model with random effects to account for the repeated measurements and intersubject variability. Results: A total of 72 patients were enrolled, of which 58 had IMM alone and 14 had EDAS. Mean age was 61.8 ± 12.3, 53% were females. The regression model demonstrated that there were no significant differences in the VEGFA165a/b ratio at baseline and 1 month after enrollment. Significant differences in VEGFA165a/b ratio were found at one week with higher levels in the surgical group (EDAS: 0.46 ± 0.22, IMM: 0.24 ± 0.07, p=0.03) and at 3 and 6 months with higher levels in the IMM group (3m: EDAS: 0.29 ± 0.14, IMM: 0.45 ± 0.20, p=0.03, 6m: EDAS:0.19 ± 0.11, IMM 0.37 ± 0.19 p=0.01). Conclusion: While the surgical event may well explain the early elevation of the VEGFA165a/b ratio one week after surgery, the elevation of a proangiogenic profile by the 3rd and 6th month in the IMM group is relevant. None of the patients in the IMM or EDAS groups had strokes at the last 6 months follow-up, and the peak (early for EDAS and at 3 and 6 months for IMM) of the VEGFA165a/b ratio may indicate a protective effect, averting stroke.

scholarly journals Systemic and local antibodies induced by an experimental inactivated vaccine against bovine herpesvirus type 1

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Cilento ◽  
Edviges Maristela Pituco ◽  
Ricardo Spacagna Jordão ◽  
Cláudia Pestana Ribeiro ◽  
Moacir Marchiori Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Herpesvirus ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Virus Neutralization Assay ◽  
Igg2 Antibody

An experimental inactivated vaccine against bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) was produced aiming to evaluate the systemic and local antibody responses in 12 seronegative heifers, after vaccination and revaccination. Serum samples were submitted to virus neutralization assay and to ELISA test for detection of IgG1 and IgG2 isotypes. Nasal secretion samples were submitted to the same ELISA test for detection of IgG1 and IgG2 isotypes. The results showed that moderate to high neutralizing titres and IgG1 and IgG2 antibody responses were induced after the second vaccination in the serum and in nasal secretions up to 114 days post vaccination. IgG2 antibodies were the prevalent isotype for most of the post-vaccination period. The results indicate that BoHV-1 experimental inactivated vaccine elicited potentially protective IgG1 and IgG2 antibody levels, both in the systemic and mucosal compartments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document