Plurality in understandings of innovation, sociotechnical progress and sustainable development: An analysis of OECD expert narratives

Deterministic theory and discourse on sociotechnical progress ignore the existence of multiple and equally viable pathways towards progress, obscure socioeconomic and environmental conflicting interests and values, and overshadow socially inclusive deliberative choices about policy strategies. Demystifying techno-determinism, by incorporating a plurality of understandings to policy appraisal, becomes a matter of not only democratic accountability but also of analytical rigour. This article analyses the normative and ontological understandings on scientific and technological pathways among a group of experts interviewed at one key Directorate of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, using Q-methodology. The three main framings detected do not correspond exclusively to any single innovation and development theoretical framework – namely Innovation Systems, Learning Systems, Catch-Up models or the science, technology and society approach. Each narrative organizes an array of policy understandings based upon different theories and practices. As these forms of discourse highly influence global policy recommendations, their plurality should be made explicit, negotiated and integrated into policymaking.

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A Functional Analysis of Technological Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: An Evaluation of Iran’s Photovoltaic Innovation System

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12052049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 2049

Author(s):

Mohammad Esmailzadeh ◽

Siamak Noori ◽

Alireza Aliahmadi ◽

Hamidreza Nouralizadeh ◽

Marcel Bogers

Keyword(s):

Functional Analysis ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Technological Innovation ◽

Innovation System ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Innovation Systems ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

Catch Up ◽

Functional Problems

For developing countries to catch up, it is vital that they develop emerging technologies and the system that supports that development. The literature suggests developing a technological innovation system (TIS) framework to investigate the development of technologies in a country. Nonetheless, most of this research focuses on developed countries without taking into account developing countries. Therefore, in this paper, we have two main goals. First, reviewing the indicators introduced to the functional analysis of TISs and modifying these indicators based on developing countries’ circumstances. Second, applying this framework to the specific case of Iran’s renewable energy program by using these indicators for analyzing Iran’s photovoltaic TIS to identify the problems. Accordingly, we review indicators used for a functional analysis by considering the needs of developing countries, and we propose a list of indicators that can be used for assessing functions in developing countries’ TISs. The results show that, to evaluate some functions of TIS, we need to use new indicators in developing countries. Finally, we propose some policy recommendations to tackle these functional problems.

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The Progress of Global Antimicrobial Resistance Governance and Its Implication to China: A Review

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10111356 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1356

Author(s):

Jia Yin ◽

Yu Wang ◽

Xueran Xu ◽

Yinqi Liu ◽

Lu Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Central Government ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Development Stage ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

Official Document ◽

Global Trend ◽

Global Action ◽

Three Stages ◽

Catch Up

China has great potential for engaging in global actions on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) control. This study aims to summarize the process of global AMR governance and provide relevant policy recommendations on how China could take more initiative in the global AMR governance. We searched for academic articles and official document published or issued before December 2020 in e-journal databases, official websites of major organizations, and the relevant national ministries. This review revealed that global action on AMR control has experienced three stages: (1) The beginning stage (1980s and 1990s) when actions were mainly sponsored by high-income countries and AMR surveillance was focused on hospitals; (2) The rapid development stage (2000–2010) when global AMR governance began to concentrate on joint actions in multi-sectors, and developing countries were gradually involved in global actions; (3) The comprehensive stage (2011 to present) when global actions on AMR have covered various fields in different countries. China’s AMR governance has fallen behind at the beginning but recently began to catch up with the global trend. The central government should take a far-fetched view, act decisively and positively towards the global efforts of addressing AMR to play a more active and greater role on the international stage.

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Assessing Development Strategies of Jiangsu and Taiwan: A Geweke Causality Analysis

Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies ◽

10.1142/s0219091517500242 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (04) ◽

pp. 1750024 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khee Giap Tan ◽

Randong Yuan ◽

Sangiita Wei Cher Yoong

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Mainland China ◽

Linear Feedback ◽

Causality Analysis ◽

Technology And Innovation ◽

Innovation Activities ◽

Catching Up ◽

Science Technology ◽

Catch Up ◽

Science Technology And Innovation

Among the economies in the Eastern coastal area of mainland China, Jiangsu has stood out in terms of its rapid and sustained economic growth since 2000. The province has done exceptionally well in terms of competitiveness indicators, catching up quickly with the leading Greater China economy of Taiwan. Such convergence has triggered much academic and policy interest in terms of understanding the driving factors that have enabled Jiangsu to catch up with Taiwan. In this context, this paper empirically analyzes the factors that have caused the convergence between the two economies from 2000 to 2011 by employing Geweke Causality analysis. By decomposing and examining the linear feedback between economic growth and vectors of variables capturing investments in infrastructure, human capital, science, technology and innovation activities, this paper confirms the important role played by those factors in the convergence between Jiangsu and Taiwan in recent years.

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Establishing global policy recommendations: the role of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization

Expert Review of Vaccines ◽

10.1586/erv.10.171 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 163-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Philippe Duclos ◽

Jean-Marie Okwo-Bele ◽

David Salisbury

Keyword(s):

Advisory Group ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

Global Policy

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Entrepreneurial Universities and Regional Development: Policy Origins, Progress, and the Future, with a Focus on Poland

Polish Political Science Review ◽

10.1515/ppsr-2015-0013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 70-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amanda Anthony

Keyword(s):

Technology Transfer ◽

Regional Development ◽

Development Policy ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

University Entrepreneurship ◽

Regional Impacts ◽

Catch Up ◽

The University ◽

Regional Development Strategies ◽

Technology Transfer Activity

Abstract University entrepreneurship is an idea that has gained a significant amount of support globally in the last 30 years and is seen as promoting reinvention, revitalisation, and simply remuneration for the universities themselves and their regions at large. But as universities begin to ramp up their technology transfer activities and start to commercialise their research, it is important to consider the regional context and the regional impacts that this can have. Technology transfer is important, but to truly transform economic “catch-up” regions to future leading regions, it cannot be the only goal of university entrepreneurship. As a result, larger perspective and more government, business, and university collaboration is needed. Using Poland as a focus area, this paper will summarise the concept and development of the entrepreneurial university and the policies needed for success, and show that the technology transfer activity of the university should be considered just one element of regional development strategies. It concludes with policy recommendations that may be useful for Poland and other regions.

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Statement by The Managing Director on the Work Program of The Executive Board

Policy Papers ◽

10.5089/9781513526447.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (002) ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

International Cooperation ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Policy Agenda ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

Executive Board ◽

Global Policy ◽

Work Program ◽

Financial Strength ◽

Multilateral System ◽

Changing World

This Work Program (WP) translates the strategic directions and policy priorities laid out in the Fall 2019 Global Policy Agenda (GPA) Update and the International Monetary and Financial Committee Communiqué into an Executive Board agenda from November 2019 to October 2020, focusing on the next six months. Its main policy priorities and deliverables are as follows: • Turn evidence-based analysis into actionable policy recommendations to make economies more resilient and inclusive • Contribute to improving the multilateral system and upgrading international cooperation to bring the benefits of integration to all • Modernize the Fund’s policy toolkits to meet the challenges of a fast-changing world • Safeguard the Fund’s financial strength and undertake an ambitious internal modernization agenda

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Trust-building and leadership in multi-stakeholder forums: lessons from Indonesia

International Forestry Review ◽

10.1505/146554821833466068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 43-58

Author(s):

A.R. Tamara ◽

N.M. Heise Vigil ◽

N. Liswanti ◽

S. Arwida ◽

A.M. Larson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Resource Use ◽

Shared Leadership ◽

Q Methodology ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Trust Building ◽

Charismatic Leader ◽

History Of ◽

Conflicting Interests ◽

Multi Stakeholder

Multi-stakeholder forums (MSFs) are coordination spaces that enable discussions, negotiations, and joint planning between different kinds of actors. Proponents of MSFs claim that bringing different actors to the same table may help solve complex problems. Nevertheless, an MSF's process and outcomes are affected by its leadership and whether participants are able to trust each other. This paper examines the influence of trust and leadership in three MSFs addressing land and resource use in three subnational jurisdictions in Indonesia. The comparative analysis of semi-structured and Q-methodology interviews carried out with MSF participants and non-participants demonstrates the following. First, that the presence of conflicting interests of different stakeholders can hinder trust-building and cooperation. Understanding the historical relationships between stakeholders, including any positive informal relationships, is necessary to build a better strategy to handle antagonism and improve collaboration. Second, different challenges within MSFs require different kinds of leadership. A shared leadership may work in an MSF with participants with a history of positive relationships. A charismatic leader is preferable in MSFs with conflicts of interest or where participants are yet to trust each other.

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