Platform Capitalism ‘Made in China’? Intelligent Manufacturing, Taobao Villages and the Restructuring of Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boy Lüthje
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Social Shaping Of Technology ◽  
Social Shaping ◽  
Made In China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conditions Of Employment ◽  
Made In

The article examines the development of advanced digital manufacturing (as outlined in the ‘Made-in-China 2025’ government plan) from the perspective of the changing socio-technical paradigms of production. The analysis focuses on the transformations of value chains and work, based on theories of social shaping of technology, regulation theory and regimes of production. Analytically, the author proposes to distinguish between ‘production-driven’ and ‘distribution-driven’ pathways of manufacturing digitalisation. The transformation of semi-rural industrial areas (‘Taobao villages’, named after China’s largest e-commerce platform Taobao) into mass production clusters for e-commerce is depicted as a paradigmatic model of distribution-driven transformation and as a characteristic Chinese strategy in this field. The article examines the impact on industry supply chains and work, leading to ever-more precarious conditions of employment. Policy recommendations focus on local strategies to stabilise supply chain structures and working conditions, as an alternative to the present top-down approaches to manufacturing modernisation in China.

scholarly journals An Empirical Study on the Key Factors of Intelligent Upgrade of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengxin Wang ◽  
Minghuan Shou ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Ruinan Dai ◽  
Keqian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Labor Cost ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
New Type ◽  
Made In China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Major Industry ◽  
Made In

Promoting the intelligent upgrades of small and medium-sized enterprises is one of the important tasks of implementing “Made in China 2025” in China. As a front runner of nation-level reform, Zhejiang Province has provided much room for innovation and development, along with the emergence of a new type of ecology, accelerated formation of two ecosystems and international cooperation, and a supportive policy environment. Therefore, this paper uses 173 Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) from Zhejiang Province as the research objects, builds a binary selection model, and analyzes the dynamic and constraining mechanism of intelligent upgrades of SMEs with regard to employee qualification, technology, capital, policy environment, and so on. The study finds that: First, among three main industries, manufacturing is the major industry for the intelligent upgrades of SMEs and there are significant demonstration effects and industry heterogeneity. Secondly, the willingness to upgrade intelligently for SMEs is relatively strong. More than half of SMEs that have not intelligently upgraded show willingness to implement intelligent upgrades. Thirdly, factors such as corporate profitability, human capital quality, and industry intelligence level have significantly promoted the intelligent upgrades of SMEs, while the impact of labor cost, capital structure, government subsidies, and other variables are not significant. This conclusion still works after a number of robustness tests. Last but not least, based on the above conclusions, this paper proposes corresponding policy recommendations which are practically beneficial to the development of SMEs in China.

The Role of the Individual in ICT Standardisation

2015 ◽  
pp. 244-261
Author(s):  
Kai Jakobs
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Shaping Of Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Shaping ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Standards Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This chapter discusses the influence individuals have in the ICT standards development process. The chapter draws upon ideas underlying the theory of the Social Shaping of Technology (SST). Looking through the SST lens, a number of non-technical factors that influence ICT standards development are identified. A literature review on the role of the individual in ICT standards setting and a case study of the IEEE 802.11 Working Group (WG) show that in a standards body's WG, the backgrounds, skills, attitudes, and behaviour of the individual WG members are crucially important factors. Yet, the case study also shows that in most cases employees tend to represent the ideas and goals of their respective employer. The chapter observes that the non-technical factors are ignored all too often in the literature. It argues that a better understanding of the impact and interplay of these factors, specifically including the skills and attitudes of the WG members, will have significant implications both theoretical and managerial.

US moves against Chinese technology may backfire

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chinese Investment ◽  
Made In China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Subject The impact of US tariffs on China's Made In China 2025 industrial policy framework. Significance 'Made in China 2025' has become a byword for US grievances against China's trade and investment policies. US tariffs against Chinese products are primarily aimed not at trimming the bilateral trade deficit, but at forcing China to abandon policies by which it hopes to challenge the US position as the global high-tech leader. As such, the tariffs target the high-tech sectors Beijing seeks to develop. Impacts China will step up efforts to reduce reliance on US suppliers. Washington may press other countries to block Chinese investment or supplies of key components. China will seek greater high-tech cooperation with Russia; Russia will oblige. China may make greater use of cyberattacks in order to obtain advanced US technology.

‘Made in China 2025’: Intelligent Manufacturing and Work1

2017 ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
Kendra Briken ◽  
Shiona Chillas ◽  
Martin Krzywdzinski ◽  
Abigail Marks ◽  
Florian Butollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Made In China ◽  
Made In

scholarly journals The Impact of cotton textile sector trends in Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 331-343
Author(s):  
Nguepi Tsafack Elvis
Keyword(s):  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cotton Belt ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Textile Sector ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Made In

This study attempts to clarify and evaluate the factors that impact on cotton sector production in Cameroon and differentiate producers `behavior. A description of producers ‘behaviour is made in order to identify their main characteristics, which should shed light on the relationships between cotton textile production , the main producers` characteristics price and non-price variables. An inventory of ongoing sectoral agricultural policies is presented and suggestions are made for formulating alternative policies. The next section presents both a review of agricultural policies and the cotton sector in Cameroon. The third and fourth sections are literature review and cotton belt while the fifth presents the methodology. Discussion and interpretation of the empirical findings is followed by the conclusion and policy recommendations.

scholarly journals Analysis for the Construction of Software Technology Professional Group Based on Intelligent Manufacturing Led by Double High-levels Plan

CONVERTER ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 713-718
Author(s):  
Yumei Li
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Software Technology ◽  
Made In China ◽  
Made In

With the strategies of Internet plus, made in China 2025, AI 2.0 raised andnew information technologies of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, network securitydeveloped and applicated, Intelligent manufacturing will become the main direction of made in China 2025,information technology, especially the software technology is urged to integrate deeply with all walks of life, promoting the transformation and upgrade of relevant industries(such as industrial industry). Thus, it will further promote the development of new economy, which puts forward higher requirements for the characteristic construction and talent training of software engineering. This paper will explore the construction that “Double High-levels Plan” leads vocational education technical skills innovation platform and the construction that emerging education technology and the way of thinking, such as artificial intelligence, big data intelligent embedsin subject courses to form a professional group of software technique in vocational education led by "Double High-levels Plan". Disciplines and lessons boundaries should be broke through in the process of professional education teaching and innovation teaching means and methodsshould be iterated with the cooperation between course teaching and industrial development to create aprofessional group of software technology in line with the era development, and promote the reform of vocational education personnel training.

scholarly journals Limited Impact of the EU on Candidate States

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hakan Cavlak ◽  
Davuthan Gunaydin
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
National Level ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In

The employment policy is one of the most disputable areas between Turkey and the EU. The EU declared two opening conditions, one about union rights and the other one about preparing an action plan displaying step by step the transposing of EU laws. Although Turkey claims that she met those criteria, the EU insists on keeping the accession negotiations in this area closed. However, there is serious gap between Turkish and European employment policies and in order to comply with the EU’s, there is a strong need of enthusiasm in Turkey for proper implementation of changes made in legal and institutional structures. Simultaneously, the EU has to offer a considerable incentive, e.g. membership, for Turkey to encourage her to adapt EU rules in employment policy. Unfortunately, it is argued in this paper that the current situation is the opposite, i.e. there is no substantial incentive from the EU to encourage Turkey and thus, no enthusiasm from Turkey to comply with the EU policy. In order to analyze the impact of the EU on Turkey’s employment policy the main question designed in this paper is: ‘To what extent does the EU have influence on policy convergence in a candidate country that does not have a clear membership perspective? ‘. It is argued in this study that “without a concrete incentive, European Union’s impact on a candidate country would be limited”.  Thus, the patterns of policy change at the national level are the dependent variable to be observed. The European Union’s conditionality is the independent variable that is expected to alter the national patterns.

scholarly journals Made In China 2025 and New Trends of Entrepreneurship Education of China: A Socio-Economic-Educational Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyun Wu ◽  
Spencer A. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Educational Perspective ◽  
Made In China ◽  
Future Economic Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

The importance of entrepreneurship for economic growth and job creation has gained wide acceptance around the world. The Chinese government is dedicated to innovation and entrepreneurship, realizing the critical importance in meeting this dual purpose lies in entrepreneurship education (EE) and its integration across the government, academic and business sectors. This paper outlines the emergence of entrepreneurship and the emerging trends in EE of China by looking at the past and present of China’s economy, education and government policies through a socio-economic-educational perspective. It focuses on Made In China 2025, an important 10-year national plan, that outlines China’s objectives in future economic development, and the future directions for China’s EE. By looking at past and emerging trends this study presents a historical and current picture of EE within China. The socio-economic-educational perspective of this study results in the following observations: the change from government programmed economy to a more open briskness driven economy, the close relationship between China’s reform in economy and education, the impact of government policies and mandates on China’s entrepreneurship education, EE in China, a new facet of China’s education reform, which has moved from education for the elite to the masses, and lastly, Made In China 2025’s call for innovation and reform in educational practices of EE in China. The application of a socio-economic-educational perspective provides for broader and deeper insights into the direction for the further development of EE in China.

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