Social Media and Social Mobilisation in the Middle East: A Survey of Research on the Arab Spring

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Smidi ◽  
Saif Shahin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Mobilisation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Temporal Focus ◽  
The Arab Spring

The role of the media, and especially the social media, in the Arab Spring has been extensively debated in academia. This study presents a survey of studies published in scholarly journals on the subject since 2011. We find that the bulk of the research contends that social media enabled or facilitated the protests by providing voice to people in societies with mostly government-controlled legacy media; helping people connect, mobilise and organise demonstrations; and broadcasting protests to the world at large and gaining global support. Some scholars, however, argue that social media played only a limited or secondary role, which ought to be viewed alongside other social, political, economic and historical factors. We also identify the spatial and temporal focus of the research and preferred theoretical and methodological approaches and draw attention to several blind spots that require further investigation.

scholarly journals Wikileaks and consequences for modern diplomacy – observations by a foreign policy practitioner

Politik ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Ørstrøm Møller
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
The People ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Arab Spring

Wikileaks did not reveal much we did not know about U.S. foreign policy already. e true revelations were – as many had suspected – that some foreign leaders pursue a di erent foreign policy agenda than the of- cial one. Sources providing information to foreign diplomats will be more prudent from now on. e main impact is a new type of diplomacy bypassing leaders to communicate directly with the people – increasing people’s power and highlighting the growing importance of civic society and the social media. e ability to intensively monitor social media also brings a markedly better understanding of the domestic context of foreign countries. Events surrounding the Arab spring bears testament to this. 

Social media and the arab spring

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-230
Author(s):  
Fauziah Ahmad ◽  
Dafrizal Samsudin ◽  
Faridah Ibrahim ◽  
Abdul Latiff Ahmad ◽  
Badrul Redzuan A.H. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
The People ◽  
The Media ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Credible Information ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Economy And Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flow Of Information

The year 2010 has seen the rise of West Asia with the Arab Spring phenomena. The event has triggered the solidarity of at least 8 countries in the region of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and has seen the ousting of Hosni Mubarak’s regime. Malaysia is emotionally attached to Egypt through religion, economy and education which has led Malaysians to track the event. In the meantime, the media is seen as the catalyst towards the rise of the people there. The democratic system depends very much on free, accurate and responsible flow of credible information. The flow of information has brought huge changes in the communications aspect. This article will discuss about the impact of social media as the main source of information channel among Malaysians during the massive uprise in Egypt.

scholarly journals RELIGION, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL CHANGE: REPRESENTATIONS OF MUSLIM WORLD IN ACADEMIC ANALYSES OF THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE ARAB SPRING

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeela Arshad Ayaz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Neoliberal Globalization ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Arab Spring

This article deconstructs the dominant constructions and portrayals of the Muslim world in literature on social media and civic engagement in relation to the Arab Spring. A critical reading of literature on social media and ‘Arab Spring’ shows that analyses by Western scholars and commentators are still grounded in ‘modernist dualism’ and orientalist understandings. The article starts by tracing the history of technology to argue that analyses of social media’s educational and civic potential within the Western context in general, is continuation of arguments about earlier technologies in relation to societal development. However, when it comes to analyzing social media and civic engagement particularly in the Muslim world this tendency gets muddled with another well-established trend, that of Orientalism. The overall impact of this tendency results in restricting majority of arguments within the essentialists/determinists paradigm. Such analyses essentialize the technological aspects of social media as universal and constitute the West as civilized, democratic, multicultural, and progressive. On the other hand Muslim world is represented as uncivilized, undemocratic, uncultured, and chained in past traditions. Thus, there is a need for a nuanced understanding of the relationship between the social media and civic engagement in the Muslim world, which can be conceptualized by framing the issues within a postcolonial critique of neoliberal globalization. DOI: 10.15408/tjems.v1i2.1264

Shooting 2011–21

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Donatella Della Ratta
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
The Social ◽  
Military Violence ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Military

In this article, film scholar Donnatella Della Ratta deconstructs the frames that have characterized, both aesthetically and politically, the social movements that erupted in the Arab region in 2011. On the tenth anniversary of what is commonly known as the “Arab Spring,” she reconsiders the intertwinement of the media and the military, violence and representation, and their blending in the hyperconnected dimension of the social web’s participatory culture. She reflects on the continuity of this dynamic, which was triggered by the astonishing events of ten years ago, and the newly emerging forms of disciplining and domesticating the body and its revolutionary potential.

Social media, riots, and revolutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Arab Spring

This article analyses the mass media’s claims about the role of social media in the 2011 UK riots and the Arab Spring, arguing that social media has become a new fetishism of technology that distracts from the contradictions of capitalism underlying contemporary societal changes and conflicts. Understanding contemporary capitalism, its contradictions and the role of the media requires a dialectical and critical analysis.

scholarly journals Social Media as a Tool for Political Resistance: Lessons from the Arab Spring and the Nigerian Protests

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ufuophu-Biri ◽  
Lucky Ojoboh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
The Self ◽  
Political Resistance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Immolation ◽  
The Arab Spring

Abstract The popular revolutions that swept across North Africa and the Middle East (NAME) countries, popularly called the “Arab Spring”, removed several sit-tight regimes and threatened to remove some others. Until those revolutions, nobody in the region had the audacity to question the actions of the governments. The mass media in the region had no freedom of operation and could not be used to express opinions or ideas that contradicted government wish or stand. However, the self-immolation of Tarek al-Tayeb Mohamed Bouazizi on 17 December, 2010 in Tunisia and his subsequent death led to an unstoppable torrent of protests across the region. The social media became the tool of communication, organization and coordination during the protests. The social media thus provided the protesters with an alternative voice of expression, which they used to mobilize and organize the protests. This study therefore, examined the role of the social media in the the Arab Spring. The study which is theoretical concludes that the use of the social media was very effective in success of the revolution.The study showed that without the social media, the revolution might not have been successful or might not have taken place at all. The study thus recommends that people should continue to use the social media to protest against oppressive regimes and all forms of oppression.

The effectiveness of Social Media Instagram as a Promotion of Agricultural product of fruits. (case :Instagram TaniHub Indonesia, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
Nensy Yohana Natalia Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Marketing Activity ◽  
Feedback Message ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media

Agriculture produces processed product which is perishable, so that the agricultural product should be distributed immediately. Processed product can be promoted to attract consumers to buy the product. One of the media that can be used to promote processed agricultural product is social media. Social media is needed to ease the marketing activity on the product. Social media is viral and can be delivered directly and personally to the consumer. Indicators are used to know the effectiveness of the social media as promotion media with AIDA concept. The results showed that promotion through Instagram has not been effective in the stages of attention (attention), interest (interest), desire (desire), and action (action). This study also explains that there is a relationship between the characteristics of gender followers and the level of social media exposure to the frequency of messages. In addition, there is also a relationship between the frequency of message feedback, message attractiveness, and intelligence in delivering messages with the interest stage. 

scholarly journals Exploring narrative linearity between Twitter and the news: Echoes of the Arab Spring in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 095792652110232
Author(s):  
Helton Levy ◽  
Dan Mercea
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Narrative Theory ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Representation Of Time

This article explores the use of narrative theory as an analytical framework to investigate the extent to which popular hashtags and the news can develop into intersecting stories. It juxtaposes the case of hashtag-based reports seen during the Arab Spring to understand the coverage of notorious political episodes in Brazil. Namely, the 2016 impeachment of Dilma Rousseff and the 2018 election of Jair Bolsonaro. Here, narrative linearity emerges as a tool to observe the borrowing of Twitter hashtags in several journalistic pieces. It is contended that the linearity of authorship, narration and representation of time appears as a satisfactory pathway to trace the development of hashtags into popular news stories. Results suggested that hashtags can significantly follow narratives and agendas in journalism but differing from their original social media context.

scholarly journals Social Media Influencer’s Reputation: Developing and Validating a Multidimensional Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Eun Ah Ryu ◽  
Eun Kyoung Han
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media

Since the introduction of smartphones in 2009, social networking services (SNS), which have seen a surge in users, facilitated changes in the media environment along with social influence that has increased the economic value and political influence of SNS. In particular, as consumers’ media use and consumption behavior change around digital media, social media plays a very important role in consumers’ lives. From this perspective, influencers who influence not only consumers’ consumption behavior, but also decision-making and opinion formation based on social media are attracting attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop items to measure an influencer’s reputation as a new source of information in the SNS environment; no previous researchers have presented generalized measurement items for an influencer’s reputation. We intended to identify what dimensions and items in the existing literature could effectively measure a social media influencer’s reputation and to verify each item’s relevance as a measure of a social media influencer’s reputation. Based on in-depth interviews with 30 experts and empirical findings from 557 adults, this study identified dimensions that impact on a consumer’s perception of a social media influencer and developed a scale. The results showed that the social media Influencer’s Reputation scale comprises four distinctive dimensions: Communication skills, influence, authenticity, and expertise. Additionally, the reliability and validity of the scale were assessed, using exploratory and confirmatory analyses and construct validity. The findings confirmed that the social media influencer’s reputation scale measurement items, in this study, can be used as a consistent measurement tool for each dimension. It is also important to develop value in favor of the marketing strategy by increasing value through the influencer’s reputation.

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