Waist-to-Height Ratio Is a Good Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: A Report From the Thai National Health Examination Survey V, 2014

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110464
Author(s):  
Sirinapa Siwarom ◽  
Kwanchai Pirojsakul ◽  
Wichai Aekplakorn ◽  
Witchuri Paksi ◽  
Pattapong Kessomboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Health Examination Survey ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

This study aimed to assess the performance of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in the prediction of metabolic syndrome and to determine the appropriate cutoff value in Thai adolescents. Demographic data, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile were obtained from the Thai National Health Examination Survey V database. The performances of WHtR, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), and BMI z-score were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristics. Among 2644 adolescents, metabolic syndrome was identified in 4.27%. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of WHtR, waist circumference, BMI, and BMI z-score were comparable (0.924-0.960). Performance of WHtR was more constant across age groups compared with other parameters. Using the cutoff value of WHtR at 0.5 resulted in the sensitivity and specificity of 98.5%/83.4% and 88.9%/86.0% in males and females, respectively. In conclusion, the cutoff value of WHtR at 0.5 provided good sensitivity and specificity for identifying metabolic syndrome in both genders. However, the other clinical risk factors or more definite scores should be considered when further assessment.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirinapa Siwarom ◽  
Wichai Aekplakorn ◽  
Kwanchai Pirojsakul ◽  
Witchuri Paksi ◽  
Pattapong Kessomboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
National Health ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Screen Media ◽  
Thai Adolescents ◽  
Health Examination Survey

Abstract Background Presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in early life may influence cardiovascular outcome later in adulthood. There is limited data regarding MetS among Thai adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and related factors in Thai adolescents. Methods Data on MetS components of 1934 Thai adolescents aged 10–16 years were obtained from the 5th National Health Examination Survey. Age at first screen time exposure, duration of screen time, frequency of food intake and physical activities were collected from interviews. MetS was defined according to 3 definitions: International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Cook’s, and de Ferranti’s. Results The prevalence of MetS was 4.1% by IDF, 8.0% by Cook’s, and 16.8% by de Ferranti’s definition. The overall prevalence was higher in male (19.0%) than female adolescents (15.3%). The most common MetS components composition among Thai adolescents was high waist circumference with high serum triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol (40.0% for IDF, 22.6% for Cook’s and 43.5% for de Ferranti’s definition). Exposure to screen media during the first 2 years of life had a 1.3- fold increased odds of MetS by 1 out of 3 definitions (OR 1.30, 95% CI. 1.01–1.68). Duration of physical activity associated with decreased odds of MetS by Cook’s definition (OR 0.96, 95% CI. 0.92–0.99). Conclusions The prevalence of MetS among Thai adolescents was higher than previously reported by other studies. Screen media exposure during the first 2 years of life should be discouraged and measures to promote physical activity among children and adolescents should be strengthen.

scholarly journals Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome among Malaysian Government Employees

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Huei Phing ◽  
Hazizi Abu Saad ◽  
Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof ◽  
Mohd Nasir Mohd Taib
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Introduction: The metabolic syndrome comprises a collection of cardiovascular disease risks, which has been demonstrated to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome is a crucial health concern in Malaysia, with a prevalence of about 42.5% in the general population based on the ‘Harmonized’ definition. The aim of this study was to ascertain the association between socioeconomic status among Malaysian government employees with metabolic syndrome, compared with those without metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, this study also aimed to ascertain the associated obesity indicators for metabolic syndrome among employees—explicitly body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, fat mass index, and waist-to-height ratio. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken at government agencies in Putrajaya, Malaysia, via multi-stage random sampling. A total of 675 government employees were randomly sampled from a list of 3,173 government employees working in five government agencies under five geographical areas. Data on socioeconomic status, anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical assessments were collected. Results: Employees who were males had higher metabolic syndrome prevalence compared to their counterparts (p=0.019). In addition, employees aged between 20 to younger than 30 years had lowest metabolic syndrome prevalence (p=0.002). The risk of having metabolic syndrome was almost 10 times more likely in men with a waist-to-hip ratio of ≥0.90 compared to men with a waist-to-hip ratio of <0.90 (p<0.001). Women with a waist-to-hip ratio of ≥0.85 were approximately 33 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to women with waist-tohip ratios of <0.85 (p<0.001). Men with a waist circumference of ≥90 cm were approximately twice as likely to have metabolic syndrome, compared to men with waist circumferences of <90 cm (p=0.030). The risk of having metabolic syndrome was almost three times more likely in women with a waist circumference of ≥80 cm compared to women with waist circumferences of <80 cm (p<0.001). Furthermore, the risk of having metabolic syndrome was almost five times more likely in women with fat mass indexes in Quartile 4 (≥7.93), compared to women with fat mass indexes in Quartile 1 (<5.25) [p<0.001]. On the other hand, men with waist-to-height ratios of <0.445 were 75% less likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to men with waist-to-height ratios of ≥0.625 (p=0.020). Women with waist-to-height ratios of 0.445 to <0.525 were 95% less likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to women with waist-to-height ratios of ≥0.625 (p<0.001). In addition, women with waist-to-height ratios of 0.525 to <0.625 were 77% less likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to women with waist-to-height ratios of ≥0.625 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Gender and age were associated with metabolic syndrome prevalence. Waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio seems to be the better obesity indicators to predict the presence of metabolic syndrome than body mass index and body fat percentage in both men and women.

A considerable proportion of metabolic syndrome-free adults from Bratislava-region, Slovakia, display an increased cardiometabolic burden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Miláček ◽  
Katarína Volkovová ◽  
Martin Gajdoš ◽  
Katarína Šebeková
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Although the dichotomous classification of metabolic syndrome (MS) enables the classification of individuals as MS-free or presenting MS, it is inconvenient for assessing cardiometabolic risk in MS-free ones. Continuous MS score allows for estimation of cardiometabolic burden even in MS-free subjects. We used the scores to estimate the proportion of MS-free subjects on high cardiometabolic risk. 876 subjects (62% females) of Central European descent, aged 20-81 years, were included. IDF criteria were employed to classify MS. Continuous scores were calculated. We used the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis to estimate the cutoff value to determine the proportion of MS-free subjects on increased risk. Using the waist circumference, 38% of males and 23% of females presented MS. ROC area under the curves (90-98%) showed an acceptable performance of both scores to classify the presence of MS. Up to 18% of MS-free males and up to 10% of females displayed continuous score ≥ the relevant cut-off point. The waist-to-height ratio performed similar results. Both continuous scores were proven credible for assessing cardiometabolic risk in MS-free subjects. Clinically, this is important for earlier intervention. Despite minor differences between waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, it would be appropriate to objectify it using reference population.

Predictive Capacity and Cutoff Value of Waist-to-Height Ratio in the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Romero-Saldaña ◽  
Francisco J. Fuentes-Jiménez ◽  
Manuel Vaquero-Abellán ◽  
Carlos Álvarez-Fernández ◽  
María Dolores Aguilera-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive ability of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) compared with other anthropometric indicators in the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to propose cutoff values for its early detection in nursing practice. A longitudinal cohort study was conducted on a sample of 630 workers (137 exposed and 493 nonexposed), free of MetS at baseline. WHtR was compared with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the percentage of body fat (BF%). In the Cox regression, the adjusted values of hazard ratio (HR) were 5.4 (confidence interval [CI] = [3.1, 9.5]) for WHtR and 7.4 (CI = [3.7, 14.9]) for components of MetS. WHtR obtained the largest area under the curve 0.82 (CI = [0.76, 0.88]), and with a cutoff value of 0.54, values were obtained for sensitivity (70%) and specificity (77%). WHtR was the best predictor of incidence of MetS, with a cutoff value of 0.54. Nursing can improve the early detection of MetS by measuring WHtR.

scholarly journals Predictive Ability of Waist Circumference and Waist-to-Height Ratio for Cardiometabolic Risk Screening among Spanish Children

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Arellano-Ruiz ◽  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Jorge C. García-Prieto ◽  
Mairena Sánchez-López ◽  
Vicente Martínez Vizcaíno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

An excess of fat mass has been associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk factors. Different anthropometric measures have been proposed as alternative non-invasive measures for obesity-related cardiometabolic risk. To evaluate the magnitude of association between waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome and to determine the WtHR cutoff associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic risk profile in Spanish children, data were taken from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2010 among 848 schoolchildren aged 8–11 years from 20 public schools in the province of Cuenca (Spain). Anthropometric variables, glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were also analyzed. WtHR and WC had a good accuracy for TG, insulin, and MetS. The diagnostic odds ratio ranged from 2.95 to 9.07 for WtHR and from 5.30 to 27.40 for WC. The main result of the present study suggests that both WtHR and WC could be used as a screening tool to identify children with cardiometabolic abnormalities.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of obesity-related parameters in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Miori Ogawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Sagayama ◽  
Shinsuke Tamai ◽  
Reiko Momma ◽  
Daisuke Hoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

[Purpose] Exercise is a key factor in preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome. Sumo wrestlers increase their body size from childhood for athletic advantage; however, the risk of metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers is undetermined. Preventive measures against pediatric obesity should be initiated during childhood to prevent obesity in adulthood, considering its high global incidence. We comparatively evaluated the risk factors for metabolic syndrome in junior sumo wrestlers and children with obesity.[Methods] We enrolled 70 male children (age 9–17 years [sumo group, n = 14] and 9–14 years [other sports and non-exercise groups, n = 28 each]) and evaluated their anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body mass index z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference, waist to height ratio) and hematological parameters (total, low-density, high-density, and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; triglycerides; plasma glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels).[Results] The BMI z-score, obesity rate, waist circumference (p < 0.05, along with the non-exercise group), and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher and the high-density cholesterol level was lower in the sumo group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). The waist to height ratio was significantly higher in the non-exercise group than in the other sports group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in other blood lipid, plasma glucose (significantly lower level than the reference range in the sumo group, p < 0.05), and glycated hemoglobin (within the reference range in all groups) levels among the three groups.[Conclusion] Junior sumo wrestlers had a larger body size and higher blood pressure than children with obesity who exercised regularly. This provides direction for future research into targeted preventive interventions against metabolic syndrome for junior sumo wrestlers with large body size.

scholarly journals FTO gene variant and association with overweight in Brazilian male students

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
José Fernando Vila Nova de Moraes ◽  
Orlando Laitano ◽  
Marcelo Magalhães Sales ◽  
Ricardo Yukio Asano ◽  
Vinícius Carolino de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n3p259 Obesity is considered a disease with multiple etiologies. Recent advances in technology have pointed candidate genes that are related to weight gain in several populations. However, in countries with ethnic miscegenation, such as Brazil, studies of this nature with students are still scarce. The aim of the present study was to compare anthropometric variables of Brazilian male students according to the genotypes of the rs9939609 of the FTO gene. In order to do so, 205 participants underwent body mass, height, waist circumference and skinfold thickness measurements. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage were calculated. Volunteers were characterized as overweight according to the BMI-for-age z-score. Participants were genotyped according to the single nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 of the FTO gene (AA, AT and TT). ANOVA one-way with Bonferroni’s post hoc was performed to compare genotypes and anthropometric variables. Odds Ratio was calculated to reveal increased chances of presenting higher body mass index z-score, waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage. Participants homozygous for the A allele presented significantly higher values of BMI-for-age z-score (0.38±1.01 vs. -0.29±1.15), waist circumference (77.15±6.51 vs. 72.85±7.36 cm) and waist-to-height ratio (0.44±0.04 vs. 0.42±0.04) when compared to individuals with the TT genotype. The A allele of the rs9939609 of the FTO gene seems to influence in the adiposity of male students.

scholarly journals Obesity Index That Better Predict Metabolic Syndrome: Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Waist Hip Ratio, or Waist Height Ratio

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulbari Bener ◽  
Mohammad T. Yousafzai ◽  
Sarah Darwish ◽  
Abdulla O. A. A. Al-Hamaq ◽  
Eman A. Nasralla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist Height Ratio

Aim. The aim was to compare body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR), and waist height ratio (WHtR) to identify the best predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Qatari adult population.Methods. A cross-sectional survey from April 2011 to December 2012. Data was collected from 1552 participants followed by blood sampling. MetS was defined according to Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed.Results. Among men, WC followed by WHR and WHtR yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.78; 95% CI 0.74–0.82 and 0.75; 95% CI 0.71–0.79, resp.). Among women, WC followed by WHtR yielded the highest AUC (0.81; 95% CI 0.78–0.85 & 0.79; 95% CI 0.76–0.83, resp.). Among men, WC at a cut-off 99.5 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with sensitivity 81.6% and 63.9% specificity. Among women, WC at a cut-off 91 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 86.5% and 64.7%, respectively. BMI had the lowest sensitivity and specificity in both genders.Conclusion. WC at cut-off 99.5 cm in men and 91 cm in women was the best predictor of MetS in Qatar.

scholarly journals Waist-to-Height Ratio Is a Better Anthropometric Index than Waist Circumference and BMI in Predicting Metabolic Syndrome among Obese Mexican Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edel Rafael Rodea-Montero ◽  
María Lola Evia-Viscarra ◽  
Evelia Apolinar-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Objective. To identify the degree of association between anthropometric indices and components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and to determine optimal cut-off points of these indices for predicting MS in obese adolescents.Methods. A cross-sectional study with a sample of (n=110) Mexican obese adolescents grouped by sex and the presence/absence of MS. BMI percentile, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were tested. ROC curves of the anthropometric indices were created to identify whether an index was a significant predictor of MS.Results. BMI percentile, WC, and WHtR were significantly correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. As predictors of MS overall patients, the BMI percentile generated an area under curve (AUC) of 0.651 (P=0.008), cut-off point above the 99th percentile. WC generated an AUC of 0.704 (P<0.001), cut-off point of ≥90 cm. WHtR demonstrated an AUC of 0.652 (P=0.008), cut-off point of 0.60. WHtR ≥0.62 and WHtR ≥0.61 generate AUC of 0.737 (P=0.006) and AUC of 0.717 (P=0.014) for predicting hypertension and insulin resistance, respectively, in females.Conclusion. WHtR is a better tool than WC and BMI for identifying cardiometabolic risk. The overall criterion (WHtR ≥ 0.6) could be appropriate for predicting MS in obese Mexican adolescents.

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