The attitudes of collegiate coaches toward gay and lesbian athletes in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China

2020 ◽  
pp. 101269022094314
Author(s):  
Yu-hsien Tseng ◽  
Raymond Kim-Wai Sum
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Gay And Lesbian ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
College Administrators ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Different Levels

This study focused on the attitudes of 14 collegiate coaches toward gay and lesbian athletes in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China and the experience these coaches have had with such athletes. Interview results revealed that different levels of progress in the advocacy for gender equity education and/or sexual minority topics had affected the coaches’ attitudes toward gay and lesbian student athletes. However, with increased contact, the coaches became more inclusive and tolerant toward student athletes with different sexual orientations. Moreover, coaches perceived that their primary role involved enhancing athletic performance and meeting the needs of student athletes instead of offering different training sessions and opportunities for competition. Future studies should focus on specific sport communities and include student athletes and coaches with diverse sexual orientations. College administrators should offer relevant educational programs for coaches to create dialogue and nurture a positive environment for athletes with diverse sexual orientations.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of urate-lowering therapy in people with kidney impairment: a GCAN-initiated literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish Farquhar ◽  
Ana B Vargas-Santos ◽  
Huai Leng Pisaniello ◽  
Mark Fisher ◽  
Catherine Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Impairment ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Kidney Impairment ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy, defined as achieving target serum urate <6.0 mg/dl, and safety of urate-lowering therapies (ULT) for people with gout and CKD stages 3–5. Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, were searched from 1 January 1959 to 31 January 2018 for studies that enrolled people with gout, who had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance (CrCl) of < 60 mL/min, and exposure to allopurinol, febuxostat, probenecid, benzbromarone, lesinurad or pegloticase. All study designs other than case reports were included, except for people on dialysis, for which we did include case reports. Results There were 36 reports with an analysis of efficacy and/or safety based upon renal function – allopurinol (n = 12), febuxostat (n = 10), probenecid (n = 3), benzbromarone (n = 5), lesinurad (n = 5), and pegloticase (n = 1). There were 108 reports that involved people with gout and renal impairment but did not contain any analysis on efficacy and/or safety based upon renal function – allopurinol (n = 84), febuxostat (n = 14), benzbromarone (n = 1), lesinurad (n = 3), and pegloticase (n = 6). Most studies excluded people with more severe degrees of renal impairment (eGFR or CrCl of < 30mL/min). For allopurinol in particular, there was significant variability in the dose of drug used, and efficacy in terms of urate lowering, across all levels of renal impairment. Conclusion There is a lack of evidence regarding efficacy and/or safety of currently used ULT according to different levels of renal function. Future studies should include patients with CKD and should report study outcomes stratified by renal function.

scholarly journals Integration of various scales for measurement of insomnia

2021 ◽  
pp. 263208432110100
Author(s):  
Satyendra Nath Chakrabartty
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Weighted Sum ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Normal Probability ◽  
Equivalent Test ◽  
Item Scores ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

Background Scales for evaluating insomnia differ in number of items, response format, and result in different scores distributions and score ranges and may not facilitate meaningful comparisons. Objectives Transform ordinal item-scores of three scales of insomnia to continuous, equidistant, monotonic, normally distributed scores, avoiding limitations of summative scoring of Likert scales. Methods Equidistant item-scores by weighted sum using data-driven weights to different levels of different items, considering cell frequencies of Item-Levels matrix, followed by normalization and conversion to [1, 10]. Equivalent test-scores (as sum of transformed item- scores) for a pair of scales were found by Normal Probability curves. Empirical illustration given. Results Transformed test-scores are continuous, monotonic and followed Normal distribution with no outliers and tied scores. Such test-scores facilitate ranking, better classification and meaningful comparison of scales of different lengths and formats and finding equivalent score combinations of two scales. For a given value of transformed test-score of a scale, easy alternate method avoiding integration proposed to find equivalent scores of another scales. Equivalent scores of scales help to relate various cut-off scores of different scales and uniformity in interpretations. Integration of various scales of insomnia is achieved by finding one-to-one correspondence among the equivalent score of various scales with correlation over 0.99 Conclusion Resultant test-scores facilitated undertaking analysis in parametric set up. Considering the theoretical advantages including meaningfulness of operations, better comparison, use of such method of transforming scores of Likert items/test is recommended test and items, Future studies were suggested.

Thermal stresses in multilevel interconnections: Aluminum lines at different levels

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2219-2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y-L. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Level Lines ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Staggered Arrangement ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Different Levels

Numerical results on the evolution of thermal stresses in multilevel interconnects are presented. Two levels of aluminum lines with an aspect ratio of unity, aligned vertically or arranged in a staggered manner, are considered by recourse to the finite element analysis. The stresses are found to be significantly higher in the lower-level lines than in the upper-level lines, for both the aligned and staggered arrangements. The stress magnitudes are generally smaller in lines of staggered arrangement, compared to the case of aligned lines. Implications of the present findings are discussed, with directions of future studies highlighted.

Local Relations and Their Postcolonial Outlooks

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-37
Author(s):  
Helena Y.W. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Multiple Realities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Museum Exhibitions ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Cultural Connotations ◽  
Different Levels

With an eye to museum exhibitions, governments’ narratives, historical accounts and scholarly analyses, among others, Chapter 1 examines the underlying political, social and cultural connotations in different narratives about Hong Kong. By uncovering the hegemony of representing Hong Kong through “the Hong Kong story”, the chapter exposes the unequal powers at work, arguing for the need to hybridize different local milieus, positionings and perspectives by redistributing significances to both human and nonhuman agencies and rekindling connections to Hong Kong’s local on different levels. Highlighting the interconnection between the social, political and cultural realms in facilitating representation, interpretation and mediation, the chapter maps out the multiple realities, contrasting stances and varied connotations wherein different “Hong Kongs” are constructed and local relations are entailed in varying constellations.

scholarly journals Unveiling the Feeding Behavior of Tibraca limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Rice Using an Electropenetrography Waveform Library

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Cirilo de S Almeida ◽  
Flávio Gonçalves de Jesus ◽  
José Alexandre F Barrigossi
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Plant Surface ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Rice Pests ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Rice Stalks ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The rice stalk stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris Stål, damages plant stalks while feeding, making it one of the most important rice pests in South America. Because the feeding behavior of T. limbativentris has not yet been studied in rice, we investigated T. limbativentris stylet penetration (probing) in rice stalks. A waveform library was created using the new AC-DC EPG monitor with different levels of input resistance (Ri). Six different waveforms were recorded and correlated via histological studies and grouped into three phases: non-probing waveforms (Z and Np), pathway waveforms (Tl1), and ingestion waveforms (Tl2 and Tl3). The Z waveform was observed when the stink bug was standing still on the plant surface, Np when the stink bug was walking on plant surface, Tl1 was associated with stylet insertion and deep penetration into the plant tissue, and Tl2 when the stink bug was feeding on xylem vessels. The Tl3 waveform was associated with the rupture of stalk cells and was divided into two subtypes (Tl3a and Tl3b). The Tl3a waveform probably represents cell laceration with combined enzymatic maceration of stalk tissues, while Tl3b represents a short ingestion period of macerated tissues. Tibraca limbativentris uses two strategies to feed on rice stalks: a salivary sheath for feeding on xylem vessels and cell rupture (laceration and maceration) for feeding on parenchyma cells. Our study provides crucial benchmark definitions of waveforms. Future studies can now compare effects of treatments on stink bug feeding, to ultimately improve management of this pest in rice.

Critical supply chain vulnerabilities affecting supply chain resilience of industrialized construction in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M.A.C. Ekanayake ◽  
Geoffrey Qiping Shen ◽  
Mohan Kumaraswamy ◽  
Emmanuel Kingsford Owusu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Significance Analysis ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeIndustrialized construction (IC) has been recognized as a game-changing approach in Hong Kong (HK). However, the increasing risks of disruptions in IC supply chains (SCs) raise SC vulnerability levels, prompting attention to developing supply chain resilience (SCR). Since SCR is only attainable through overcoming critical supply chain vulnerabilities (CSCV) with enhanced SC capabilities, this study first aimed to determine the most CSCV of ICSCs by addressing this current research gap and practical need.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on SCV factors identified from a precursor literature review, an empirical study of IC in HK was conducted using a questionnaire survey and interviews with industry experts. Focussed significance analysis of the data collected through questionnaire survey enabled the selection of 26 CSCV as appropriate to IC. Next, factor analysis was conducted, enabling the grouping of these CSCV under five components. The results were verified and reinforced by interview findings.FindingsThe results revealed 26 CSCV pertinent to resilient ICSCs in HK with five underlying components: economic, technological, procedural, organizational and production-based vulnerabilities. Loss of skilled labour is the most critical vulnerability, whereas organizational SCV is the most critical component identified.Originality/valueFindings of this study would motivate IC project professionals to appreciate and address the CSCV in the context of five components and thereby develop adequate specific capabilities to successfully withstand these CSCV. This should trigger future studies to map CSCV with appropriate capabilities in developing an envisaged powerful assessment model for evaluating the SCR in IC in HK.

scholarly journals A cross-linguistic and bilingual evaluation of the interdependence between lexical and grammatical domains

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
GABRIELA SIMON-CEREIJIDO ◽  
VERA F. GUTIÉRREZ-CLELLEN
Keyword(s):  
Latino Children ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Bilingual Learners ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Semantic Development ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine within- and across-language relationships between lexical and grammatical domains by focusing on measures of lexical diversity and grammatical complexity in Spanish and English. One hundred ninety-six preschool and school-aged Latino children with different levels of English and Spanish proficiencies and different language abilities produced narratives in Spanish, English, or both. Analyses revealed strong associations between lexical (number of different words and number of different verbs) and grammatical measures (mean length of utterances in words and use of ditransitive predicates), supporting the domain interdependence hypothesis within a language. Cross-linguistic comparisons indicate a greater diversity of verbs and ditransitive predicates in Spanish compared to English for this population. In the language samples of children who produced narratives in the two languages, there was no relationship between the two domains across languages. The lack of cross-language correlations may be related to other variables influencing lexical and semantic development in bilingual learners. Methodological issues to be considered in future studies with bilingual speakers are discussed.

scholarly journals In/Visible Physical Education and the Public Health Agenda of Physical Literacy Development in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim-Wai Raymond Sum ◽  
Ming-Hui Li ◽  
Siu-Ming Choi ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Rui-Si Ma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Health Agenda

In this article, we will explore the recent development of physical literacy in the Hong Kong context and how the concept and operation of physical literacy implicitly exist at different levels of the Hong Kong education system. The Physical Education profession will be introduced. The development of physical literacy in terms of research and operationalization in primary, secondary, and tertiary education will then be discussed. We will go on to explore the challenges of extending the impact of physical literacy to the field of public health in Hong Kong. The article will end with a closing remark adopting the Chinese philosophies of Confucianism and Taoism to justify the belief that physical literacy is both implicitly and invisibly rooted in the Hong Kong Chinese culture.

scholarly journals MP21: An interprofessional delirium assessment tool for healthcare professionals and trainees working in the emergency department

CJEM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
pp. S72
Author(s):  
B. Balasubramanaiam ◽  
J. Chenkin ◽  
T.G. Snider ◽  
D. Melady ◽  
J.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Delirium Assessment ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Clinical Vignettes ◽  
Geriatric Emergency Medicine ◽  
Different Levels

Introduction: Multiple studies since the ‘90’s demonstrate that ED staff fail to identify delirium in up to 75% of older patients. Those patients who are discharged have a 3-fold increased mortality. Methods: We iteratively developed a 14-item interprofessional tool with 4 clinical vignettes to assess comfort, knowledge and ability to identify delirium among medical students, EM residents, staff MDs and RNs. We conducted a prospective observational study using modified Dillman survey methodology. Surveys were sent on paper to residents and nurses and online to medical students and staff MDs. Results: Our response rate was 68% (38/56) for residents, 80%(16/20) for RNs; but only 37%(13/35) for staff MDs and 13%(139/1036) for medical students. Comfort with identifying delirium increased with level of medical training; 38/139(27%) 1st-4th year medical students (MS1-MS4); 25/38(66%) 1st-5th year residents (R1-R5); and 12/13(92%) staff physicians reported being comfortable (χ2=34.7, df=2, p<0.001). MS1-MS2 were the least comfortable, with only 5/82(6%) reporting comfort, increasing to 33/57(58%) among MS3-MS4 (χ2=44.9, df=1, p<0.001). A greater proportion of R4-R5 who completed a geriatric emergency medicine (Geri-EM) curriculum reported comfort, 11/12(92%) compared to 14/26(54%) of R1-R3 (χ2=19.2, df=1, p<0.05). Only 5/16(31%) nurses reported being comfortable with identifying delirium. Ability to identify all 4 clinical vignettes correctly was higher among MS3-MS4 than MS1-MS2 (32/57(56%) vs. 30/82(37%), χ2=5.2, df=1, p<0.05). There was no difference between respondents from different levels of medical training (62/139(45%) MS1-MS4, 21/38(55%) R1-R5 and 6/13(46%) staff MDs, χ2=1.4, df=2 p=0.52). There was no effect of Geri-EM completion on perfect vignette scores (6/12(50%) R4-R5 vs. 15/26(58%) R1-R3, χ2=0.20, df=1, p=0.66). There was a trend towards a lower proportion of nurses who identified all 4 clinical vignettes correctly compared to physicians (4/16(25%) vs. 27/51(53%), χ2=3.82, df=1, p=0.051). Conclusion: Our tool may be useful for assessing comfort and knowledge of delirium among ED physicians and nurses. Completion of the Geri-EM curriculum was associated with increased comfort with detecting delirium but not knowledge. Future studies should assess current ED delirium comfort and knowledge at different levels of training; between professions and examine differences nationwide.

Bias in discriminating very mild dementia for older adults with different levels of education in Hong Kong

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfang Chang ◽  
Chi-Shing Tse ◽  
Grace Tak Yu Leung ◽  
Ada Wai Tung Fung ◽  
Kit-Tai Hau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Education Groups ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTBackground:Education has a profound effect on older adults’ cognitive performance. In Hong Kong, some dementia screening tasks were originally designed for developed population with, on average, higher education.Methods:We compared the screening power of these tasks for Chinese older adults with different levels of education. Community-dwelling older adults who were healthy (N = 383) and with very mild dementia (N = 405) performed the following tasks: Mini-Mental State Examination, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscales, Verbal Fluency, Abstract Thinking, and Visual/Digit Span. Logistic regression was used to examine the power of these tasks to predict Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR 0.5 vs. 0).Results:Logistic regression analysis showed that while the screening power of the total scores in all tasks was similar for high and low education groups, there were education biases in some items of these tasks.Conclusion:The differential screening power in high and low education groups was not identical across items in some tasks. Thus, in cognitive assessments, we should exercise great caution when using these potentially biased items for older adults with limited education.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document