The World of Small Business: A Suggested Typology

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee E. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
New Business ◽  
Post Industrial

Detailed study of a sample of more than 200 originally-small firms in a single major industrial area, plus an examination of new business successes as identified by Fortune, reveals five major types of small enterprises, only a minority of which can be described as successful “post-industrial” activities based on new areas of knowledge and new sources of demand. By far the overwhelming portion of the firms studied were found to be operating within traditional “small business industries”, in highly specialized activities with very small total demand, and in satellite roles to major industries or large firms.

Using Subjective Evaluations of Organizational Performance in Small Business Research

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry J. Sapienza ◽  
Ken G. Smith ◽  
Martin J. Gannon
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Business Research ◽  
Objective Information ◽  
Subjective Evaluations

Frequently small business researchers cannot obtain accurate objective information on organizational performance. However, an important research study of 26 large firms completed by Dess and Robinson (1984) has suggested that researchers can, in certain instances, use subjective evaluations of organizational performance when accurate objective measures are unavailable. The present study of 34 small firms was designed to partially replicate and to extend the Dess and Robinson study. However, none of the significant correlations in the Dess and Robinson study were replicated in the present study. Reasons for these discrepancies are discussed within the context of developing a set of guidelines for using subjective evaluations in small business research.

System Analysis of Small Business: Structure Heterogeneity and Sustainability

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Natalia E. Egorova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Mesoscale System ◽  
Structure Heterogeneity ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Stability

The article provides system analysis of small business. The paper presents quantitative indicators of the development of the subjects of Russian small business contained in various statistical databases (Rosstat, Federal Tax Service), reveals the incompatibility of the data, which complicates the analysis of the considered sector of the national economy. It is concluded that the scale of development of small business is insufficient, which does not allow for the full implementation of its inherent functions. The necessity of supplementing the quantitative approach with a qualitative analysis of small business as a mesoscale system has been substantiated. The concept of heterogeneity of its structure is introduced, characterized by the presence of a triad of categories (“kids”, “genetic dwarfs”, “transformers”) and a triad of subcategories (“travelers”, “reorganizers”, “imago”) that determine the composition of “transformers”. Their system functions have been studied and it was concluded that the relationship between them, on one hand, determines the systemic stability of small business, and on the other hand, creates a “portrait” of small business in a particular state. Based on the proposed methodological principles, the specificity of the Russian small business model has been formulated, namely that the SME sector is currently not able to be the basis of a market economy, and the model itself is structurally unbalanced. Its distinguishing features include a low share of innovative oriented enterprises comprising “kids” and “dwarfs”, a significant number of small firms working in economic symbiosis with large enterprises, a relatively short life cycle of all categories of small businesses, a high share of imago and retiring due to the loss-making of small enterprises etc. The specifics of the implementation of micro-level development strategies of various categories of small enterprises is the use of credit resources of banks, increasing the stability of their functioning (including increasing their life cycle) have been considered. The necessity of a differentiated approach to the implementation of the mesoscale strategy of state support of small businesses has been substantiated. The conclusion has drawn on the importance of transforming the existing infrastructure to support Russian small business, and in particular – the importance of the role of state aid in times of crisis. Supporting measures for small enterprises in the context of the corona-virus pandemic in Russia and in foreign countries have been considered.

CREATING INDEPENDENT ADVOCATES FOR ENTREPRENEURS WITHIN GOVERNMENT: SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE SMALL BUSINESS COMMISSIONER MODEL

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 299-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL T. SCHAPER
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Recent Attempt ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
Territory Government ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes

This paper provides a critical overview of a recent attempt to create an independent statutory "voice" for small enterprises within the formal government bureaucracy in one Australian jurisdiction. It discusses the creation and eighteen months of activity of the Small Business Commissioner of the Australian Capital Territory. In 2003 the ACT government foreshadowed that, as part of its strategy to create the most small-business-friendly location in Australia, it would establish a Small Business Commissioner as a statutory appointment. The Legislative Assembly passed the Small Business Commissioner Act in 2004 and activity began in March 2005. The key activities of the Commissioner have been to examine small business complaints about ACT government agencies; to promote the use of mediation and/or other alternative dispute resolution tools for the settlement of disputes between small enterprises and other businesses; to provide independent advice to the Territory government about laws, regulations and policies that may affect small firms; to oversee the introduction of small business service charters within government agencies; and to establish a more "business friendly" service culture within ACT government agencies. On one hand, it is clear that a Commissioner role has a potentially significant strategic importance for small and medium-sized enterprises, principally through the provision of independent commentary, pushing for red tape and regulatory reduction, and by providing mediation services and investigative functions. However, there are also some current problems with the role. These include potential overlap with other regulatory and investigative bodies; lack of formal compulsive powers; its dependence on political support for its effectiveness; insufficient resources; and the nature of the relationship it has with other government entities.

Labor Productivity in Large and Small Enterprises

1980 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Manufacturing Trade ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Large Enterprises

Using the 1972 Enterprise Statistics of the U.S. Census Bureau, the labor productivity (receipts divided by employment) of large enterprises exceeded that of small firms by an average of 13.4% for 192 industries in manufacturing, trade, services, construction, and mining. The lowest productivities were typically found in firms with 10 to 99 employees. In almost a third of the industries, such firms had productivity below 80% of the average for their industries. There are implications for antitrust and for small business assistance policies.

Problems of Small Business Development in the Context of Tax Changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Yu. Dvoretskaya ◽  
O. Kuznetsova ◽  
L. Ermakova
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Tax Changes

The article reflects modern trends in the development of domestic small business entities – problems related to their reduction and volatility of financial indicators of activity have been identified. The authors noted the positive and negative characteristics of the modern tax environment for small businesses in Russia (paying special attention to the possibility of abolishing the special tax regime on payment of ENVD), proposed a model of optimization of the internal tax mechanism for small enterprises. The recommended model focuses on changing the activities of small firms in response to tax changes (both from an organizational and industry perspective). It is proposed to choose types of business activities that allow to minimize fiscal burden for small businesses.

A Comparison of Insurance and Pension Plans in Large and Small Firms

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Business Manager ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Retirement Benefits ◽  
The Cost

The study reported in this article was designed to identify the specific insurance and retirement benefits which the small plan may be lacking in comparison with larger firms and evaluate how small business managers may stretch benefit dollars. The findings indicate that most large firms offer superior benefit packages and utilize contributory approaches, where the employee contributes to the cost of the benefit, more extensively than small firms. It is suggested that contributory approaches may help the small business manager increase benefits in a manner that more effectively allocates company expenditures only to employees who need the coverage while decreasing the company's cost of providing benefits.

scholarly journals Priority Activities of Small Business in Ukraine and Trends in Their Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalii KUDELSKYI ◽  
Anastasia POTURNIAK
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
The State ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Ease Of Doing Business ◽  
Business Entities

The main types of activity of small enterprises in Ukraine are investigated in the article. The ratio of the number of small enterprises to the total number of enterprises in the country and the share of micro-enterprises is determined. The influence of small enterprises on the socio-economic development of the country is studied. The state of development of small business in the world is studied. The share of small enterprises in the total number of enterprises is analyzed. The share of small enterprises in the structure of GDP is studied. The number of employees employed in small businesses is analyzed. The importance of small business functioning for the national economy through integrated indicators is substantiated. The branches and types of economic activity of Ukraine are analyzed and the best ones are singled out according to the number of small enterprises and their share in the total volume of enterprises of the country, according to the level of employment and by the volume of sold products. The dynamics of development of small enterprises of Ukraine is analyzed. Significant growth rates of financial results of small enterprises and prerequisites for their effective operation have been identified. The most attractive activities for small enterprises in Ukraine are analyzed. The structure of small business entities by types of economic activity is studied. The place of Ukraine in the world ranking of ease of doing business «Doing Bussines-2020» is studied. The national problems that hinder the development of small enterprises in Ukraine are studied. A comparative analysis of Ukraine and the countries of the post-Soviet space is carried out and the main positive changes and existing unresolved problems are indicated. Ways to eliminate bureaucratic obstacles by creating (functioning) direct financial support from the state and simplifying the procedure for obtaining it are proposed. The experience of foreign countries in state support of small business is considered. The problems of small business development in Ukraine are studied and the ways of solution which will promote further development are offered.

scholarly journals Untangling the Origins of Sustainable Commitment: New Insights on the Small vs. Large Firms’ Debate

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cantele ◽  
Silvia Vernizzi ◽  
Bettina Campedelli
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Business Case ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Commitment ◽  
Strategic Csr

The sustainable development challenge is increasingly being included in entrepreneurs’ agendas. Firms are considered responsible for social and environmental effects but are also considered as social actors that can effectively incorporate sustainability solutions into market transactions. The literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in small business has depicted these firms as less involved in sustainability management implementation owing to resource constraints and limited perception of the business case for sustainability. Further, studies on both small business and sustainable entrepreneurship have highlighted the pivotal role of entrepreneurs’ values in motivating a more sustainable way of conducting business while, large companies, driven by external pressures, are more focused on a strategic CSR approach than small firms. Starting from these premises, the paper aims to identify the main drivers or barriers of sustainability implementation and to verify any significant differences between small and large-sized companies in their approach to sustainability practices implementation. The study adopts a qualitative research method based on semi-structured interviews addressing 22 participants from Italian firms of different sizes selected for their social and environmental commitment. The findings of the study highlight the existence of some common features among small and large firms, in particular, regarding motivations, entrepreneur values, and business vision, contributing new perspectives to the sustainable entrepreneurship debate.

scholarly journals Brand Management and Business Performance in Mexican Small Business

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Maldonado-Guzman ◽  
Jesus Francisco Mellado-Siller ◽  
Edith Reyes-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Core

Brand management is a relatively new topic in marketing literature and it is considered by several researchers, academics and professionals, as one of the most important business strategies that allow not only a significant growth of the business performance of small enterprises, but also their continuity in the market where they participate. Similarly, brand management has also been analyzed and discussed at the core of enterprises and there are relatively few investigations that focus on small enterprises, and there are even less researches carried out in developing countries. For these reasons, the main goal of this empirical research is the analysis and discussion of the effects of brand management on the level of business performance in small enterprises, by using a sample of 300 small firms and by implementing a model of structural equations of second order, that can provide a deeper understanding of the current relation between brand management and business performance. The results obtained show that brand management has a positive and significant in the level of business performance in small enterprises.

scholarly journals THE PROSPECTS OF SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Рашад Мугабил оглы Албендов
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World

Цель статьи - рассмотреть динамику развития малого бизнеса в экономике России и наметить вектор его дальнейшего движения. Важность малого бизнеса признана во всем мире, малые предприятия создают рабочие места и обеспечивают существенную долю населения доходами, что позволяет говорить об актуальности рассматриваемой темы. В статье рассматриваются проблемы и сложности развития и расширения малого бизнеса. Элемент научной новизны заключается в выявлении некоторых проблем малого бизнеса на современном этапе. The purpose of the article is to consider the dynamics of small business development in the Russian economy and outline the vector of its further movement. The importance of small businesses is recognized throughout the world, small enterprises create jobs and provide a significant share of the population with incomes, which allows us to talk about the relevance of the topic. The article discusses the problems and complexities of small business development and expansion. An element of scientific novelty is the identification of some problems of small businesses at the present stage.

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