The Importance of Possible Selves in Family Resilience Among Puerto Rican Survivors of Hurricane Maria Displaced to Orlando, Florida

2021 ◽  
pp. 104438942110144
Author(s):  
Abbie Nelson ◽  
Pilar Horner ◽  
Daniel Vélez Ortiz ◽  
Mikiko Sato
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Possible Selves ◽  
Family Resilience ◽  
Resilience Theory ◽  
Possible Selves Theory ◽  
The Impact

Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017. The devastation displaced many families and led to negative mental health outcomes. We use the intersection of Oyserman’s possible selves’ theory and Walsh’s family resilience theory, to aid in elucidating the process of positive familial coping within resilience among Latinx families. Nine different family units participated in an art-based intervention and subsequent focus groups in Florida in November 2018. Grounded theory guided analysis, and themes emerged using intersecting aspects of the above-mentioned theories. Understanding the impact that positive familial selves have on resilience can lead to future development of family interventions and a better understanding of how to foster resilience.

scholarly journals The impact of sitting time and physical activity on mental health during COVID-19 lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Pears ◽  
Susanna Kola-Palmer ◽  
Liane Beretta De Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical activity (PA) and sitting time on adults’ mental health (i.e., depression, anxiety and wellbeing) and the influence of mediators and confounders. Methods An online survey was disseminated in the UK between May and June 2020. A total of 284 participants (33.5 ± 12.4 years) self-reported their PA, sitting time and mental health through validated questionnaires. Results Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that being of younger age, female, on a lower income, with one or more comorbid health conditions, with a previous diagnosis of mood disorder and increased sitting time independently correlated with higher depression scores (F (13,219) = 12.31, p < 0.001), and explained 42% of the variance. Similar results were found for wellbeing where socio-demographic, health outcomes and sitting time influenced the subjective wellbeing (F (14,218) = 5.77, p < 0.001, 27% variance), although only socio-demographic and health outcomes contributed to the variation in anxiety score (F (13,219) = 7.84, p < 0.001, 32% variance). PA did not explain variation when sitting time was taken into account in any of the models. Combined analysis revealed that participants with lower sedentary time (< 8 h) and with both low or moderate and high PA presented a significantly lower depression score [low PA: (B = −2.7, 95% CI −4.88, −0.52); moderate and high PA (B = −2.7, −4.88, −0.52)]. Conclusion Sitting time was strongly associated with adverse mental health during COVID-19 lockdown and should be considered in future public health recommendations.

The Impact of Mobile Application Systems Use on Mental Health Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the Effect of Systems Usage on Anxiety, Worry, & Emotional Reactivity Among Participants in the Unwinding Anxiety Program (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Nardi ◽  
Alexandra Roy ◽  
Shira Dunsiger ◽  
Judson Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Mobile health applications provide a promising avenue to help mitigate the burden on mental health services by complimenting therapist-led treatments for anxiety. However, it remains unclear how specific systems' use of application components (i.e., tools) may be associated with changes in clinical symptomatology (i.e., anxiety, worry). OBJECTIVE This study was a secondary analysis of systems usage data from the Stage I randomized controlled trial testing the impact of the Unwinding Anxiety mobile application among adults with GAD. This secondary analysis was conducted to assess how using specific application tools may be associated with improvements in anxiety, worry, emotional regulation, and interoceptive awareness. METHODS We present analyses of the intervention group (i.e., those who received the Unwinding Anxiety program) during the Stage 1 trial. Total use of specific mobile application tools (i.e., ecological tools, meditation practices, educational modules) as well use specific to each tool (e.g., stress meter, lovingkindness meditation practice) were calculated. We utilized multivariate linear models to investigate the effect of total use of these tools on anxiety, worry, interoceptive awareness, emotional regulation at 2-months post-program initiation controlling for baseline scores, age, and education level. In addition, associations between systems usage metrics and baseline participant characteristics were assessed for differences in usage groupings. RESULTS The sample was primarily female (n=25; 92.6%) and the average age was 42.9 years old (SD=15.6) and educational module completion, the central intervention component, averaged 20.2 + 11.4 modules out of XXX for the total sample. Multivariate models revealed that completing >75% of the program was associated with an average 22.6-point increase in interoceptive awareness (SE=8.32, p=0.013) and an 11.6-point decrease in worry (SE=4.12, p=0.009). In addition, a single log unit change in total number of meditations was associated with a 0.95-point reduction in GAD-7 scores (SE=0.27, p=0.005) while a single log unit use of the stress meter was associated with an average of a 0.5-point increase in emotional regulation scores (FFMQ) (SE=0.21, p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS The work presented offers a clearer understanding of the impact of specific mobile app systems use on mental health outcomes. In addition, this research lays the groundwork for future comprehensive investigations of systems usage in dosing studies for health behavior change. CLINICALTRIAL Developing a Novel Digital Therapeutic for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (NCT03683472).

scholarly journals Understanding and evaluating new models of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in South-East England: a study protocol for an observational mixed-methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e024230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Rocks ◽  
Melissa Stepney ◽  
Margaret Glogowska ◽  
Mina Fazel ◽  
Apostolos Tsiachristas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Adolescent Mental Health ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
South East England ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionIncreased demand for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), alongside concerns that services should be better commissioned to meet the needs of the most vulnerable, has contributed to a requirement to transform services to improve accessibility, quality of care and health outcomes. Following the submission of government-mandated transformation plans for CAMHS, services in England are changing in how, where and by whom they are delivered. This protocol describes the research methods to be applied to understand CAMHS transformations and evaluate the impact on the use of mental health services, patient care, satisfaction, health outcomes and health resource utilisation costs.Methods and analysisA mixed-methods approach will be taken in an observational retrospective study of CAMHS provided by a large National Health Service (NHS) mental health trust in South-East England (Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust). Quantitative research will include descriptive analysis of routinely collected data, with difference-in-differences analysis supplemented with propensity score matching performed to assess the impact of CAMHS transformations from 2015 onwards. An economic evaluation will be conducted from a healthcare perspective to provide commissioners with indications of value for money. Qualitative research will include observations of services and interviews with key stakeholders including CAMHS staff, service users and guardians, to help identify mechanisms leading to changes in service delivery, as well as barriers and enabling factors in this phase of transformation.Ethics and disseminationThis project has been registered with NHS Oxford Health Foundation Trust as a service evaluation. Informed consent will be sought from all stakeholders partaking in interviews according to good clinical practice. A local data sharing protocol will govern the transfer of quantitative data. Study findings will be published in professional journals for NHS managers and peer-reviewed scientific journals. They will be discussed in seminars targeting CAMHS providers, managers and commissioners and presented at scientific conferences.

Longitudinal Effects of Gendered Harassment Perpetration and Victimization on Mental Health Outcomes in Adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5997-6016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Rinehart ◽  
Dorothy L. Espelage ◽  
Kristen L. Bub
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Homophobic Name Calling ◽  
Gendered Harassment

Gendered harassment, including sexual harassment and homophobic name-calling, is prevalent in adolescents and is linked to negative outcomes including depression, anxiety, suicidality, substance abuse, and personal distress. However, much of the extant literature is cross-sectional and rarely are perpetrators of these behaviors included in studies of outcomes. Therefore, the current study examined the effects of longitudinal changes in gendered harassment perpetration and victimization on changes in mental health outcomes among a large sample of early adolescents. Given that these behaviors commonly occur in the context of a patriarchal society (males hold power), we also investigated the impact of gender on gendered harassment. Participants included 3,549 students from four Midwestern middle schools (50.4% female, 49% African American, 34% White) at two time points (13 and 17 years old). Results indicated that increases from age 13 to 17 years in sexual harassment perpetration and victimization and homophobic name-calling perpetration and victimization predicted increases in depression symptoms and substance use. Gender did not moderate these pathways. These findings highlight that negative outcomes are associated with changes in gendered harassment among adolescents and emphasize the importance of prevention efforts. Implications for school interventions are discussed.

The impact of childhood parental quality on mental health outcomes in older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Burns ◽  
V. Loh ◽  
J.E. Byles ◽  
H.L. Kendig
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Parental Quality ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of Internet-Based Interventions on Caregiver Mental Health: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Sherifali ◽  
Muhammad Usman Ali ◽  
Jenny Ploeg ◽  
Maureen Markle-Reid ◽  
Ruta Valaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internet Based Intervention

BACKGROUND The health of informal caregivers of adults with chronic conditions is increasingly vital since caregivers comprise a large proportion of supportive care to family members living in the community. Due to efficiency and reach, internet-based interventions for informal caregivers have the potential to mitigate the negative mental health outcomes associated with caregiving. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the impact of internet-based interventions on caregiver mental health outcomes and the impact of different types of internet-based intervention programs. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and AgeLine databases were searched for randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials published from January 1995 to April 2017 that compared internet-based intervention programs with no or minimal internet-based interventions for caregivers of adults with at least 1 chronic condition. The inclusion criteria were studies that included (1) adult informal caregivers (aged 18 years or older) of adults living in the community with a chronic condition; (2) an internet-based intervention program to deliver education, support, or monitoring to informal caregivers; and (3) outcomes of mental health. Title and abstract and full-text screening were completed in duplicate. Data were extracted by a single reviewer and verified by a second reviewer, and risk of bias assessments were completed accordingly. Where possible, data for mental health outcomes were meta-analyzed. RESULTS The search yielded 7923 unique citations of which 290 studies were screened at full-text. Of those, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria; 11 were randomized controlled trials, 1 study was a controlled clinical trial, and 1 study comprised both study designs. Beneficial effects of any internet-based intervention program resulted in a mean decrease of 0.48 points (95% CI –0.75 to –0.22) for stress and distress and a mean decrease of 0.40 points (95% CI –0.58 to –0.22) for anxiety among caregivers. For studies that examined internet-based information and education plus professional psychosocial support, the meta-analysis results showed small to medium beneficial effect sizes of the intervention for the mental health outcomes of depression (–0.34; 95% CI –0.63 to –0.05) and anxiety (–0.36; 95% CI –0.66 to –0.07). Some suggestion of a beneficial effect on overall health for the use of information and education plus combined peer and professional support was also shown (1.25; 95% CI 0.24 to 2.25). Overall, many studies were of poor quality and were rated at high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS The review found evidence for the benefit of internet-based intervention programs on mental health for caregivers of adults living with a chronic condition, particularly for the outcomes of caregiver depression, stress and distress, and anxiety. The types of interventions that predominated as efficacious included information and education with or without professional psychological support, and, to a lesser extent, with combined peer and psychological support. Further high-quality research is needed to inform the effectiveness of interactive, dynamic, and multicomponent internet-based interventions. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42017075436; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=75436 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/709M3tDvn)

The Impact of Psychosocial Factors on Health and Retention Outcomes for People Living With HIV: Implications for Rehabilitation Counselors and Educators

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
Yung-Chen Jen Chiu ◽  
K. B. Boomer ◽  
Liza M. Conyers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Despite medical advancements that have significantly improved the health outcomes of people living with HIV (PLWH), many do not achieve optimal health outcomes due to psychosocial barriers. This 5-year retrospective longitudinal study draws upon the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework to conceptualize the relationships between personal and environmental factors and health and retention outcomes among a sample of 704 PLWH in Pennsylvania. A generalized estimated equations (GEE) model was used to model retention in care outcomes (at least one medical visit every 6 months) and a general linear mixed (GLM) model was used to analyze immune system health outcomes (CD4%). This exploratory study reveals that gender, age, race, use of antiretroviral (ARV) medications, use of case management service, mental health diagnosis, and alcohol use were significantly associated with retention in care, whereas race, ethnicity, gender, mental health treatment, use of ARV medications, use of case management services, and retention in care status were significantly associated with the immune system health outcome of CD4%. The results suggest a need for rehabilitation interventions to address key psychosocial issues, as rehabilitation counselors have a unique skill set to address the medical case management needs of individuals with HIV. Implications for rehabilitation counselors and educators are discussed.

Supporting People Who Experience Co-Existing Mental Health and Addiction Problems

2016 ◽  
pp. 251-270
Author(s):  
Ashley Koning ◽  
Suzette Janet Poole
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Support Services ◽  
International Research ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Addiction Services ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Approach

Meeting the needs of people with co-existing mental health and addiction problems is a challenge faced by many mental health and addiction services and providers. A compounding factor has been the separation of mental health and addiction services which has meant that many people with co-existing mental health and addiction problems have fallen through the cracks between services or had issues not recognized or responded to, leading to poor health outcomes. This chapter describes the approach taken by New Zealand's workforce development centers to support services to improve responsiveness and workforce capability to work with people with co-existing mental health and addiction problems. International research on implementation is briefly summarized before discussion about the impact of the national approach and the barriers to implementation that have emerged. Recommendations for next steps conclude this chapter.

scholarly journals The Impact of Distal Influences and Proximal Resources on the Mental Health of African American Older Adults: Findings From the Georgia Centenarian Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meneka C Johnson Nicholson ◽  
Peter Martin ◽  
Megan Gilligan ◽  
Carolyn E Cutrona ◽  
Daniel W Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
African American Older Adults

Abstract Background and Objectives Over the years, a large amount of research has been devoted to the investigation of factors that led to mental health outcomes in older adults. For African American older adults, their lived experiences place them at high risk for mental health problems. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of early life influences (i.e., education, childhood life events, and childhood financial well-being) and present psychosocial resources (i.e., individual, financial, and social) on current mental health outcomes in a sample of African American older adults in their 60s, 80s, and 100s. Research Design and Methods Using data from the Georgia Centenarian Study, 125 participants were interviewed about their mental health, resources, and early life influences. Results A structural equation model was tested and resulted in a good fit. Results indicated that the more social resources African American older adults had available, the lower the number of depressive symptoms they reported. African Americans with higher levels of financial well-being during childhood reported higher self-rated mental health. Older adults had higher levels of financial resources. Level of education showed a positive relationship with financial resources. Indirect effects of distal influences on health outcomes via current resources were not found. Discussion and Implications The findings are of direct practical relevance and can be used to more readily identify older African Americans who may be susceptible to poorer mental health outcomes based upon the impact of their unique distal and proximal psychosocial resources.

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