Self-Management of Cardiac Pain in Women: A Meta-Summary of the Qualitative Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1769-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Kristin Bjørnnes ◽  
Monica Parry ◽  
Marit Leegaard ◽  
Ana Patricia Ayala ◽  
Erica Lenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Extraction ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cardiac Pain ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Symptom recognition and self-management is instrumental in reducing the number of deaths related to coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. The purpose of this study was to synthesize qualitative research evidence on the self-management of cardiac pain and associated symptoms in women. Seven databases were systematically searched, and the concepts of the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory were used as the framework for data extraction and analysis. Search strategies yielded 22,402 citations, from which 35 qualitative studies were included in a final meta-summary, comprising data from 769 participants, including 437 (57%) women. The available literature focused cardiac pain self-management from a binary sex and gender perspective. Ethnicity was indicated in 19 (54%) studies. Results support individualized intervention strategies that promote goal setting and action planning, management of physical and emotional responses, and social facilitation provided through social support.

scholarly journals ‘'Sex Changes'? Paradigm Shifts in ‘Sex’ and ‘Gender’ following the Gender Recognition Act?’

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Whittle ◽  
Lewis Turner
Keyword(s):  
Sex Change ◽  
Gender Recognition ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Gender Variance ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Legal Understanding

Gender transformations are normatively understood as somatic, based on surgical reassignment, where the sexed body is aligned with the gender identity of the individual through genital surgery – hence the common lexicon ‘sex change surgery’. We suggest that the UK Gender Recognition Act 2004 challenges what constitutes a ‘sex change’ through the Act's definitions and also the conditions within which legal ‘recognition’ is permitted. The sex/gender distinction, (where sex normatively refers to the sexed body, and gender, to social identity) is demobilised both literally and legally. This paper discusses the history of medico-socio-legal definitions of sex have been developed through decision making processes when courts have been faced with people with gender variance and, in particular, the implications of the Gender Recognition Act for our contemporary legal understanding of sex. We ask, and attempt to answer, has ‘sex’ changed?

scholarly journals Listening to Local and Foreign Sex Buyers of Men and Women in Cambodia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-79
Author(s):  
Samantha Sommer Miller ◽  
Glenn Miles ◽  
James Havey
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sex Industry ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Bisexual Males ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sexual Services

Research on prostitution and trafficking has largely focused on the exploitation of girls and young women. This research comes out of the “Listening to the Demand” two-part study by an independent research team on the sex industry in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. “Listening to the Demand” is a series of research exploring often over-looked populations in the anti-trafficking conversation, including men and transgender people. The first of the studies was completed in 2013 and focuses on men who purchased sex with female sex workers. Interviews of 50 Cambodian and 50 foreign heterosexual and bisexual males explored the respondents’ views and use of prostituted women in Southeast Asia’s sex industry. The second part of the research was completed in 2014 and focuses on men who purchase sex with men. In this second part of the project, 51 Cambodian and 23 foreign men who have sex with men were interviewed about their views of prostitution, the individual sex worker, and their experiences of Cambodia’s sex industry. Due to its comparative nature, the research seeks to deliver information on the differences in culture between the foreign and Cambodian men who seek to pay for sexual services. Results point to the need for proper sex and gender education as well as different approaches when planning projects to reach out to men purchasing sex. In gaining a deeper knowledge of the beliefs and behaviours among the demand population, the findings suggest more holistic approaches are needed to combat the exploitation of sexual services in Cambodia.


Sex and gender differences overview

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2827-2830
Author(s):  
Eva Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Systolic Heart Failure ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex And Gender Differences

There are well-described differences between men and women in epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, and outcome of heart disease. Although risk factors responsible for cardiovascular disease are similar in men and women their relative importance differs. Puzzlingly, women have more angina yet less obstructive coronary artery disease. Also, when they suffer myocardial infarction, women more often present with myocardial infarction with non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA) and takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Women have less systolic heart failure than men but more heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, a condition yet to find evidence-based treatment. Atrial fibrillation is also less common in women than men of similar age, but women with atrial fibrillation have higher risk of stroke than their male counterparts.

The Self-Management of Cardiac Pain in Women with Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. e12
Author(s):  
M. Parry ◽  
A.K. Bjørnnes ◽  
J.C. Victor ◽  
A.P. Ayala ◽  
E. Lenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiac Pain

scholarly journals Of Masks and Men? Gender, Sex, and Protective Measures during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1052-1062
Author(s):  
Dan Cassino ◽  
Yasemin Besen-Cassino
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Masculine Gender

AbstractSince the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, men have been consistently less likely to report wearing a protective face mask. There are several possible reasons for this difference, including partisanship and gender identity. Using a national live-caller telephone survey that measures gender identity, we show that men's gender identities are strongly related to their views of mask wearing, especially when gender identity is highly salient to the individual. The effects of this interaction of sex and gender are shown to be separate from the effects of partisanship. While partisanship is a significant driver of attitudes about face masks, within partisan groups, men who report “completely” masculine gender identities are very different from their fellow partisans.

scholarly journals Representation of gender in migrant health studies – a systematic review of the social epidemiological literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Wandschneider ◽  
Stephanie Batram-Zantvoort ◽  
Oliver Razum ◽  
Céline Miani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Gender as a social construct contributes to determine who migrates and which migration-related risks and opportunities emerge in all phases of the migration trajectory. Simultaneously, migration influences the individual as well as societal definition and perception of gender roles. An explicit gender perspective in migration-related epidemiological research can contribute to adequately analyse and interpret the health of migrants. This systematic review gives a comprehensive overview on how gender has been conceptualised, operationalised and measured in social epidemiologic studies aiming to assess the influence of gender on health among migrants. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, EconLit and PsycINFO and conducted backward reference searching. Reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data and conducted the quality assessment. Eligible studies actively aimed to understand, identify or explain the influence of gender on migrants’ health, whereby the role of gender can encompass a variety of mechanisms, processes or states of differentiation, discrimination and/or inequality. Results Almost all of the 43 studies were cross-sectional and focussed on health outcomes in the post-migration phase. The most common theme of research was the health of male migrants in the US, and in particular of men who have sex with men (MSM). All studies treated gender as a binary variable (men vs. women), without discussing additional types of gender identities. A minority of studies differentiated clearly between sex and gender. Gender was mostly operationalised through attitudes toward gender roles and gender-based discrimination, experienced at the individual level. Community and societal level gender measures capturing structural gender determinants were underrepresented. Conclusions The intersections of migration and gender suggested synergistic effects on health that only become visible when considering those two social determinants together. Future research needs to embrace a multilevel and non-binary understanding of gender and reflect on the influence of gender in the different phases of the migration journey. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019124698.

scholarly journals Production of Gender: A Study on Performativity in Female-To-Male Transsexuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Tanu Priya ◽  
Dhishna Panniko
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
Presentation Of Self ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Gender identity is critical to every individual; it is self-defined and yet affected by culture and society at large. Gender identities are formed through public and private spaces. Of the two traditions of thinking (essentialist and constructionist) about sex and gender, constructionist formulations are based on performance theory. It believes that sex and gender are viewed as not residing in the individual but are found in “those interactions that are socially constructed as gendered as opposed to essentialist tradition. Within performative theory, gender is a process rather than something naturally possessed. This study explores the process of formation of gender or social role in female-to-male (FTM) transsexual.  It will do so by exploring the factors that add to the formation of a gender role as seen through sartorial style, mannerisms, body language, and other aspects that influence one’s presentation of self. It includes the process of construction of FTM transsexual’s corporeality through performative attributes in order to approximate masculinity and come in accord with the social role of a man. The themes that are discussed in the analysis emerged after a careful reading of FTM autobiographical narratives. The instances are extracted from FTM autobiographical narratives; Becoming a Visible Man, The Testosterone Files, Both Sides now and the publication of these narratives range from 2005-2006.

scholarly journals Sex-Gender Awareness in Diabetes

Diabetology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Tonolo
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Sex and gender can affect incidence, prevalence, symptoms, course and response to drug therapy in many illnesses, being sex (the biological side) and gender (the social-cultural one), variously interconnected. Indeed, women have greater longevity; however, this is accompanied by worse health than men, particularly when obesity is present. Sex-gender differences are fundamental also in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Just for example in the prediabetes situation impaired fasting glucose (expression of increased insulin resistance) is more common in men, while impaired glucose tolerance (expression of beta cell deficiency) is more common in female, indicating a possible different genesis of type 2 diabetes in the two sexes. In type 1 diabetes male and female are equivalent as incidence of the disease since puberty, while estrogens act as protective and reduce the incidence of type 1 diabetes in female after puberty. Considering macrovascular complications, diabetic women have a 3.5 fold higher increased cardiovascular risk than non diabetic women, against an observed increase of “only” 2.1 fold in male. Thus it is clear, although not fully explained, that sex-gender differences do exist in diabetes. Another less studied aspect is that also physician gender influences quality of care in patients with type 2 diabetes, female physicians providing an overall better quality of care, especially in risk management. The goal of this short commentary is to open the special issue of Diabetology: “Gender Difference in Diabetes” leaving to the individual articles to deepen differences in genesis, psychologists aspects and complications of the disease.

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