scholarly journals Exploring Indigenous Ways of Coping After a Wildfire Disaster in Northern Alberta, Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973232110091
Author(s):  
Stephanie Montesanti ◽  
Kayla Fitzpatrick ◽  
Tara Azimi ◽  
Bryan Fayant ◽  
Lorraine Albert
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives ◽  
Managing Stress ◽  
Structural Inequities ◽  
Unexpected Outcome ◽  
Northern Alberta ◽  
Sharing Circles

In May 2016, a wildfire devastated a northern region of Alberta, Canada, resulting in negative consequences on physical and mental stress, social relationships, and overall resilience among Indigenous residents. Research on coping and managing stress following a disaster has failed to incorporate unique characteristics from Indigenous perspectives. Sharing circles were held in urban and rural community settings to capture: (a) Indigenous perspectives of coping, (b) individual and collective strengths that helped Indigenous residents and communities to cope during and after the wildfire, and (c) intergenerational experiences of coping from stress among Indigenous residents. Indigenous residents’ experience with coping from the wildfire was shaped by: (a) heightened physical and emotional stress, (b) existing structural inequities, and (c) strong community cohesion and connection to culture. An unexpected outcome of this research was the therapeutic value of the sharing circles for participants to share their experience.

Harm Reduction in Prisons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Snow ◽  
Michael Levy
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
First Line ◽  
Exchange Programs ◽  
History Of

Interventions intended to minimize the harms of injecting drug use, particularly drug overdose and exposure to blood-borne viruses, have a long history of implementation in some community settings but are frequently unavailable in prisons. The denial of harm reduction measures to prisoners who inject drugs violates their right to non-discriminatory healthcare, as well as other facets of international human rights law. Evidence is available from several programs in diverse settings which demonstrates that it is possible to implement many harm reduction interventions in prisons, that such programs can reduce the risk of drug-related harms, and that concerns regarding unintended negative consequences of such programs are often unfounded. This chapter provides an overview of the key harm reduction measures relevant to the prison setting, with a particular focus on the provision of sterile injecting equipment to prisoners via needle and syringe exchange programs, and on the provision of the opioid antagonist naloxone as first-line treatment for opioid overdose to people while in prison and on leaving prison. The chapter reviews the legal basis for providing these and other harm reduction measures to prisoners, outlines the evidence that supports specific interventions, and highlights topics on which further research is needed.

scholarly journals Violence against Health-Care Workers in Governmental Health Facilities in Arar City, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruqayyah B. Al Anazi ◽  
Saeed M. AlQahtani ◽  
Amal E. Mohamad ◽  
Sabry M. Hammad ◽  
Hossam Khleif
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

Background. Violence against health-care workers (HCWs) showed increasing worldwide concern. No previous studies addressed violence against HCWs in the Northern region, Saudi Arabia. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of violence against HCWs in public hospitals and primary health-care centers in Arar city, KSA, and to identify its associated factors. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 352 HCWs in the Ministry of Health (MOH) facilities in Arar city from 1st October to 31st December 2018. Consented HCWs completed a structured self-administered questionnaire which was modified from the WHO questionnaire for violence. Results. Out of 352 health-care workers, 171 (48.6%) reported exposure to violence during work in the past year. The verbal violence was the most common form experienced (83%). Physicians were the main exposed group (59%). Being non-Saudi HCWs, older with longer duration of experience, working in hospitals, working in the emergency room, and working in evening or night shifts were significantly associated with more exposure to violence. The unmet demand for the patient and deficient staff number were the leading reasons for aggression. Only 16.4% of assaulted HCWs reported the violent acts to the higher health affairs authority with the most frequent reasons for nonreporting were their perception that it was useless and their fear of negative consequences. Conclusions. Violence against HCWs in Arar city, KSA, is a prevalent problem. Improving health security system and increasing staffing and their training on proper dealing with violence are highly recommended. Also, enforcing rules and regulations is an important demand to control and prevent violence against HCWs.

scholarly journals Local crime and early marriage: Evidence from India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipa Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
The Relationship

This paper analyses whether living in a locality with high crime against women affects the probability of early marriage—that is, marriage before the legal age of marriage of girls. We hypothesize that parents who perceive themselves to live in a high-crime locality would marry their daughters off at an early age to protect the chastity of their daughters from any sexual violence. However, there would be no similar effect of perceived crime in the locality on the marriage of sons. Using a nationally representative longitudinal data set and tackling the potential endogeneity of local crime rates, we find evidence to support our hypothesis. The results show that perceived crime against women in the locality significantly increases the likelihood of early marriage of girls, while there is no such effect on boys of comparable age group. We also find no such effect of gender-neutral crimes (such as theft and robbery) on the likelihood of early marriage of girls. Moreover, we find that the relationship holds only in conservative households where the purdah system is practised, and also in the northern region of India, where patriarchal culture and gender norms are stronger than in the southern region. These findings are relevant as under-age marriage has negative consequences for the well-being of women in terms of health, education, post-marital agency, and future economic participation.

scholarly journals Face masks for the public during Covid-19: an appeal for caution in policy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Martin ◽  
Esmée Hanna ◽  
Robert Dingwall
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Scientific Disagreement

As the Covid-19 crisis deepens, some researchers have argued for the widespread routine use of face masks in community settings, despite acknowledged gaps in the evidence base for the effectiveness of such a measure. We argue that such calls are premature, and risk neglecting important potential harms and negative consequences, known and unknown. We identify potential unintended consequences at multiple levels, from individual-behavioural to macrosocial, and suggest that it is far from clear that the benefits of widespread uptake of face masks, whether encouraged or enforced by public authorities, outweigh the downsides. Finally, we make the case for caution in communicating unequivocal messages about the scientific evidence for face mask use to policy, practitioner and public audiences, given continued scientific disagreement on the question.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence, Bullying, and Cyberbullying in Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Méndez ◽  
Ana Belén Jorquera ◽  
Cecilia Ruiz-Esteban ◽  
Juan Pedro Martínez-Ramón ◽  
Aitana Fernández-Sogorb
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
School Violence ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
School Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Managing Stress

Bullying and cyberbullying are important global issues with negative consequences for physical and mental health in education. The objective of this study was to analyze to what extent some dimensions of emotional intelligence predict certain manifestations of bullying and cyberbullying in adolescents. The total number of subjects recruited in compulsory secondary education schools, was 309 (53.1% female). Their ages ranged from 12 to 16 (M = 14.17, SD = 1.4). The used instruments were the school violence questionnaire and the emotional coefficient inventory; the study design was cross-sectional. Results showed that the score increases on some scales (adaptability, stress management, and interpersonal) involved a greater risk of increasing the likelihood of social perception the different manifestations of school violence. However, in the general mood, the increase in this variable score implied lower perceiving in likelihood of violent behavior. It is important to take into account preventive actions aimed at improving school life and, above all, to alleviate difficulties in managing stress, adaptability, and interpersonal relationships.

Determining Emotional Tone and Verbal Behavior in Patients With Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-672
Author(s):  
Suzanne H. Kimball ◽  
Toby Hamilton ◽  
Erin Benear ◽  
Jonathan Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emotional Tone ◽  
Explanatory Mixed Methods ◽  
Quantitative Results

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the emotional tone and verbal behavior of social media users who self-identified as having tinnitus and/or hyperacusis that caused self-described negative consequences on daily life or health. Research Design and Method An explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized. Two hundred “initial” and 200 “reply” Facebook posts were collected from members of a tinnitus group and a hyperacusis group. Data were analyzed via the LIWC 2015 software program and compared to typical bloggers. As this was an explanatory mixed-methods study, we used qualitative thematic analyses to explain, interpret, and illustrate the quantitative results. Results Overall, quantitative results indicated lower overall emotional tone for all categories (tinnitus and hyperacusis, initial and reply), which was mostly influenced by higher negative emotion. Higher levels of authenticity or truth were found in the hyperacusis sample but not in the tinnitus sample. Lower levels of clout (social standing) were indicated in all groups, and a lower level of analytical thinking style (concepts and complex categories rather than narratives) was found in the hyperacusis sample. Additional analysis of the language indicated higher levels of sadness and anxiety in all groups and lower levels of anger, particularly for initial replies. These data support prior findings indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression in this patient population based on the actual words in blog posts and not from self-report questionnaires. Qualitative results identified 3 major themes from both the tinnitus and hyperacusis texts: suffering, negative emotional tone, and coping strategies. Conclusions Results from this study suggest support for the predominant clinical view that patients with tinnitus and hyperacusis have higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. The extent of the suffering described and patterns of coping strategies suggest clinical practice patterns and the need for research in implementing improved practice plans.

From the President: Working Early-Intervention Magic in Community Settings

ASHA Leader ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patty Prelock
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
The Way

Children with disabilities benefit most when professionals let families lead the way.

Serum Vitamin B12 Concentrations among Mothers and Newborns and Follow-up Study to Assess Implication on the Growth Velocity and the Urinary Methylmalonic Acid Excretion

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (56) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Hussein ◽  
Sahar Abdel Aziz ◽  
Salwa Tapouzada ◽  
Boehles
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Metabolic Marker ◽  
Biochemical Measurement

Objective:Cobalamin (B12) deficiency has been reported in infants born to mothers with low cobalamin intake. Early diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency in infants is critical for the prevention of neurobehavioral disorders. We investigated the relationship between serum vitamin B12 level in newborns and in their healthy mothers who consumed an omnivorous diet. Anthropometry was studied longitudinally to assess the growth velocity of the infants. Urinary methylmalonic acid (MMA) excretion of 6-month old infants was compared retrospectively as the biomarker correlated with the initial serum vitamin B12 concentrations. Methods: Serum cobalamin and blood hemoglobin were determined in 84 pairs of newborns and their mothers. Urinary MMA excretion was measured in the same subjects during the first 6 months of the post partum period. Results: At birth, median serum cobalamin levels were 152.0 pmol/L in the mothers and 296.6 pmol/L in the newborns. Maternal and neonatal serum cobalamin levels had no effect on growth velocity during the first six months of postnatal life. Serum maternal and neonatal cobalamin levels were inversely associated with urinary MMA excretion. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of vitamin B12 status in neonates and infants is crucial, particularly in nutritionally deprived areas. Biochemical measurement of plasma cobalamin or its metabolic marker MMA is highly recommended. Urinary MMA measurement in cobalamin diagnostics provides an advantage in that blood sampling is not required. A vitamin B12 taskforce should be created to alleviate vitamin deficiency and its negative consequences.

The Hierarchical Model of Exercise Dependence

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Kotbagi ◽  
Laurence Kern ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Ramesh Pathare
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Preliminary Version

Abstract. Physical exercise when done excessively may have negative consequences on physical and psychological wellbeing. There exist many scales to measure this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to create a scale measuring the problematic practice of physical exercise (PPPE Scale) by combining two assessment tools already existing in the field of exercise dependency but anchored in different approaches (EDS-R and EDQ). This research consists of three studies carried out on three independent sample populations. The first study (N = 341) tested the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis); the second study (N = 195) tested the structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and the third study (N = 104) tested the convergent validity (correlations) of the preliminary version of the PPPE scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct dimensions associated with exercise dependency. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis validated a second order model consisting of 25 items with six dimensions and four sub-dimensions. The convergent validity of this scale with other constructs (GLTEQ, EAT26, and The Big Five Inventory [BFI]) is satisfactory. The preliminary version of the PPPE must be administered to a large population to refine its psychometric properties and develop scoring norms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document