Taking Risks: A Requirement of the New Superintendency

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-310
Author(s):  
C. Cryss Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Women Superintendents ◽  
National Study ◽  
Successful Leadership ◽  
Life Circumstances ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker

According to Cantor and Bernay (1992), “Risk taking is a critical factor of successful leadership” (p. 158). Surprisingly, however, the literature about the superintendency does not report that superintendents are risk takers. In fact, school administrators, at large, have never been portrayed as risk takers (Konnert & Gardner, 1987). In contrast, I found the theme of risk taking in the narratives of twelve women in a national study that I did between 1993–1997. The purpose of this article is to examine the practice of women superintendents in order to get a glimpse of what it takes for superintendents to be or to become risk takers. The study revealed that the women had life circumstances and personal characteristics that helped them to relax and take risks. There were two primary circumstances: (1) community, and (2) challenge; and two primary personal characteristics: (1) courage, and (2) curiosity. If risk taking is an important part of practice in the superintendency, then we would be well served to use the knowledge gained from examinations, like this study of women superintendents’ practices, that clearly identify what it takes to be a risk taker in the role.

Personality Profile of Risk-Takers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Elizabeth D. Joseph ◽  
Don C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Risk Propensity ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker ◽  
Propensity Scale

Abstract. Risk-taking is a long-standing area of inquiry among psychologists and economists. In this paper, we examine the personality profile of risk-takers in two independent samples. Specifically, we examined the association between the Big Five facets and risk-taking propensity across two measures: The Domain-Specific Risk-Taking Scale (DOSPERT) and the General Risk Propensity Scale (GRiPS). At the Big Five domain level, we found that extraversion and agreeableness were the primary predictors of risk-taking. However, facet-level analyses revealed that responsibility, a facet of conscientiousness, explained most of the total variance accounted for by the Big Five in both risk-taking measures. Based on our findings across two samples ( n = 764), we find that the personality profile of a risk-taker is extraverted, open to experiences, disagreeable, emotionally stable, and irresponsible. Implications for the risk measurement are discussed.

scholarly journals People Envision Risk-takers as More Stereotypically Black and Masculine, Particularly When the Risks are Reckless Versus Responsible

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Wages ◽  
Sylvia Perry ◽  
Allison Skinner ◽  
Galen Von Bodenhausen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
White Men ◽  
Reverse Correlation ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker ◽  
Associate Risk

Who do people view as the risk-takers of society? Given that risk permeates everyday decision-making, understanding whether people mentally associate risk-taking with social groups is a valuable yet unexplored question. We propose that the concept of risk-taking connotes gendered race associations. With four experiments (N = 1404, mostly White Americans), we test whether gendered race stereotypes are conceptually associated with risk-takers, broadly construed, as well as with reckless versus responsible prototypes of risk-takers. We find that people perceive Black men as more masculine than White men, and therefore, more willing to take risks (Study 1). We further find that people envision reckless risk-takers as more stereotypically Black and masculine (and less White and feminine) than responsible risk-takers in trait attributions (Studies 2-3) and mental images constructed with the reverse correlation task (Study 3). Finally, when provided an opportunity to invest real money that could be tripled or lost, we find that people financially discriminate against reckless risk-takers in favor of responsible risk-takers (Study 4). Findings suggest that gendered race stereotypes and risk-taker prototypes are conceptually intertwined and consequential.

scholarly journals Personality Profile of Risk Takers: An Examination of the Big Five Facets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Joseph ◽  
Don C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Risk Propensity ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker ◽  
Propensity Scale

Risk taking is a long-standing area of inquiry among psychologists and economists. In this paper, we examine the personality profile of risk takers in two independent samples. Specifically, we examined the association between the Big Five facets and risk-taking propensity across two measures: The Domain-Specific Risk-Taking Scale (DOSPERT) and the General Risk Propensity Scale (GRiPS). At the Big Five domain level, we found that extraversion and agreeableness were the primary predictors of risk taking. However, facet-level analyses revealed that responsibility, a facet of conscientiousness, explained most of the total variance accounted for by the Big Five in both risk-taking measures. Based on our findings across two samples (n = 764), we find that the personality profile of a risk taker is extraverted, open to experiences, disagreeable, emotionally stable, and irresponsible. Implications for the risk measurement are discussed.

An Investigation of Adolescents’ Reported and Self-Perceived Risk-Taking

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-788
Author(s):  
Taylor Heffer ◽  
Breanne Wylie ◽  
Teena Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Rule Breaking ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker

Adolescence is a sensitive period for taking risks, yet research has not investigated whether adolescents who engage in risk-taking actually perceive themselves to be risk-takers. In the current study, students (Grade: 6-8, N = 437) reported on their frequency of risk-taking and perceptions of themselves as risk-takers, forming four groups of interest (aware risk-takers, unaware risk-takers, aware non-risk-takers, unaware non-risk-takers). We also investigated whether these groups were associated with engagement in certain types of risks. Overall, low-risk-takers had more accurate self-perceptions (i.e., greater awareness) compared with high risk-takers. Of concern, unaware high risk-takers engaged in more rule-breaking and adventurous risks compared with non-risk-takers, though they did not consider themselves to be risk-takers. It is possible that this group of adolescents may be less receptive to educational practices that target high risk-takers given that they do not consider themselves to be a risk-taker.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Mindset and Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State-Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Lubem Asenge ◽  
Hembadoon Sarah Diaka ◽  
Alexander Terna Soom
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

Many studies indicates that entrepreneurial mindset is a critical factor in the accumulation, evaluation and selection of the knowledge which can lead an individual into potential business opportunities thereby enhancing entrepreneurial outcomes such as firm performance. This study examined the effect of entrepreneurial mindset on the performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Benue State. The focus of the research was to measure the entrepreneurs’ mindset exhibited through innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking and how these attributes contributed to the performance of SMEs. The research focused on a population of 650 small and medium scale enterprises based in Makurdi metropolis. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 250 SMEs in Makurdi metropolis which were selected through stratified random sampling method. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. The study revealed that innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking were significant in affecting performance of SMEs. The study concluded that entrepreneurial mindset or lack of it has a major effect on SMEs performance and if any economy is bended towards development and growth, it would have to embrace this concept. It recommended that all the policy makers and all stake holders should re-strategize and create forums that can promote entrepreneurial mindset among the existing and potential entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Mice lacking paternal expression of imprinted Grb10 are risk-takers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L. Dent ◽  
Kira D. A. Rienecker ◽  
Andrew Ward ◽  
Jon F Wilkins ◽  
Trevor Humby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Delayed Reinforcement ◽  
Imprinted Genes ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Opposite Manner ◽  
Predator Odour

ABSTRACTThe imprinted genes Grb10 and Nesp influence impulsive behavior on a delay discounting task in an opposite manner. A recently developed theory suggests that this pattern of behavior may be representative of predicted effects of imprinted genes on tolerance to risk. Here we examine whether mice lacking paternal expression of Grb10 show abnormal behavior across a number of measures indicative of risk-taking. Although Grb10+/p mice show no difference from wild type littermates in their willingness to explore a novel environment, their behavior on an explicit test of risk-taking, namely the Predator Odour Risk-Taking task, is indicative of an increased willingness to take risks. Follow-up tests suggest that this risk-taking is not simply due to a general decrease in fear, or a general increase in motivation for a food reward, but reflects a change in the trade-off between cost and reward. These data, coupled with previous work on the impulsive behaviour of Grb10+/p mice in the delayed reinforcement task, and taken together with our work on mice lacking maternal Nesp, suggest that maternally and paternally expressed imprinted genes oppositely influence risk-taking behaviour as predicted.

When is it Ethical to Inform Administrators about Student Risk-Taking Behaviors? Perceptions of School Counselors

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 2156759X1201500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Moyer ◽  
Jeremy R. Sullivan ◽  
David Growcock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Risk ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Perceptions Of School

School counselors from across the United States responded to a survey asking when they should break confidentiality and report student risk-taking behaviors to school administrators. Generally, counselors believed it to be more ethical to break confidentiality when the behaviors were directly observed (as opposed to reported by students) and when the behaviors occurred on school grounds during school hours. Results also suggest counselors were more willing to break confidentiality when their school had a written policy guiding their actions. All behaviors showed some variance among respondents, suggesting a lack of agreement regarding when it is appropriate to break confidentiality and report risk-taking behaviors to administrators. This article discusses implications and suggestions for school counselors.

Understanding the Investment Behavior of Individual Investors

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Yavuz Bilgin ◽  
Selin Metin Camgoz ◽  
Mehmet Baha Karan ◽  
Yilmaz Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Disposition Effect ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Love Of Money ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
The Individual

The FOREX market has become a popular ground amongst all kinds of market players. The leverage transactions of the market that may generate higher profit levels with low capital/investments make it very attractive for the individual risk takers. The research investigates the trading behavior of FOREX investors relying on the survey data collected from 167 Turkish investors in 2019. Within the scope of the research, the authors evaluate whether and to what extent behavioral factors, namely demographic characteristics; personal characteristics such as personality traits, love of money, and biases like disposition effect influence investment performance. The results reveal that among the personality traits, openness to experience and conscientiousness have a positive impact while disposition effect and love of money have a negative impact on the performance of investors. Additional analysis suggests that the effects of personality traits and biases on trading performance remarkably change among subgroups of investors regarding their income level.

scholarly journals Parliamentary Representation: A Cross-national Study of Candidates’ Views

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-542
Author(s):  
Laura Sudulich ◽  
Siim Trumm ◽  
Jack Bridgewater
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
National Study ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Party Family ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
Cross National

AbstractThis study explores political elites’ self-conceptualisation of parliamentary representation by using data on nearly 7000 candidates encompassing 18 elections in 15 countries. We examine the relevance of institutional features, closeness to the sources of representatives’ mandates, party family, as well as candidates’ personal characteristics, with a modelling strategy that accommodates the understanding of role orientation as a two-stage process. We posit that choosing between being loyal to a party or to voters is not equivalent to prioritising one’s own agency in the first place, and suggest that self-conceptualisation of parliamentary representation happens in two different stages. We find that individual-level characteristics such as gender and ideological proximity to one’s party, but also party family, play a key role in shaping views on authority versus independence. The effects of political environment and institutions are limited to shaping a choice between responding to one’s party or constituents.

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