An Investigation of Adolescents’ Reported and Self-Perceived Risk-Taking

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 772-788
Author(s):  
Taylor Heffer ◽  
Breanne Wylie ◽  
Teena Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Rule Breaking ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker

Adolescence is a sensitive period for taking risks, yet research has not investigated whether adolescents who engage in risk-taking actually perceive themselves to be risk-takers. In the current study, students (Grade: 6-8, N = 437) reported on their frequency of risk-taking and perceptions of themselves as risk-takers, forming four groups of interest (aware risk-takers, unaware risk-takers, aware non-risk-takers, unaware non-risk-takers). We also investigated whether these groups were associated with engagement in certain types of risks. Overall, low-risk-takers had more accurate self-perceptions (i.e., greater awareness) compared with high risk-takers. Of concern, unaware high risk-takers engaged in more rule-breaking and adventurous risks compared with non-risk-takers, though they did not consider themselves to be risk-takers. It is possible that this group of adolescents may be less receptive to educational practices that target high risk-takers given that they do not consider themselves to be a risk-taker.

Relation of Four Components of Creativity to Risk-Taking Preferences

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Glover ◽  
Fred Sautter
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Predominantly Black ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Risk Takers

The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking and the Kogan and Wallach Choice Dilemma Questionnaire were administered to a total population of 66 graduate students at a predominantly black university. Risk-taking scores were used to assign students to group with preference for high risk or low risk. This grouping was the independent variable while the four measures of creativity on the Torrance test, Fluency, Flexibility, Elaboration, and Originality, were the dependent variables. Individuals high and low in risk were compared on each measure via T tests. High risk-takers had significantly higher scores on Flexibility and Originality while the low risk-takers had significantly higher Elaboration scores. No significant differences were observed between the two groups on Fluency.

Personality Profile of Risk-Takers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Elizabeth D. Joseph ◽  
Don C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Risk Propensity ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker ◽  
Propensity Scale

Abstract. Risk-taking is a long-standing area of inquiry among psychologists and economists. In this paper, we examine the personality profile of risk-takers in two independent samples. Specifically, we examined the association between the Big Five facets and risk-taking propensity across two measures: The Domain-Specific Risk-Taking Scale (DOSPERT) and the General Risk Propensity Scale (GRiPS). At the Big Five domain level, we found that extraversion and agreeableness were the primary predictors of risk-taking. However, facet-level analyses revealed that responsibility, a facet of conscientiousness, explained most of the total variance accounted for by the Big Five in both risk-taking measures. Based on our findings across two samples ( n = 764), we find that the personality profile of a risk-taker is extraverted, open to experiences, disagreeable, emotionally stable, and irresponsible. Implications for the risk measurement are discussed.

Risk Taking Behaviour Associated with Alcohol use among College Student

2021 ◽  
pp. 317-320
Author(s):  
Puspanjali Mohapatro ◽  
Rashmimala Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
High Risk Behaviour

Objective: This study is designed to examine the risk taking behaviours that are harmful to students at a selected university. In this case, high-risk behaviours have been studied, such as harmful behaviours, coercion, smoke, alcohol contain substance abuse, and drug addiction. Materials and methods: Current study which is a type of descriptive survey research. The sample of this study included 200 students from a selected university in Bhubaneswar, who were selected through a convenient sampling technique. The Self -structured questionnaire tool has been used for a to collect socio demographic variables. A Structured checklist developed to measure risk taking behaviour. For this section rating scale was adopted with score was low risk, medium risk and high risk. In this study, score range 14-28 divided in to 3 scales- Low risk (14-18), Medium (19-24), High (25-28). A behavioural rating scale was used to analyse the behaviour. Results: The results showed that the increase in risky behaviour among students was 87% and higher for boys than girls and 40% for campus students had a higher risk of alcohol use. About 69.5% of the age group 19-27 were involved in alcohol consumption due to level of high living standard, high sources of income and happiness. Conclusion: The results of the study on identification of risky behaviours to precedence among students, by accessing a high-risk behaviour profile will help policymakers accurately identify student behaviours to make plan for promoting health improvements activity, with to linking the group's real needs and challenges.

Risk-Taking Behaviors and Subgrouping of College Students

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Mohammadpoorasl ◽  
Abbas Abbasi Ghahramanloo ◽  
Hamid Allahverdipour
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

Risk-taking behaviors have negative consequences on adolescent and young adult’s health. The aim of this study was to identify the subgroups of college students on the basis of risk-taking behaviors and to assess the role of demographic characteristics, religious beliefs, and parental support on membership of specific subgroup. The cross-sectional study took place in Tabriz (northwest of Iran) in April and May of 2011. The randomly selected sample consisted of 1,837 college students. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Latent class analysis was performed to achieve the study’s objectives. Four latent classes were identified: (a) low risk, (b) cigarette and hookah smoker, (c) sexual and drinking risk-takers (for males)/sexual risk takers (for females), and (d) high risk. Notably, 13.3% of the males and 4.3% of the females were in the high-risk class. The results identified evidence of protective influence of familial support and religiosity on risky behaviors. A fair number of college students, males in particular, were identified as high risk-takers. Design and implementation of preventive interventions for this segment of the population are necessary. Higher level of familial support and religiosity may serve as preventive factors in risk-taking behaviors.

Changes in Emotional States Before and After Risk Taking in Scuba Diving

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Bonnet ◽  
Lydia Fernandez ◽  
Annie Piolat ◽  
Jean-Louis Pedinielli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Diving Accident ◽  
Risk Appraisal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Risk Takers

The notion of risk-taking implies a cognitive process that determines the level of risk involved in a particular activity or task. This risk appraisal process gives rise to emotional responses, including anxious arousal and changes in mood, which may play a significant role in risk-related decision making. This study examines how emotional responses to the perceived risk of a scuba-diving injury contribute to divers’ behavior, as well as the ways that risk taking or non-risk taking behavior, in turn, affects emotional states. The study sample consisted of 131 divers (risk takers and non-risk takers), who either had or had not been in a previous diving accident. Divers’ emotional states were assessed immediately prior to diving, as well as immediately following a dive. Results indicated presence of subjective emotional experiences that are specific to whether a risk has been perceived and whether a risk has been taken. Important differences in emotion regulation were also found between divers who typically take risks and those who do not.

Risk Perception: Unrealistic Optimism or Realistic Expectancy

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Todesco ◽  
Stephen B. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Unrealistic Optimism ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Personal Risk ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

The current study investigated risk perception and Unrealistic Optimism as a function of involvement in risk. 74 undergraduate students were asked to rate how likely they were to encounter various negative consequences relative to various comparison targets (child, peer, and parent) and specified their actual involvement in risk-taking. Over-all, 37 High and 37 Low Risk-takers rated harmful events similarly, adding support for disputing the hypothesis that risk-takers consider themselves to be invulnerable. When these older adolescents compared themselves with children, they rated their personal risk of engaging in the health threatening behaviors as higher. Adolescents can realistically appraise the differences between themselves and children and view themselves as more likely to encounter the negative outcomes of risk-taking behaviors. Implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Perceived Versus Actual Risks of 30-Day Readmission in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanzhang Xu ◽  
Heather R. Farmer ◽  
Bradi B. Granger ◽  
Kevin L. Thomas ◽  
Eric D. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Heart Center

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of hospitalization in the United States, and patients with CVD are at a high risk of readmission after discharge. We examined whether patients’ perceived risk of readmission at discharge was associated with actual 30-day readmissions in patients hospitalized with CVD. Methods: We recruited 730 patients from the Duke Heart Center who were admitted for treatment of CVD between January 1, 2015, and August 31, 2017. A standardized survey was linked with electronic health records to ascertain patients’ perceived risk of readmission, and other sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and clinical data before discharge. All-cause readmission within 30 days after discharge was examined. Results: Nearly 1-in-3 patients perceived a high risk of readmission at index admission and those who perceived a high risk had significantly more readmissions within 30 days than patients who perceived low risks of readmission (23.6% versus 15.8%, P =0.016). Among those who perceived a high risk of readmission, non-White patients (odds ratio [OR], 2.07 [95% CI, 1.28–3.36]), those with poor self-rated health (OR, 2.30 [95% CI, 1.38–3.85]), difficulty accessing care (OR, 2.72 [95% CI, 1.24–6.00]), and prior hospitalizations in the past year (OR, 2.13 [95% CI, 1.21–3.74]) were more likely to be readmitted. Among those who perceived a low risk of readmission, patients who were widowed (OR, 2.69 [95% CI, 1.60–4.51]) and reported difficulty accessing care (OR, 1.89 [95% CI, 1.07–3.33]) were more likely to be readmitted. Conclusions: Patients who perceived a high risk of readmission had a higher rate of 30-day readmission than patients who perceived a low risk. These findings have important implications for identifying CVD patients at a high risk of 30-day readmission and targeting the factors associated with perceived and actual risks of readmission.

Impact of Risk Taking Strategies on Male and Female EFL Learners’ Test Performance: The Case of Multiple Choice Questions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrnoush Karimi ◽  
Reza Biria
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Risk Takers

This study scrutinized the interaction between gender and risk taking variables in test performance of Iranian EFL learners. The research was conducted on 120 male and female EFL learners from Islamic Azad university of Isfahan (khorasgan). The participants received a Venturesomeness subscale of Eysenck `s IVE questionnaire and were asked to rate each item on a 5point Likert-scale. The total score for this questionnaire ranges from 16 to 80. Students who were lower than 30 were considered as low risk-takers, those who were more  than 70 as high risk-takers, and those between 30 and 70 as moderate risk-takers.  In a weeks’ time, a complete TOEFL PBT test comprising 140- multiple-choice items as the second instrument was administrated. The results revealed that the female EFL students were lower risk takers and left questions unanswered more frequently and skipped questions a lot more than their male counterparts. Finally, it was found out that low risk takers answered the least number of questions in comparison to high and moderate risk takers, and consequently, had the most number of questions left unanswered which had a negative effect on test takers’ performance.

scholarly journals Personality traits and Risk taking attitudes among Firefighters of Rescue service

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Yasir Riaz Gillani ◽  
Muhammad Atif
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Attitude Survey ◽  
Rescue Service

The Present Research was conducted to assess the Personality traits and Risk taking attitude among Firefighters of Rescue Service. The sample consisted of 63firefighters from rescue service of Lahore and Sialkot through purposive sampling technique. The NEO-FFI personality inventory (Costa & McCrae, 2010) and Risk taking attitude survey scale (Stehman, 2012) was administered on all the participants. The correlation analysis, anova and independent sample t-test was applied to find out the statistical significance of the results. The results indicates that there are 31 firefighters having high score on risk taking attitude, 10 firefighters have normal risk taking attitude and 22 have low risk taking attitude. The lowest score on risk taking attitude is 21 and highest score on risk taking attitude is 55. The firefighters have common personality type’s extroverted, openness and conscientiousness. The result indicates that newly inducted or less experience firefighters has high risk taking attitude as compared to experienced firefighters. The firefighters of Lahore rescue service have high risk taking attitude as compared to Sialkot. The research is found that personality and risk taking attitude plays strong role in firefighters of rescue service.

Taking Risks: A Requirement of the New Superintendency

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-310
Author(s):  
C. Cryss Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Women Superintendents ◽  
National Study ◽  
Successful Leadership ◽  
Life Circumstances ◽  
Risk Takers ◽  
Risk Taker

According to Cantor and Bernay (1992), “Risk taking is a critical factor of successful leadership” (p. 158). Surprisingly, however, the literature about the superintendency does not report that superintendents are risk takers. In fact, school administrators, at large, have never been portrayed as risk takers (Konnert & Gardner, 1987). In contrast, I found the theme of risk taking in the narratives of twelve women in a national study that I did between 1993–1997. The purpose of this article is to examine the practice of women superintendents in order to get a glimpse of what it takes for superintendents to be or to become risk takers. The study revealed that the women had life circumstances and personal characteristics that helped them to relax and take risks. There were two primary circumstances: (1) community, and (2) challenge; and two primary personal characteristics: (1) courage, and (2) curiosity. If risk taking is an important part of practice in the superintendency, then we would be well served to use the knowledge gained from examinations, like this study of women superintendents’ practices, that clearly identify what it takes to be a risk taker in the role.

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