Psychological Evaluation of Telephone Switching and Transmission Performance

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey S. Cohen ◽  
Barry W. Kort
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Telephone Network ◽  
Telephone Service ◽  
Telephone System ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Transmission Quality

In order to set standards for the performance of the telephone network, it is necessary to understand the subjective effects of the telephone service impairments we wish to control. In a laboratory environment, we asked subjects to play a computer-controlled game which required the frequent use of the telephone as a natural part of the game. Impairments to telephone switching service, such as dial-tone delay, post-dialing delay, and blocked call attempts, and impairments to telephone transmission quality, such as loss and noise were introduced into the telephone service which the subjects experienced. After each use of the telephone, the subjects rendered their opinion, on a five-point rating scale, as to the quality of telephone service just provided. The data produced by the experiment were used to construct a mathematical model of customer opinion as a function of the objective measures of telephone network performance. This model will enable us to analyze the present performance of the telephone system. More importantly, the model will enable us to estimate customer opinion for future telephone systems, were we to implement new or revised standards for the control of switching and transmission impairments.

scholarly journals Quality of Education in Independent and Franchise Private Secondary Schools in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munawar Sultana Mirza ◽  
Nazia Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Independent Schools ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Head Teachers ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Large Spread ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Pakistan has a variety of privately managed schools. Inspired by thecorporate model the large school systems offer franchise to the smallschools in the name of better quality education leading to better marketacceptability. This study was conducted to find out the difference in thequality of education provided by the franchise and independent privatesecondary schools. Ten schools of a renowned large spread schoolsystem were selected conveniently and ten independent schools wereselected from the same localities for ensuring similarity of the context.Quality of education was define dalong input, process and product/outputindicators. Opinion of Head Teachers (HTs)/ School principals wasgathered through a questionnaire consisting five point rating scale oninput and process indicators. Opinion of HTs about input indicators wasvalidated through direct observation of the input indicators in the schoolsby one of the researchers. Students’ achievement scores in thematriculation examination conducted by the Board of Intermediate andSecondary Education, Lahore were the indicator of quality output. TheHTs of the two types of schools perceived no significant difference in thequality of input and process at their schools but the independent schoolsscoring slightly better on each of the two indicators. However, theindependent private schools were significantly superior to the franchiseschools in quality of output in terms of students’ pass percentage anddistribution over grades. Thus, the claim of franchising for better qualityeducation was not supported by this research.

A Nomothetic Version of the Brunswikian Lens Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 218 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Mutz ◽  
Ute Seeling
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Lens Model ◽  
Individual Judgment ◽  
Point Rating Scale

The purpose of this article is to discuss new methodological developments, starting with Schilling and Hogge (2001) , aimed at establishing a nomothetic version of the Brunswikian lens model based on multilevel models (multilevel latent class regression). This genuinely person-oriented approach simultaneously allows the idiographic assessment of individual judgment processes and the nomothetic examination of evidence of generalization across individuals. Data of a pilot project on forest persons’ subjective judgment of the quality of wood (“Forstlicher Götterblick”) are used to demonstrate the proposal: In a paper-pencil test, 29 forest persons (forestry students and foresters) each estimated the internal wood quality of 40 trees on a 6-point rating scale using information provided about six well-known external wood properties for each tree. Two judgment strategies were identified (“Take-The-Best” and random) which could also be assigned to two different types of subjects (“novices” vs. “experts”). Summarizing, this approach combines both person-oriented and variable-oriented concepts.

scholarly journals Improved clinical training of internal medicine students in hospital wards

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Christian Bjurman
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Average Quality ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Point Rating Scale

Background: Clinical training (CT) in internal medicine wards is a compulsory part of the internal medicine courses in Sweden. Aim: To ask physicians responsible for different CT programs about the perceived quality of their programs and about ideas of improvement. Hypothesis: The average quality of local CT programs is generally perceived as low by responsible physicians.Methods: The author combined a literature review with own experiences to develop a novel quality assurance questionnaire aimed at improving the overall quality of CT. Eight geographically spread teaching hospitals were included in the study. Telephone interviews were conducted with responsible physicians. The interviews contained two parts: The questionnaire developed by the author containing twenty-seven 5-point rating scale questions on the quality of the local CT and open-ended questions about suggestions for improvement of the local teaching organization. Medians and percentage of maximum total score of the rating scale questions were calculated and improvements suggested by the participants were summarized.Results: The average quality of the CT programs as measured by the total score of the developed questionnaire was 51% (of maximum 100%) and varied between hospitals (range 33%-65%).Conclusions: There seem to be a large potential for improvements in different CT programs. Improved collaboration between universities and teaching hospitals and the agreement on national standards could potentially improve the quality of CT in order to guarantee a uniform clinical education of high quality.

scholarly journals Quality of life of children with nephrotic syndrome- development of a tool

2019 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
M. Jacob ◽  
Elsheba Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Generic Quality

Background: Quality of life is an individual’s perception of their position of life in the context of their culture and value systems in which they live and, in their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. (WHO). Though various tools to measure the generic quality of life of paediatric clients are available, a disease specific tool that is culturally adaptive to assess the quality of life of children with nephrotic syndrome is unavailable. The aim of the study was to develop a valid and reliable tool to assess the quality of life of children with nephrotic syndrome. Materials and methods: In-depth interview of twenty children with nephrotic syndrome and their mothers, review of literature and discussion with experts in health sector to formulate preliminary form of the tool. Tool is evaluated by 11 experts to ensure the content validity. Tool is then administered to 100 children with nephrotic syndrome. Item analysis was done to finalize the items in the scale and reliability estimated with split half technique (r= 0.93). Results: Nephrotic Syndrome Paediatric Quality of Life (NSPQOL) assessment scale was finalized with 35 item using four-point rating scale. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that the tool has potential for use as both a clinical as well as a research instrument.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE PRACTICES OF SUPERVISION AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LEVEL IN PUNJAB

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakht Jamal, Syed Asad Abbas Rizvi, Muhammad Munir kayani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
School Level ◽  
Head Teachers ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Teaching Learning

Supervision is one of the important factors for school improvement and ensuring quality education. It makes the teaching-learning environment effective and helps us to achieve the educational objectives. The current research study was designed to explore analyze the practices of supervision at elementary schools’ level in Punjab. The population of the study was 166 elementary schools and 64 supervisors. The sample respondents of the study were 50 head teachers and 16 supervisors of elementary schools’ public sector in the District. The researcher adopted a convenience sampling technique for the collection of data. The tool for the collection of data were two self-developed questionnaires on a five-point rating scale, one for head teachers and the second one for supervisors having forty-two (42) statements with eleven aspects regarding (1) objectives, (2) cooperation, (3) cleanliness, (4) quality of education, (5) motivation, (6) facilities, (7) attendance, (8) budget, (9) feedback, (10) problems and (11) universal primary education. The validity of the research instrument was properly ensured through experts’ opinions and pilot testing. The reliability of the instruments was ensured by applying the Cronbach Alpha. The value of the reliability for supervisors was found 0.939 and the reliability value for the head teachers was measured at 0.932. The data collected from respondents were subsequently organized properly. The collected data was accurately analyzed, tabulated, presented and interpreted. Descriptive statistics were applied and data was presented in the mean score, frequency and standard deviation and interpreted accordingly. The data was presented in the form of tables. It was concluded that the supervisors are discharging their professional responsibilities with the spirit to promote quality education, promote a healthy and child-friendly environment in schools and head teacher are keen on conveying the instructions from the supervisors to the teachers.

scholarly journals COMPARISON AND ASSESSMENT OF THE SETTING ZONE CHOICES BY ELITE MALE AND FEMALE VOLLEYBALL SETTERS IN RELATION TO THE QUALITY OF DEFENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 057
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Sotiropoulos ◽  
Karolina Barzouka ◽  
Stavroula Tsavdaroglou ◽  
Grigoris Malousaris
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Independence Test ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this study was the assessment and comparison of the setting zone choices by male and female elite setters, in relation to the quality of the defensive actions which were carried out in Complex II (KII) and III (KIII). A three-member group of coaches assessed the actions of male (M) and female (F) setters and defenders from 20 volleyball games (M=10, F=10) of National Teams competing in the final phase of the World League 2017. The assessment was based on a 5-point rating scale and included actions that composed a set of 2 contacts in KII and KIII. The test of independence for the variables (“setting zones”, “defense quality”) was carried out using Fisher’s exact test. Following the overall independence test we tested the difference in proportions between genders for each level of the “setting zone” variable. Results showed that in KII the differences in proportions between genders for each level of the “setting zone” variable were found for zone 4 in favor of the male and zones 2 and 6 in favor of the female players. In KIII and under excellent defensive actions the difference in proportions between genders was found in zones 1 and 6 in favor of the males. In conclusion, under suboptimal and optimal conditions, male setters set the ball to zones 4, 6 and 1 more frequently than females, incorporating them into their offensive strategy, while the latter under good conditions preferred setting to zones 2 and 6.

Clinical music study quality assessment scale (Musiquas) 1st edition

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Artur Jaschke ◽  
Laura HP Eggermont ◽  
Sylka Uhlig ◽  
Erik Scherder
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Music Study ◽  
Study Quality Assessment

Publications in scientific journals have extensively used assessment scales to address methodological quality.  So far there is no scale which assesses the quality of studies in the vast amount of music related sciences.The clinical music study quality assessment scale (Musiquas) addresses this issue providing a 10-point rating scale. Studies are assessed on four general categories: Selection, Control criteria, Exposure and Outcome.Musiquas is based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of studies in meta-analyses and attuned by the authors to fit the demand of quality assessment in the wide array of clinical music studies.A three round Delphi procedure as well as open online commentaries contributed to the creation of the assessment scale presented here.Conclusively, this scale will contribute to higher quality methodologies in systematic reviews and meta analyses in music sciences and intervention research.

scholarly journals Online Oriented Classes: Merits and Demerits of the Point of View of Ghazians at Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Hafeez Ullah ◽  
Muhammad ◽  
Hashim Pear Bakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Online Programs ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
University Level ◽  
The University

The purpose of this paper is to point out the Merits and Demerits of Ghazians at Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan. Over the past two years, online oriented classes have become an inseparable part of educations. Providing online learning opportunities at the university level is the compulsion of the day. The quality education of online-oriented classes at the University Level is one of the inordinate challenges faced by the students of Ghazi University. Online oriented classes change all mechanisms of teaching and learning at a Higher Level in the educational system. Regular assessing of the online programs is important to enhance the quality of education at University Level. The simple random sampling technique was used to collect data. A total of 362 students from different departments of Ghazi University were involved. As a research device for data collection, the five-point rating scale sample was used. The collected data was analyzed by means of the SPSS.

Demand of Wireless Network and Security in Current Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 5809-5813
Author(s):  
Abhishek Prabhakar ◽  
Amod Tiwari ◽  
Vinay Kumar Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Wireless Security ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Unauthorized Access ◽  
Quality Of Service Parameters ◽  
Wireless Infrastructure

Wireless security is the prevention of unauthorized access to computers using wireless networks .The trends in wireless networks over the last few years is same as growth of internet. Wireless networks have reduced the human intervention for accessing data at various sites .It is achieved by replacing wired infrastructure with wireless infrastructure. Some of the key challenges in wireless networks are Signal weakening, movement, increase data rate, minimizing size and cost, security of user and QoS (Quality of service) parameters... The goal of this paper is to minimize challenges that are in way of our understanding of wireless network and wireless network performance.

The functionality and quality of nutrition-related mobile applications in China (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Jingmin Ding ◽  
Yishan Wang ◽  
Chengyao Tang ◽  
Puhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Food Record

BACKGROUND There are an increasing number of mobile applications that provide dietary guidance in supporting healthy lifestyle and disease management. However, the characteristics of these nutrition-related apps are not well analyzed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the functionality and quality of nutrition-related apps in China. METHODS Mobile apps providing dietary guidance were screened in Chinese iOS and android app stores using stepwise searching criteria in November 2017. Primary review was conducted by extracting information from the description of apps. Free apps that contain all the information of diet and nutrition, with the last update after 1st Jan 2016 were downloaded for further analysis on the nutritional functionality features based on the framework of Chinese Dietary Guidelines and on the market related features as well. The user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS) was used to assess the quality of apps. RESULTS Among the 44 downloaded nutrition-related apps screened from 628 apps with dietary guidance content, only 11(25%) were aimed exclusively for dietary guidance, the others were aimed for fitness guidance (17, 39%), disease management (11, 25%) and maternal health (5, 11%) respectively. The nutritional functionalities of the 44 apps included nutritional information enquiry (40, 91%), nutrition education (35, 80%), food record (34, 77%), diet analysis (34, 77%), and personalized recipes (21, 48%). Twelve out of 44 apps contained all of the above five nutrition related functionalities. The diet analysis and suggestions were mainly focused on energy (33/44, 75%), less on other factors like dietary structure (10/44, 23%). About 96% (42/44) of the apps provided social communication functionality and 59% (26/44) of the apps supported user incentives. Eight out of 44 apps (18%) also applied intelligent recognition technology. Using 5-point uMARS as scales of quality, the median scores of the 44 apps was 3.6 (IQR = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS Most nutrition-related apps are developed in the service of health management other than for dietary guidance exclusively. Although basic energy balance theory was generally applied, the nutritional functionality of the nutrition-related apps is relatively limited and not individualized. More efforts should be taken to integrate with the scientific nutritional knowledge and innovative technology in developing an app followed with complete and personalized dietary guidance.

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