Measuring Irritability in Early Childhood: A Psychometric Evaluation of the Affective Reactivity Index in a Clinical Sample of 3- to 8-Year-Old Children

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110200
Author(s):  
Maria K. Wilson ◽  
Danielle Cornacchio ◽  
Melissa A. Brotman ◽  
Jonathan S. Comer
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Affective Reactivity ◽  
Older Youth ◽  
Age Range

The parent-report Affective Reactivity Index (ARI-P) is the most studied brief scale specifically developed to assess irritability, but relatively little is known about its performance in early childhood (i.e., ≤8 years). Support in such populations is particularly important given developmental shifts in what constitutes normative irritability across childhood. We examined the performance of the ARI-P in a diverse, treatment-seeking sample of children ages 3 to 8 years ( N = 115; mean age = 5.56 years; 58.4% from ethnic/racial minority backgrounds). In this sample, confirmatory factor analysis supported the single-factor structure of the ARI-P previously identified with older youth. ARI-P scores showed large associations with another irritability index, as well as small-to-large associations with aggression, anxiety, depression, and attention problems, supporting the convergent and concurrent validity of the ARI-P when used with children in this younger age range. Findings support the ARI-P as a promising parent-report tool for assessing irritability in early childhood, particularly in clinical samples.

A validation study of the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, Danish version

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S436-S436
Author(s):  
J. Eg Frøkjær ◽  
N. Bilenberg ◽  
R. Wesselhoeft
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Two Samples

IntroductionThe Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) was developed to measure depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. It includes a child self-report part and a parent report on child part. The MFQ has been validated and proven clinical useful in several countries.ObjectivesTo validate the MFQ in a population of Danish children and adolescents.AimsThere is a need of a standardized questionnaire for Danish children and adolescents tapping into affective symptoms. Before routine use the MFQ must have been validated in Denmark. This study examines the validity of MFQ in Danish children and adolescents.MethodsThe study included two samples of probands aged 8–18 years. A population-based sample of school children and their parents, and a clinical sample including two subsamples:– patients referred for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services with depressive symptoms;– in-patients at the paediatric department of a University Hospital.All included probands and their parents filled out the MFQ and the clinical samples in addition answered the depression section of the Beck Youth Inventories, and were interviewed using the depression part of “K-SADS-PL”.ResultsPreliminary results from both samples will be presented at the EPA 2017 in Florence.ConclusionsDepending on the results of this study, the MFQ might be used as a screening instrument and as a clinical tool to monitor depressive symptoms in Danish children and adolescents.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals A-171 A Factor Analytic Investigation of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition in a Pediatric Clinical Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-965
Author(s):  
Lace J ◽  
Seitz D ◽  
Kennedy E ◽  
Austin T ◽  
Ferguson B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Behavior Rating ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract Objective The parent-report Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition (BRIEF-2) is a widely used measure in pediatric clinical neuropsychology. Unfortunately, despite notable changes from its predecessor, few studies to date have examined its internal factor structure (comprised of Behavioral Regulation [BRI], Emotion Regulation [ERI], and Cognitive Regulation [CRI]). Thus, this study sought to investigate the dimensionality of the parent-report BRIEF-2 in a mixed clinical sample. Method Two hundred two (202) outpatient pediatric neuropsychology examinees (M age = 9.90; 68% males; 53.5% with diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder) with complete data for the parent-report BRIEF-2 were extracted from an archival dataset. The sample was randomly split for confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses (CFA and EFA; ns = 101). Results Descriptive results revealed elevated scores across BRIEF-2 scales (Global Executive Composite M T = 70.16). CFA revealed that the theoretical three-factor model described by the BRIEF-2’s authors provided generally poor fit (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .12). Also, the three-factor model did not provide statistically significantly nor relatively better fit than a simpler two-factor model (RMSEA = .12), which merged BRI and ERI (consistent with the original BRIEF), identified via EFA. Conclusion(s) A two-factor structure (CRI and BRI/ERI) for the BRIEF-2 may be a more parsimonious and preferred model compared to the theoretical three-factor model in heavily neurodevelopmental clinical samples with high levels of reported executive dysfunction. Implications of these findings in context of previous literature, limitations of the present study, and appropriate directions for future inquiry are noted.

scholarly journals Psychometric evaluation of the Affect Regulation Checklist: Clinical and community samples, parent-reports and youth self-reports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Goulter ◽  
Sherene Balanji ◽  
Brooke A. Davis ◽  
Tim James ◽  
Cassia L. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Affect Dysregulation ◽  
Self Reports

The Affect Regulation Checklist (ARC) was designed to capture affect dysregulation, suppression, and reflection. Importantly, affect dysregulation has been established as a transdiagnostic mechanism underpinning many forms of psychopathology. We tested the ARC psychometric properties across clinical and community samples and through both parent-report and youth self-report information. Clinical sample: participants included parents (n=814; Mage=43.86) and their child (n=608; Mage=13.98). Community sample: participants included parents (n=578; Mage=45.12) and youth (n=809; Mage=15.67). Exploratory structural equation modeling supported a three-factor structure across samples and informants. Dysregulation was positively associated with all forms of psychopathology. In general, suppression was positively associated with many forms of psychopathology, and reflection was negatively associated with externalizing problems and positively associated with internalizing problems.

A psychometric evaluation of the Standardized Assessment of Severity of Personality Disorder (SASPD) in non-clinical and clinical German samples

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Rek ◽  
Isabel Thielmann ◽  
Miriam Henkel ◽  
Mike Crawford ◽  
Luigi Piccirilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Symptom Distress ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Standardized Assessment ◽  
Clinical Samples

The Standardized Assessment of Severity of Personality Disorder (SASPD) is a nine-item self-report screening instrument and was developed to assess personality disorder (PD) severity according to the initial proposal of ICD-11. Our aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the German version of the SASPD in non-clinical and clinical samples. A total of 1,991 participants (N = 888 from non-clinical and N = 1,103 from clinical samples) provided ratings on the SASPD as well as other measures of psychopathology and personality. We examined the SASPD regarding its factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity. A unidimensional structure of the SASPD provided inadequate model fit, whereas a three-factor solution provided good fit in both the non-clinical and clinical samples. Internal consistency of the SASPD total score was acceptable in the clinical and in the non-clinical sample based on this multi-factorial model. In terms of convergent validity, SASPD scores correlated fairly with other measures of PD severity across samples. Discriminant validity with measures of general symptom distress and measures of (normal) personality traits was mixed. In addition, the SASPD scores predicted levels of PD severity above and beyond a measure of symptom distress. The SASPD captures some theoretically expected features of PD severity. However, the multidimensional structure and limited convergent and discriminant validity may hamper future usage of the SASPD as a short screening tool of PD severity according to ICD-11.

Are Three Items Sufficient to Measure Sense of Coherence?

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Chiesi ◽  
Andrea Bonacchi ◽  
Caterina Primi ◽  
Alessandro Toccafondi ◽  
Guido Miccinesi
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Measure Sense

Abstract. The present study aimed at evaluating if the three-item sense of coherence (SOC) scale developed by Lundberg and Nystrom Peck (1995) can be effectively used for research purpose in both nonclinical and clinical samples. To provide evidence that it represents adequately the measured construct we tested its validity in a nonclinical (N = 658) and clinical sample (N = 764 patients with cancer). Results obtained in the nonclinical sample attested a positive relation of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – with Antonovsky’s 13-item and 29-item SOC scales (convergent validity), and with dispositional optimism, sense of mastery, anxiety, and depression symptoms (concurrent validity). Results obtained in the clinical sample confirmed the criterion validity of the scale attesting the positive role of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – on the person’s capacity to respond to illness and treatment. The current study provides evidence that the three-item SOC scale is a valid, low-loading, and time-saving instrument for research purposes on large sample.

Investigation of duck plague virus in hoar areas of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
A Hossen ◽  
MH Rahman ◽  
MZ Ali ◽  
MA Yousuf ◽  
MZ Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Duck Plague Virus ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Free Ranging

Duck plague (DP) is the most important infectious disease of geese, ducks and free-ranging water birds. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of duck plague virus followed by isolation and identification. For these purposes, a total of 155 cloacal swabs samples were collected randomly from duck of different haor areas of Bangladesh including 45 (41 surveillance and 4 clinical) samples from Netrokona; 42 (40 surveillance and 2 clinical) samples from Kishoregonj; 30 samples from Brahmanbaria and 38 samples from Sunamganj. The samples were processed and pooled (1:5 ratio) for initial screening of target polymerase gene of duck plague virus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. All the samples of a positive pool were then tested individually for identifying the individual positive samples. The result showed that out of 155 samples, 41 (26.45%) were found positive in which 17 were from Netrokona, where 15 (36.58%) were from surveillance samples and 2 (50%) were from clinical sample; 16 were from Kishoregonj, where 14 (35%) were from surveillance samples and 2 (100%) were from clinical sample; 2 (6.6%) were from Brahmanbaria and 5 (13.15%) were from Sunamganj. These positive samples were inoculated into 9-10 days embryonated duck eggs (EDE) through chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) route for the isolation of virus. The EDE died earlier was also chilled, and in a similar way, the CAMs were collected and again performed PCR for id entification of virus. Out of 41 PCR positive samples, 26 samples were isolated and reconfirmed by PCR. Subsequently, DPV was isolated in primary duck embryo fibroblasts cell culture and confirmed by observing cytopathic effect (CPE). Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 73-78

Challenging the Link Between Early Childhood Television Exposure and Later Attention Problems: A Multiverse Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew McBee ◽  
Rebecca Brand ◽  
Wallace E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Television Exposure ◽  
Influential Paper

In 2004, Christakis and colleagues published an influential paper claiming that early childhood television exposure causes later attention problems (Christakis, Zimmerman, DiGiuseppe, & McCarty, 2004), which continues to be frequently promoted by the popular media. Using the same NLSY-79 dataset (n = 2,108), we conducted two multiverse analyses to examine whether the finding reported by Christakis et al. was robust to different analytic choices. We evaluated 848 models, including logistic regression as per the original paper, plus linear regression and two forms of propensity score analysis. Only 166 models (19.6%) yielded a statistically significant relationship between early TV exposure and later attention problems, with most of these employing problematic analytic choices. We conclude that these data do not provide compelling evidence of a harmful effect of TV on attention. All material necessary to reproduce our analysis is available online via Github (https://github.com/mcbeem/TVAttention) and as a Docker container (https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/mmcbee/rstudio_tvattention)

Challenging the Link Between Early Childhood Television Exposure and Later Attention Problems: A Multiverse Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 095679762097165
Author(s):  
Matthew T. McBee ◽  
Rebecca J. Brand ◽  
Wallace E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Television Exposure

In 2004, Christakis and colleagues published an article in which they claimed that early childhood television exposure causes later attention problems, a claim that continues to be frequently promoted by the popular media. Using the same National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 data set ( N = 2,108), we conducted two multiverse analyses to examine whether the finding reported by Christakis and colleagues was robust to different analytic choices. We evaluated 848 models, including logistic regression models, linear regression models, and two forms of propensity-score analysis. If the claim were true, we would expect most of the justifiable analyses to produce significant results in the predicted direction. However, only 166 models (19.6%) yielded a statistically significant relationship, and most of these employed questionable analytic choices. We concluded that these data do not provide compelling evidence of a harmful effect of TV exposure on attention.

The link between sleep problems in infancy and early childhood and attention problems at 5 and 14years: Evidence from a birth cohort study

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances V. O'Callaghan ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Michael O'Callaghan ◽  
Alexandra Clavarino ◽  
Gail M. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

The Prevalence of Symptoms of Depression in An Australian General Population

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
General Population ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Depressive States

The prevalence of depressive symptoms was estimated in a random sample of an Australian general population by administration of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (S.D.S.). Rates, calculated according to criteria derived from a previously studied clinical sample, were somewhat higher in this population than had been reported in similar studies elsewhere. It was reasoned that this finding related to the relative laxity of criteria employed in the present study. Socio-demographic influences on the reporting of depressive symptoms were evident, the most prominent of these being the sex of the subject. It was suggested that these influences may underlie socio-demographic differences in rates of recognized depressive states occurring within clinical samples.

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