Problem-Focused Coping Strategies Used by Victims of Gender Violence Across the Stages of Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110548
Author(s):  
Alicia Puente-Martinez ◽  
Silvia Ubillos-Landa ◽  
Darío Páez-Rovira
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviors ◽  
Abusive Relationship ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study compares the problem-focused emotion regulation strategies used by 200 female survivors of intimate partner violence (age: M = 40.16, SD  =  11.27, 18 – 66 years) to cope with violence throughout various stages of change (SOC). It examines the relationship between problem-focused coping strategies and positive and negative affect, and the impact of these variables on the different SOC. Results suggest that victims differ and are flexible in the use of strategies throughout the various SOC. During the initial stages, victims tend to use passive/maladaptive behaviors that hamper change, while in the later stages they use more active/adaptive strategies to leave the abusive relationship.

The Impact of Thwarted Belonging on Tolerance of Abusive Behaviors in a Romantic Relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Trujillo ◽  
Heather M. Claypool
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Female Victim ◽  
Abusive Relationship ◽  
Competing Hypotheses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: This work examined the role of thwarted belonging in directing reactions to intimate partner violence (IPV). We tested two competing hypotheses. First, we offered the Insensitivity Hypothesis, which argued that excluded (compared to control) participants would indicate they were comfortable and willing to remain in an abusive relationship longer, an effect likely mediated by reduced relational needs. Second, we offered the Hypersensitivity Hypothesis, which argued that excluded (compared to control) participants would indicate they were uncomfortable and willing to leave an abusive relationship earlier, an effect likely mediated by activation of hostile cognitions. Methods: To test these, female participants underwent an exclusion or non-exclusion experience, completed measures of the hypothesized mediators, and then read a vignette describing a heterosexual romantic relationship that slowly turned more abusive. Participants took the perspective of the female victim and indicated when they would feel uncomfortable in the relationship and leave the relationship. Results: Results partially supported the Insensitivity Hypothesis, as exclusion (relative to control) lowered relational needs, and lowered relational needs predicted later desires to exit the relationship (no significant effects emerged for discomfort onset). Discussion: Implications of these findings for the belonging and IPV literatures are discussed.

Psychosocial Separation and Women’s Disengagement From Prosecutions Against Abusive Intimate Partners in Spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052098442
Author(s):  
María García-Jiménez ◽  
Alesha Durfee ◽  
María Jesús Cala-Carrillo ◽  
M. Eva Trigo
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
Abusive Relationship ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Recovery ◽  
The Impact

In order to end and “liberate” themselves from an abusive relationship, female survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) usually face a complex process. Although women may decide to seek help through the criminal justice system, some refuse to participate in legal proceedings against their abusers. While many studies have focused on exploring variables explaining disengagement from legal proceedings, the aim of this article is to study the impact of the process of liberation from an abusive relationship on the likelihood of disengagement (LoD) from legal proceedings. Liberation was measured through the psychosocial separation overall score and the LoD was predicted by a logistic regression model developed in a previous study in Spain. A sample of 80 women involved in legal proceedings for IPV against their ex-partners in Andalusia (Spain) participated in this study. Exploratory analyses were conducted using ANOVA and Chi-square; multiple linear regression analyses were used to study the relationship between psychosocial separation and LoD. Results showed that victims who had higher psychosocial separation from their abusers were less likely to disengage from legal proceedings against the abuser. We discuss the results in terms of practical implications like detection of women’s need for specific psychological support to ease a comprehensive recovery. Training programs for legal professionals and judges in the judicial arena should use the results of this study to increase professionals’ understanding of IPV and survivors’ decision-making processes. This would lead to a decrease in survivors’ secondary victimization, as well as decrease the frustration of legal professionals when victims disengage from legal proceedings.

scholarly journals Curriculum Review: Relationship Smarts Plus 4.0

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Abusive Relationship ◽  
Curriculum Review ◽  
The Relationship

The Relationship Smarts Plus curriculum contains 13 lessons regarding identity, principles of healthy dating, and communication skills. Lessons also include warning signs of abusive relationship and address the issue of intimate partner violence. At its core, the curriculum is built to teach youth how to realistically assess their real and potential dating relationships before making commitments or engaging in behaviors that may lead to unintentional commitments. This is a useful curriculum for educators seeking to engage a teen audience with research-informed activities in an area where teens have few sources of reputable information.

scholarly journals Mining for Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) in Sexual Minority Women Who Survive Intimate Partner Violence: A Conceptual Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Counselman-Carpenter ◽  
Alex Redcay
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Sexual Minority Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This theoretical paper explores the need to use posttraumatic growth (PTG) as a framework when studying sexual minority women (SMW) who are survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) to examine the relationship between risk factors such as stress, anxiety and alcohol use and to understand the role of protective factors through mining for the presence of posttraumatic growth (PTG). Despite a call for continued research in this highly vulnerable population, representative studies of SMW and PTG remain extremely limited. Research that examines the relationship between IPV, behavioral health issues, and posttraumatic growth would provide the opportunity to develop tailored intervention models and opportunities for program development to decrease isolation and increase factors of posttraumatic growth. In particular, the impact of how interpersonal relationships as potential mediators and/or outcomes of posttraumatic growth (PTG) needs to be explored more thoroughly. PTG is a valuable framework for vulnerable populations such as sexual minority women because it focuses on how transformative change may result from traumatic experiences such as surviving IPV.

scholarly journals Communicative Daily Life Stories: Raising Awareness About the Link Between Desire and Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1003-1009
Author(s):  
Laura Ruiz-Eugenio ◽  
Lídia Puigvert ◽  
Oriol Ríos ◽  
Rosa Maria Cisneros
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Violent Behaviors ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Gender violence poses a serious risk for women, girls, and children worldwide. Despite all efforts put forth to curtail it, few successful results have emerged. Narratives have been used to denounce the reality lived by survivors. However, scarcely any literature has explored how they get to question their own reality and, if they do, how these survivors are able to break the circle of gender violence by making room for nonviolent and egalitarian relationships. This article is a step in this direction: It explores how some girls, after participating in an initiative based on the language of desire, known as “Dialogic Feminist Gatherings,” encourage one another to question the dominant model of socialization in relationships in which attraction is linked to violent behaviors. The analysis focuses on communicative daily life stories (hereafter CDLS) performed in a Spanish high school with female teens after their participation in the gatherings. Drawing from these stories, the article illustrates how this methodological tool allows one to assess the impact of these gatherings on identifying the existence of this dominant model while also pushing to question it. This article also contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between attraction and violence, a risk factor for gender violence previously noted in the scientific literature. The knowledge obtained through this inquiry reinforces an evidence-based approach to having an effective social impact on the struggle against gender violence.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Visuospatial Memory and Coping Strategies in Breast Cancer Survivors

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. BCBCR.S6957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Ayala-Feliciano ◽  
Jaime J. Pons-Valerio ◽  
José Pons-Madera ◽  
Summer F. Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Psychosocial Adaptation ◽  
Visuospatial Memory ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background In the US there are over 2.5 million breast cancer survivors (BCSs), most of whom have required some type of intensive treatment. How individuals cope with the treatment process may relate to why neurocognitive problems arise. Method We explored the impact of treatment for breast cancer (BC) on performance of the Memory Island task, both on working memory and on the general index of cognitive performance in relation to coping strategies of BCSs compared to age-matched controls. Results The evidence obtained suggests a reduced performance in visuospatial memory in BCSs. Those who used emotional coping strategies displayed reduced performance in visuospatial learning and immediate memory. Those women who used problem-focused coping strategies performed better in those tasks measuring psychomotor speed, general intelligence, and delayed visuospatial memory. Conclusions It is concluded that further investigation of the relationship between coping strategies and performance on visuospatial tasks may provide useful information on residual levels of neurocognitive deficits and psychosocial adaptation in BCSs.

Stories of Victimization: Self-Positioning and Construction of Gender in Narratives of Abused Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4687-4712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Jarnkvist ◽  
Lotta Brännström
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Abusive Relationship ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

The objective of this article is to analyze how women who have been victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) position themselves in relation to the image of the “ideal victim” and how gender is constructed in that positioning. There is a need for a gender analysis framework to understand how various forms of femininity are constructed and how narratives linked to this can either maintain a woman in an abusive relationship or encourage her to leave. Christie’s theory of the “ideal victim” and Connell’s gender theory are applied in this study, in which the narratives of 14 female IPV victims in Sweden are analyzed using a narrative method. Three strings of narratives, representing different forms of femininity, are revealed in the material. The master narrative of the ideal victim reveals a form of femininity that describes women as inferior in relation to men. In the alternative narrative, the narrator positions herself as inferior in relation to the offender but discusses resistance. She describes herself as a caring mother who risks a great deal to protect her children. In the counter-narrative, the narrator positions herself as strong and independent in relation to the offender and as a strong and caring mother. The positioning of different narrators may shift depending on the duration of the relationship and the type of violence. The narrator may also take different positions during different phases of the story. However, the dominant narrative among the narrators is the story of the caring mother, which may have several functions and can partially be understood as a sign of the strong discourse of motherhood in society. The study contributes to a more profound understanding of the complexity related to women’s own positioning and reveals that awareness is required when attempting to understand the narratives and behavior of abused women.

Posttraumatic Growth as a Mediator of Self-Blame and Happiness in the Context of Interpersonal Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1088-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Moschella ◽  
Sidney Turner ◽  
Victoria L. Banyard
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Sexual assault (SA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) occur at alarming rates in the United States. Prior research indicates that victims of traumatic events frequently experience both positive and negative changes as part of their recovery process. The present study aimed to further existing research by examining the relationship between self-blame, posttraumatic growth (PTG), and happiness when controlling for posttraumatic stress and time since victimization. The current study analyzed 357 women who had experienced at least one incident of SA or IPV. We found that PTG partially mediated the relationship between self-blame and happiness, suggesting that PTG only somewhat explains the impact of self-blame on victim happiness. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO: EL PAPEL DE LA EMPATÍA Y EL PERDÓN SOBRE LA ACTITUD HACIA VOLVER CON LA EXPAREJA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Beatriz Montes-Berges ◽  
María Aranda
Keyword(s):  
Battered Women ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Self Forgiveness ◽  
Empathic Ability ◽  
Violent Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.GENDER VIOLENCE: EMPATHY AND FORGIVENESS ROLE ON THE ATTITUDE TOWARD RETURNING WITH THE EXPARTNER.In the intervention with battered women, to minimize the impact of the experience and to diminish the possibility of a return to the violent relationship is quite important. To achieve this purpose, working on variables with a restorative effect on the process is the key. Considering the role of forgiveness in other clinical contexts, and the linking of empathy with it, the objective of the study was to analyze the relationship and predictive capacity of empathy and forgiveness (forgiveness of the situation and self-forgiveness, and forgiveness of the other) on the attitude of returning with the ex-partner. The study involved 17 women between 26 and 60 years. It was found that the ability or inability to separate from the emotions of others (reverberation), as empathic ability, influences the attitude of returning or not with the ex-partner. In addition, participants with greater difficulty in self forgiveness and forgive the situation had a higher difficulty of separation or reverberation.Keywords: Gender violence, empathy, forgiveness, attitude toward return.Resumen.En la intervención con mujeres víctimas de violencia de género es fundamental minimizar el impacto de la experiencia sufrida y disminuir la posibilidad de retorno a la relación violenta. Para ello es clave trabajar sobre variables con efecto reparador sobre el proceso. Considerando el papel que se ha otorgado al perdón en otros contextos clínicos y la vinculación de la empatía con éste, el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la relación y capacidad predictiva de la empatía y el perdón en sus dos dimensiones (perdón a la situación y autoperdón, y perdón al otro) sobre la actitud de volver con la expareja. Participaron 17 mujeres de entre 26 y 60 años. Se encontró que la capacidad o incapacidad de separarse de las emociones de los demás (reverberación), influye en la actitud de volver o no con la expareja. Además, las participantes con mayor dificultad para perdonarse a sí mismas y a la situación, presentaban también una dificultad más elevada de separación emocional o reverberación.Palabras clave: violencia de género, empatía, perdón, actitud hacia volver.

scholarly journals Consolidation, Stages of Change, and Loyalty among Users of Public Sports and Health Services Aged 12–16

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10113
Author(s):  
Antonio Fernández-Martínez ◽  
Luis Alberto Dueñas-Dorado ◽  
María Rosario Teva-Villén ◽  
Alberto Nuviala
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

There are two main lines of inquiry in the literature on adherence and/or loyalty to the practice of physical activity and to health services: one focuses on the impact of perceived quality of sports and health services and satisfaction with these services on user loyalty, while the other concludes that users with more self-determined motivation at more advanced stages of physical activity display higher levels of physical activity and greater intentions to continue this activity. The objective of this study is to ascertain the impact of different dimensions of sports service quality on satisfaction and loyalty among users aged 12 to 16 years old and to identify any differences between adolescent users at more and less consolidated stages of physical activity. A total of 1717 minors with a mean age of 13.83 ± 1.32 years who practise organised physical activity at public sports centres in Nuevo León (Mexico), 51.5% of whom were boys, participated in the study. The model of structural equations linking quality, satisfaction, and loyalty displayed adequate indices. The results showed that the staff, specific activity, and user satisfaction are predictors of loyalty. Significant differences were only found between minors at consolidated and non-consolidated stages of physical activity in the relationship between service personnel and loyalty. In conclusion, human resources and their deployment are predictive of loyalty towards sports and health services among adolescents.

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