The Negative Impact of a Negative Attitude

Overindulgence in social networking, in general, and texting, in particular, is much in practice. It is cutting across various population boundaries and has almost assumed an endemic proportion. Its consequential impact on the standard language has acquired greater importance. This paper aims to determine the perceptions and attitudes of English Second Language (ESL) learners at Aligarh Muslim University towards the consequences of texting on Standard English. The data were collected through a five-point scale questionnaire from ninety students who were enrolled at Aligarh Muslim University during the academic year 2010-2011. The respondents completed a 16-item questionnaire. The students from which the data were collected were grouped according to their levels. The results indicate the negative impact of this new usage of the language in breaking the rules of English language and influencing their literacy. Moreover, the questionnaire results from respondents' point of view show that regardless of their heavy use of texting, most respondents have a negative attitude towards texting and they viewed it as a threat to Standard English.

Download Full-text

Credit-Based Mobility Management Considering Travelers’ Budgeting Behaviors Under Uncertainty

Transportation Science ◽

10.1287/trsc.2020.1014 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xi Lin ◽

Yafeng Yin ◽

Fang He

Keyword(s):

Mobility Management ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Early Stage ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Transportation System ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Individual Mobility ◽

Management Scheme ◽

Parsimonious Models ◽

Late Stages

This study analyzes the performance of a credit-based mobility management scheme considering travelers’ budgeting behaviors for credit consumption under uncertainty. In the scheme, government agencies periodically distribute a certain number of credits to travelers; travelers must pay a credit charge for driving to complete their trips. Otherwise, they can take public transit free of credit charge. Consequently, within a credit-releasing cycle, travelers must budget their credit consumption to fulfill their mobility needs. Such budgeting behaviors can be viewed as a multistage decision-making process under uncertainty. Considering a transportation system with a credit scheme, we propose parsimonious models to investigate how the uncertainty associated with individual mobility needs and the subsequent travelers’ credit-budgeting behavior influence the multistage equilibrium of the transportation system, as well as the performance of the credit scheme on managing the transportation system. Both analytical and numerical results suggest that travelers tend to restrict their credit consumption in the early stage of a credit-releasing cycle to hedge against the risks associated with using up all credits, which compromises the performances of credit-based schemes. Moreover, a negative attitude toward risk aggravates the discrepancy between the credit consumption of the early and late stages. Last, we propose a contingency credit scheme to mitigate the negative impact incurred by travelers’ budgeting behaviors.

Download Full-text

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pediatricians and Pharmacists in Riyadh City toward the use of Sugar free Medications

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1612 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 755-760 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Omar A Bawazir ◽

Bandar Alsuwayt ◽

Waleed Alqahtani ◽

Ahmad Al-Dhafiri ◽

Mosleh Al-Shamrani

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Influencing Factor ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

University Hospital ◽

Riyadh City ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Medical City ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

ABSTRACT Objective This study was intended to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of pediatricians and pharmacists about sugar free medications (SFMs) and their impact on oral health. Materials and methods Self-administered close ended questionnaire was handed out to all pediatricians and pharmacists in five tertiary hospitals in Riyadh (King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud Medical City, King Fahad Medical City, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Security Forces Hospital) to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice concerning SFMs. Results Eighty-five pediatricians and 77 pharmacists participated in this study. The results showed that pediatricians and pharmacists have a good knowledge, but negative attitude toward SFMs. Only (5.9%) of pediatricians had formal undergraduate training which is significantly lower than pharmacists (15.6%) (p = 0.04). One-third of pediatricans and pharmacists prescribe or dispense SFMs. The most influencing factors toward prescription (pediatrician) of SFMs was the medical status of the patient (70.6%), while the most influencing factor of dispensing (pharmacists) SFMs was the availability in the pharmacy (64.9%). Two-third of pediatricians (67%) guide the parents about the risk associated with sugarcontaining medications (SCMs) which is significantly higher than pharmacists (p < 0.0001). Also, 53% of pediatricians recommend oral hygiene instructions when prescribing SCMs which is also significantly higher than pharmacists (p = 0.002). Conclusion There is a considerable knowledge about SFMs and its impact on dental caries, among pediatricians and pharmacists participated in this study. However, their attitude toward prescribing or dispensing SFMs was not positive and may be linked to the gap in knowledge. Further training and education of healthcare providers regarding the use of SFMs and its negative impact on dental caries has to be reiterated. How to cite this article Bawazir OA, Alsuwayt B, Alqahtani W, Al-Dhafiri A, Al-Shamrani M. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pediatricians and Pharmacists in Riyadh City toward the use of Sugar free Medications. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014; 15(6):755-760.

Download Full-text

The Patient in Free Movement Law: Medical History, Diagnosis, and Prognosis

Cambridge yearbook of European legal studies ◽

10.1017/cel.2019.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 162-186

Author(s):

Barend VAN LEEUWEN

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Quality Of Healthcare ◽

Free Movement ◽

The European Union ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Moment

AbstractFree movement of patients has been criticised from the moment that the first patient cases reached the Court of Justice of the European Union (‘CJEU’). The moving patient supposedly increases consumerism, reduces national solidarity, and has a negative impact on the quality of healthcare provided in some Member States. This article challenges the empirical foundations of such criticisms. An empirical analysis of all patient cases before the CJEU shows that a significant number of patients required urgent treatment, that their medical condition was life-threatening, and that they were supported by their treating doctor in seeking treatment in another Member State. Moreover, free movement of patient cases regularly lead to positive changes to national healthcare systems. Therefore, the negative attitude towards free movement of patients should be reconsidered. Patients, doctors, and lawyers must think more strategically about how free movement can be used to improve the quality of healthcare in the EU.

Download Full-text

Cancer patients' reluctance to discuss psychological distress with their physicians was not associated with underrecognition of depression by physicians: A preliminary study

Palliative & Supportive Care ◽

10.1017/s1478951509000297 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 229-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Toru Okuyama ◽

Chiharu Endo ◽

Takashi Seto ◽

Masashi Kato ◽

Nobuhiko Seki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Adjustment Disorder ◽

Emotional Disclosure ◽

Data Set ◽

Cutoff Value ◽

Perceived Need ◽

Severity Of Depression ◽

Attending Physician

ABSTRACTObjective:To investigate the association between cancer patients' reluctance for emotional disclosure to their physician and underrecognition of depression by physicians.Methods:Randomly selected ambulatory patients with lung cancer were evaluated by the Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale (HADS), and those with scores over the validated cutoff value for adjustment disorder or major depressive disorder were included in this analysis. The data set included the responses to the 13-item questionnaire to assess four possible concerns of patients in relation to emotional disclosure to the treating physician (“no perceived need to disclose emotions,” “fear of the negative impact of emotional disclosure,” “negative attitude toward emotional disclosure,” “hesitation to disturb the physician with emotional disclosure”). The attending physicians rated the severity of depression in each patient using 3-point Likert scales (0 [absent] to 2 [clinical]). Depression was considered to be underrecognized when the patients had a HADS score above the cutoff value, but in whom the depression rating by the attending physician was 0.Results:The HADS score was over the cutoff value in the 60 patients. The mean age was 65.1 ± 10.0, and 82% had advanced cancer (Stage IIIb or IV or recurrence). Depression was underrecognized in 44 (73%) patients. None of the four factors related to reluctance for emotional disclosure was associated with the underrecognition of depression by the physicians. None of the demographic or cancer–related variables were associated with depression underrecognition by physicians.Significance of results:The results did not support the assumption that patients' reluctance for emotional disclosure is associated with the underrecognition of depression by physicians.

Download Full-text

A survey of livestock losses caused by Asiatic wild dogs, leopards and tigers, and of the impact of predation on the livelihood of farmers in Bhutan

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr14013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 300 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Om N. Katel ◽

Saran Pradhan ◽

Dietrich Schmidt-Vogt

Keyword(s):

Household Income ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Livestock Depredation ◽

Cuon Alpinus ◽

Significant Negative Impact ◽

Annual Average Number ◽

Wild Dogs ◽

The Impact ◽

Human Wildlife Conflict

Context Human–wildlife conflict is a serious impediment to conservation efforts worldwide. This is also true for Bhutan, where dholes or wild dogs (Cuon alpinus), leopards and tigers constitute a menace to the livestock of farmers. Livestock losses as a result depredation by wild animals is a major cause of conflict with farmers, threatening their livelihoods, and causing a negative attitude that can lead to retaliatory killing of wildlife. Aims To survey farmers and document their livestock losses, as well as estimate the value of livestock losses and the causes of predation. Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey of 147 farming households in three zones of the Toebesa subdistrict of Punakha, Bhutan. Respondents provided information on their farming activities and household income, as well as on predation losses of cattle, goats, pigs, chickens, cats and dogs caused by dholes, tigers and leopards between 2006 and 2010. Additional data on livestock populations and losses were obtained from the Renewable Natural Resources Census at the subdistrict. Key Results The results showed that dholes kill more livestock than do common leopards and tigers, the two other known livestock predators in the study area. The annual average number of livestock killed by dholes was 0.19 per household, which is ~2% of the total household income and ~11% of income derived from livestock. Annual income from livestock contributes 21% to the total annual revenues of farmers in the study area. The practice of allowing cattle to freely range, unguarded, in the forest was identified as the primary factor causing high livestock losses to dholes. Conclusions Dholes are the principal predator in the study area and have a significant negative impact on farmers’ livelihoods through loss of income. Our findings that livestock depredation by dholes was significantly less inside the villages and on farmed plots than in the forests showed that the problem can be addressed by improved husbandry practices. Implications To reduce livestock depredation by dholes, incentives or strategies should be investigated for encouraging farmers to let their livestock graze inside and around villages, which includes stall feeding and tethering, and to cooperatively shepherd them in the forests during the day.

Download Full-text

Truth Claim dan Implikasinya terhadap Usaha Penciptaan Kohesi Damai Antarumat Beragama

ISLAMICA Jurnal Studi Keislaman ◽

10.15642/islamica.2016.10.2.374-395 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 374

Author(s):

Nur Hidayat Wakhid Udin

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Truth Claim ◽

The World ◽

Positive Effect

One of the sacred missions carried out by every religion is spreading harmony and peace. However, the facts show us that religious sentiment often creates disharmony among religious adherents and it also often leads to conflict and violence. This problem is caused by, among others, truth claim which sees other religions as false. The truth claim has been in fact one of the main terms promulgated by every religion towards its followers. Using qualitative approach, this article attempts to explain that every single religion in the world possesses its own distinctive doctrine about truth. The doctrine about truth has in fact led to two implications, namely the positive implication and the negative one. The truth claim would result in positive effect when it is viewed prudently and not understood blindly. It means that every religious adherent should realize the existence of “other” truth out of his/her belief. On the contrary, the truth claim would bring about negative impact when it is seen sightlessly and understood through one-sided view. This negative attitude would be an obstacle for every effort to create peaceful relation among interfaith adherents.

Download Full-text

Perceptions, behaviours and attitudes towards smoking held by the male partners of Chinese pregnant women: A qualitative study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-413008/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wei XIA ◽

Ho cheung William Li ◽

Peige Song ◽

Ka Yan Ho ◽

Yuanhui Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Male Partners ◽

Tobacco Exposure ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Expectant Fathers

Abstract Background: Direct associations of tobacco exposure during pregnancy with pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes have been proven. Previous studies suggest that expecting a child provides a teachable moment to promote behavioural changes, such as smoking cessation, among the male partners of pregnant women. Thorough understandings of Chinese expectant fathers smoking behaviour during the transition to fatherhood is an essential prerequisite to the development of appropriate interventions to facilitate smoking cessation. This study aimed to explore the perceptions, behaviours and attitudes related to smoking among male partners of pregnant women in China.Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was adopted. A purposive sample of expectant fathers aged 18 years or older who had a tobacco use history within the past year were recruited at obstetrics and gynaecology clinics and invited to participate in one-to-one 20-30-minute semi-structured interviews. The data analysis followed Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. Results: Twenty-five expectant fathers were interviewed. Four themes were generated: 1) the social interaction benefits of smoking and the misperceptions of the smoking hazards were the major reasons for continuing smoking; 2) associations between the perceptions of health and smoking, included negative impact of smoking on their own health develops slowly and can be ignored, and secondhand smoke will not affect the health of foetuses; 3) factors contributing to smoking cessation, including concerns about the health of the pregnant partner and baby, the role of father, partners’ pregnancy as a good excuse, and encouragement of family members and recognition of efforts to quit smoking;, and 4) perceived barriers to smoking cessation, including difficulties in overcoming withdrawal symptoms or cigarette cravings, negative attitude toward seeking assistance with smoking cessation, unawareness of and difficulty in accessing smoking cessation support, and Lack of coping strategies for releasing increased stress..Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the perceptions, behaviours and attitudes held by Chinese expectant fathers regarding smoking and identified the facilitators and barriers to cessation. The findings from this study could direct healthcare professionals to develop and evaluate appropriate smoking cessation interventions targeted for Chinese expectant fathers. Trial registration: Registered at clinicaltrial.org (NCT03401021) on 8 Jan 2018.

Download Full-text

Knowledge and attitude towards cutaneous leishmaniasis among rural endemic communities in Shara’b district, Taiz, southwestern Yemen

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-05965-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Talal H. Alharazi ◽

Najoua Haouas ◽

Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi

Keyword(s):

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

Abstract Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a neglected tropical disease, represents a significant public health problem in many endemic countries including Yemen. The ongoing armed conflict that started in March 2015 has had a negative impact on the entire healthcare system as well as on infectious disease control programmes. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude towards CL among rural endemic communities in southwestern Yemen. Methods Five hundred households in five areas of Shara’b district of Taiz governorate were randomly selected to participate in a quantitative survey. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, their knowledge and attitude towards CL and their knowledge on the sand fly vector. Results The analysis was conducted on a final sample of 466 individuals (62.7% males and 37.3% females) aged between 18 and 70 years. Among the participants, 21.5% were non-educated while 39.7 and 20.8% had completed secondary school and tertiary education, respectively. Although the participants were aware of CL, about three quarters (77.7%) of them had poor overall knowledge about disease transmission, clinical presentation, treatment, and prevention. Interestingly, approximately half of the participants (49.1%) were able to differentiate sand flies from other flies and mosquitoes. However, only 14.8% of the participants knew about the role of the phlebotomine sand fly in the transmission of CL. Only 36.6% believed that CL can be prevented and 49.6% had a negative attitude towards the disease. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that age and gender were the significant determinants of knowledge about CL and the sand fly vector among the studied population. Conclusion A poor level of knowledge about the different epidemiological aspects of CL was found among rural CL-endemic communities in Taiz. This factor, together with the major collapse of the healthcare infrastructure due to the ongoing civil war in Yemen, may be contributing to the continued endemicity of CL in the governorate. It is therefore recommended that health education on CL transmission and prevention should be provided to the targeted communities.

Download Full-text

Measuring Explicit Prejudice and Transphobia in Nursing Students and Professionals

Nursing Reports ◽

10.3390/nursrep10020008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 48-55

Author(s):

Jesús Manuel García-Acosta ◽

María Elisa Castro-Peraza ◽

Lilisbeth Perestelo-Pérez ◽

Amado Rivero-Santana ◽

Ángeles Arias-Rodríguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Trans People ◽

Explicit Prejudice

Trans* people frequently report attitudes of prejudice/transphobia in health professionals. Conversely, health professionals indicate the lack of adequate training to care for these people and its impact on the quality of care provided. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the explicit prejudices/transphobia of health students and professionals and compare them with the general population in Tenerife. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with the Genderism and Transphobia Scale (GTS) and the Negative Attitude towards Trans* people Scale (EANT) with a total of 602 participants. Results: We found a low mean level of explicit prejudice/transphobia, with little/no differences between occupation groups. Explicit transphobia was correlated with being a man, less educated, and heterosexual, and not personally knowing a trans* person. Men and women were less transphobic about trans* people whose identities coincided with their own. Conclusion: All participants showed a low mean level of explicit transphobia. This result is not incompatible with unconscious prejudice, which may translate to discriminatory behaviors. Interventions to change negative attitudes are still needed, since even a small percentage of transphobic health professionals could exert a considerable negative impact on health care. In professionals without transphobic attitudes, the barriers identified by trans* people might be a problem due to the lack of specific training.

Download Full-text