Vaccine Hesitancy and Online Information: The Influence of Digital Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah Getman ◽  
Mohammad Helmi ◽  
Hal Roberts ◽  
Alfa Yansane ◽  
David Cutler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Vaccine Information

Aims. This article analyzes the digital childhood vaccination information network for vaccine-hesitant parents. The goal of this study was to explore the structure and influence of vaccine-hesitant content online by generating a database and network analysis of vaccine-relevant content. Method. We used Media Cloud, a searchable big-data platform of over 550 million stories from 50,000 media sources, for quantitative and qualitative study of an online media sample based on keyword selection. We generated a hyperlink network map and measured indegree centrality of the sources and vaccine sentiment for a random sample of 450 stories. Results. 28,122 publications from 4,817 sources met inclusion criteria. Clustered communities formed based on shared hyperlinks; communities tended to link within, not among, each other. The plurality of information was provaccine (46.44%, 95% confidence interval [39.86%, 53.20%]). The most influential sources were in the health community (National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) or mainstream media ( New York Times); some user-generated sources also had strong influence and were provaccine (Wikipedia). The vaccine-hesitant community rarely interacted with provaccine content and simultaneously used primary provaccine content within vaccine-hesitant narratives. Conclusion. The sentiment of the overall conversation was consistent with scientific evidence. These findings demonstrate an online environment where scientific evidence online drives vaccine information outside of the vaccine-hesitant community but is also prominently used and misused within the robust vaccine-hesitant community. Future communication efforts should take current context into account; more information may not prevent vaccine hesitancy.

scholarly journals A crise do jornalismo: ecos e silêncios nas práticas e nas narrativas

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Liselote Berger Ramos Kuschick ◽  
Vanessa Hauser
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Media ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Reference ◽  
History Of Journalism

Pesquisadores e jornalistas dedicam-se a compreender que tensionamentos abalam o sistema de produção de sentido que até então ostentava certa hegemonia como discurso que representa um presente social de referência (GOMIS, 1999). Este artigo reflete sobre o modo como a crise do jornalismo tem aparecido nos discursos e nas práticas da própria imprensa. A suspeita inicial é a de que a crise configura-se em acontecimento silenciado pela mídia hegemônica. Por outro lado, inevitavelmente ela transparece também nas práticas jornalísticas, uma vez que tem atingido de forma intensa a estrutura de funcionamento das redações. Além disso, tem provocado os jornalistas a reverem suas competências e o campo a transformar - de certo modo - seus pressupostos e modos de fazer.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: crise do jornalismo; práticas; hegemonia; futuro do jornalismo.  ABSTRACTResearchers and journalists are dedicated to understand the tensions that shake the production system of journalism, which has had certain hegemony as social reference speech  (GOMIS, 1999). This article reflects on how the crisis journalism has appeared in speeches and in the press itself practices. The initial suspicion is that the crisis sets in muted event by the mainstream media. Moreover, it inevitably also transpires in newspaper practice, once it has reached the working structure of essays. It has caused journalists to review their skills and transform the field - in a way - their assumptions and ways of doing.KEYWORDS: journalism crisis; practices; hegemony; future of journalism. RESUMENLos investigadores y periodistas se dedican a entender las tensiones que sacuden el sistema de producción de sentidos del periodismo que hasta ahora se jactó cierta hegemonia. En este artículo se reflexiona sobre cómo ha aparecido la crisis del periodismo en los discursos y en las prácticas de la prensa. La sospecha inicial es que la crisis ha sido silenciada por los grandes medios. Por otra parte, inevitablemente también transpira en la práctica periódistica, una vez que ha alcanzado la estructura de trabajo de las salas de prensa. Además, se ha provocado a los periodistas a revisar sus habilidades y transformar el campo - de una manera - sus supuestos y formas de hacer.PALABRAS CLAVE: crisis del periodismo; prácticas; la hegemonía; futuro del periodismo. ReferênciasBLANCHAR, Clara. Wikileaks y "los viejos del lugar". El País, 2010. Disponível em: .BOLTER, J.D; GRUSIN, R. Remediation: understanding new media. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2000.DEMO, Pedro. Metodologia Científica em Ciências Sociais. São Paulo: Atlas, 1995.GENRO FILHO, Adelmo. O segredo da pirâmide: para uma teoria marxista do jornalismo. Porto Alegre: Ortiz, 1989.GOMIS, Lorenzo. Teoria del periodismo: cómo se forma el presente. Barcelona: Paidós, 1991GROTH, Otto. O poder cultural desconhecido: fundamentos da ciência dos jornais. Petrópolis, RJ: Vozes, 2011.HEGEL, G.W.F. A fenomenologia do espírito. Parte 1. Tradução: Paulo Meneses. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1992.HENN, Ronaldo. El Ciberacontecimento: producción y semioses. Barcelona: Editorial UOC e InconUAB, 2014.ISAACSON, Walter. How to save your newspaper. Time Magazine, 2009. Disponível em: < http://time.com/3270666/how-to-save-your-newspaper/>JORGE, Thaïs de Mendonça. Mutação no jornalismo. Como a notícia chega à internet. Brasília: Editora UnB, 2013.LAFUENTE, Gumersindo. A melhor maneira de fazer jornalismo é pela internet: entrevista com Gumersindo Lafuente Parte 1. In: MAROCCO, Beatriz. O jornalista e a prática: entrevistas. São Leopoldo: Editora Unisinos, 2012, p. 211-218.______. ¿Como hemos llegado hasta aquí? Cuadernos de Comunicación Evoca, Madrid, 2012.LEAL, Bruno Sousa et. all. A "crise do jornalismo": o que ela afirma, o que ela esquece. Encontro Nacional de História da Mídia, Ouro Preto (MG), 2013. Anais...Ouro Preto, 2013. Disponível em: < http://www.ufrgs.br/alcar/encontros-nacionais-1/9o-encontro-2013/artigos/gt-historia-do-jornalismo/a-201ccrise201d-do-jornalismo-o-que-ela-afirma-o-que-ela-esquece >. Acesso em 20 de junho de 2014.NOBRE, Marcos. Notícia em Crise. Folha de S. Paulo, 2008.NOCI, Javier Díaz. A History of Journalism on the Internet: A state of the art and some methodological trends. Revista Internacional de Historia de la Comunicación, n. 1, 2013, p. 253-272.______.Definición teórica de las características del ciberperiodismo: elementos de la comunicacion digital. Doxa Comunicación, n. 6, 2008, p. 53 - 91.PAVLIK, John. Entretenimento e informação no envolvimento da audiência (entrevista a Andriolli Costa). Revista do Instituto Humanitas Unisinos. São Leopoldo: Unisinos, 2014.RAMONET, Ignacio. A explosão do jornalismo: das mídias de massa à massa de mídias. São Paulo: Publisher Brasil, 2012.SEIBT, Taís. Redação Integrada: a experiência do jornal Zero Hora no processo de convergência jornalística. 2014. 135 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Comunicação, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos. São Leopoldo, 2014.STEPHENS, Mitchell. Beyond News: The Futuro of Journalism. New York: Columbia, 2014.THE NEW YORK TIMES. Inovation. New York, 2014.  Disponível em:Url:  http://opendepot.org/2687/ Abrir em (para melhor visualização em dispositivos móveis - Formato Flipbooks):Issuu / Calameo

Global Warming as a Socioscientific Controversy

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Craig O. Stewart ◽  
Claire Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Policy Responses

Socioscientific controversies are “extended argumentative engagements over socially significant issues … comprising communicative events and practices in and from both scientific and nonscientific spheres” (Stewart, 2009, p. 125). While global warming is not controversial among the vast majority of climate scientists, socioscientific controversies over global warming abound in various media, as citizens, politicians, journalists, and others discuss and weigh the scientific evidence for and appropriate policy responses to global warming. In this chapter, the authors investigate the lexical choices used in the New York Times in straight news articles reporting on controversies about global warming from 2001-2006, as partisan differences on this issue became more pronounced. Specifically, using DICTION 5.0, the authors analyze 87 news reports, comparing those focused on science issues with those focused on policy issues. These statistical lexical comparisons are supplemented with qualitative discourse analyses.

scholarly journals Using the president’s tweets to understand political diversion in the age of social media

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Lewandowsky ◽  
Michael Jetter ◽  
Ullrich K. H. Ecker
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Increased Activity

Abstract Social media has arguably shifted political agenda-setting power away from mainstream media onto politicians. Current U.S. President Trump’s reliance on Twitter is unprecedented, but the underlying implications for agenda setting are poorly understood. Using the president as a case study, we present evidence suggesting that President Trump’s use of Twitter diverts crucial media (The New York Times and ABC News) from topics that are potentially harmful to him. We find that increased media coverage of the Mueller investigation is immediately followed by Trump tweeting increasingly about unrelated issues. This increased activity, in turn, is followed by a reduction in coverage of the Mueller investigation—a finding that is consistent with the hypothesis that President Trump’s tweets may also successfully divert the media from topics that he considers threatening. The pattern is absent in placebo analyses involving Brexit coverage and several other topics that do not present a political risk to the president. Our results are robust to the inclusion of numerous control variables and examination of several alternative explanations, although the generality of the successful diversion must be established by further investigation.

scholarly journals One issue, different stories: The construction of GMO issues on Chinese, American and British mainstream media portals

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-275
Author(s):  
Yiqin Ruan ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jianbin Jin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Uk

Biotechnology, as an emerging technology, has drawn much attention from the public and elicited hot debates in countries around the world and among various stakeholders. Due to the public's limited access to front-line scientific information and scientists, as well as the difficulty of processing complex scientific knowledge, the media have become one of the most important channels for the public to get news about scientific issues such as genetically modified organisms (GMOs). According to framing theory, how the media portray GMO issues may influence audiences’ perceptions of those issues. Moreover, different countries and societies have various GMO regulations, policies and public opinion, which also affect the way media cover GMO issues. Thus, it is necessary to investigate how GMO issues are covered in different media outlets across different countries. We conducted a comparative content analysis of media coverage of GMO issues in China, the US and the UK. One mainstream news portal in each of the three countries was chosen ( People's Daily for China, The New York Times for the US, and The Guardian for the UK). We collected coverage over eight years, from 2008 to 2015, which yielded 749 pieces of news in total. We examined the sentiments expressed and the generic frames used in coverage of GMO issues. We found that the factual, human interest, conflict and regulation frames were the most common frames used on the three portals, while the sentiments expressed under those frames varied across the media outlets, indicating differences in the state of GMO development, promotion and regulation among the three countries.

scholarly journals CNN Effect in Yemen War

Jurnal ICMES ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Hilal Kholid Bajri ◽  
Nugrah Nurrohman ◽  
Muhammad Fakhri
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Effect Theory

This article is a study of the involvement of the United States (US) in the Yemeni War thas has already taken place since 2015 by using the 'CNN Effect' theory. The authors analyzed documents and mass media coverage and conducted discourse analysis on US mainstream media news, namely CNN and the New York Times. The result of this research shows that CNN and the New York Times did not report the Yemeni War proportionally so that public opinion ignored this war and did not encourage further action from the US government and United Nations to stop the war. This way of reporting is in line with US’ economic-political interests in Yemen and US support for the Saudi Arabia.

Mainstream Media Failure Modes and Self-Healing in a Propaganda-Rich Environment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochai Benkler ◽  
Robert Faris ◽  
Hal Roberts
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Election Coverage

This chapter examines how mainstream media operated in a propaganda-rich environment by focusing on its failure and recovery modes. In particular, this chapter analyzes two central attributes of mainstream media and professional journalism that shaped election coverage, and in some cases made them particularly susceptible to being manipulated into spreading right-wing propaganda: balance and the scoop culture. The chapter first considers how internal dynamics of news reporting led mainstream media to emphasize the email investigation over substantive discussion of politics. The chapter then shows how Breitbart exploited the hunger for scoops, along with the public performance of objectivity and critical remove of mainstream journalism, to utilize the credibility of the New York Times, and later other major publications, to propagate and accredit the “Clinton corruption” frame. Finally, the chapter describes the failures and corrective mechanisms surrounding the recipients of President Donald Trump’s Fake News Awards for 2017.

Fake News on Russia and Other Official Enemies: The New York Times, 1917–2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward S. Herman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
National Security ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Monthly Review ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
National Security State

Mainstream media outlets have recently expressed their dismay over the rise and spread of "fake news," taking it as an obvious truth that what they themselves provide is straightforward, unbiased, fact-based reporting. They do offer such news, but they also provide a steady flow of false or misleading information, often supplied by the national security state, other branches of government, and sites of corporate power.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.

scholarly journals The COVID States Project #61: Parental concerns about COVID-19 vaccines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline H Pippert ◽  
Jennifer Lin ◽  
David Lazer ◽  
Roy H. Perlis ◽  
Matthew D Simonson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Future Fertility ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times

In an online forum designed to quell parents’ anxieties about the COVID-19 vaccine for their kids, one parent wrote: “I’m not an anti-vaxxer or an anti-masker. I’m just worried.” (New York Times, 2021). On May 12, 2021, the New York Times published an article titled “They’re Not Anti-Vaccine, but These Parents Are Hesitant About the COVID Shot” which takes the reader through a series of online conversations between doctors and parents anxious about vaccinating their kids against COVID-19. Parents reported being nervous about the newness of the vaccine and how fast it was developed, as well as the potential for side effects and allergic reactions. Additionally, parents of adolescents raised concerns about the vaccine affecting puberty and future fertility. Since the publication of the Times article, the FDA has granted emergency authorization for the COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 12-15 and so far, 39.5% have received one dose and 29% are fully vaccinated as of August 2, 2021.As vaccination rates are slowing with the Delta variant contributing to rising cases and hospitalizations nationwide, it is important to understand the concerns of those parents who remain hesitant to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. In our 49th and 56th reports, we found that young mothers, Republican parents, parents making less than $25,000 per year, and parents without a college degree were among the most resistant to vaccinating their children before the vaccine was available to children ages 12-15. Now that the question is no longer hypothetical for respondents with children over age 12, it is worth examining continuing sources of vaccine hesitancy and resistance among parents. What are parents’ top concerns about COVID-19 vaccinations for their children? Do these concerns vary based on a parent’s partisanship, gender, age, race, income, education, or place of residence?In our June 2021 survey, we asked parents to rate the following considerations as a major concern, minor concern, or not a concern when thinking about their children receiving a COVID-19 vaccine: how new the vaccine is, whether the vaccine has been tested enough, whether the vaccine actually works, immediate side effects (e.g., fever, nausea), long-term health effects, health effects specific to girls or women, health effects specific to boys or men, religious objections, whether the vaccine companies want to harm people, and whether the government is using the vaccine to harm people. In this report, we examine the most prevalent major concerns for parents by demographic groups to better understand the various sources of vaccine hesitancy among parents.

scholarly journals Parental Online Information Access and Childhood Vaccination Decisions in North America: Scoping Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ashfield ◽  
Lorie Donelle
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Online Health Information ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Vaccine Information

BACKGROUND Immunizing children throughout their early years prevents the spread of communicable disease and decreases the morbidity and mortality associated with many vaccine-preventable diseases. Searching online allows individuals rapid access to health information. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to develop an understanding of the existing literature of parents’ online health information-seeking behaviors to inform their vaccination choices for their children and to identify gaps in the literature around parents’ use of online health information and their vaccination choices. METHODS A scoping review of peer-reviewed literature from Canada and the United States was performed. The following databases were utilized to perform the search: PubMed, CINAHL, Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database, Scopus, and PsycINFO. The purpose of this review was to examine parents’ use of online information seeking related to vaccine information and to understand how parents utilize this information to inform decisions about vaccinating their children. Of the 34 papers included in the review, 4 relevant themes and subthemes were identified: information seeking, online information resources, online vaccine content, and trust in health care providers. RESULTS Examination of the literature revealed conflicting information regarding parents’ use of social media and online resources to inform decisions around vaccinating their children. There is evidence of significant misinformation regarding vaccine risks online. Parents’ digital health literacy levels are unknown and may affect their ability to appraise online vaccination information. CONCLUSIONS Parents are seeking vaccine information from online sources. However, the influence of online vaccine information on parental vaccine practices remains uncertain.

scholarly journals Research on the Coverage of the Belt and Road Initiative and a Community with Shared Future for Mankind by Mainstream Media in the United States——Taking the three major mainstream media in the United States as an example

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Congjuan Yu ◽  
Jing Yan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Wall Street Journal ◽  
The Belt And Road

Since China put forward the Belt and Road Initiative and a community with shared future for mankind, mainstream media in the United States such as The Washington Post, The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal have given continuous reports. As the world’s superpower, the United States has a developed media system and a wide range of influence. The study extracted 173 valid texts from May 2015 to March 2020, among which only 5 reports were on a community with shared future for mankind. American media mainly reported from five aspects including economy, politics, cultural, security and environment, although there is no lack of certain sounds, there was more negative reports. It can provide a reference basis for our accurate response and creating a positive international public opinion environment that grasping the reporting trends on the Belt and Road Initiative and a community with shared future for mankind accurately.

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