A Participatory, State–Community–Academic Model to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes in Texas: The Healthy Families Initiative

2020 ◽  
pp. 109019812097715
Author(s):  
Divya A. Patel ◽  
Meliha Salahuddin ◽  
Melissa Valerio ◽  
Nagla Elerian ◽  
Krystin J. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Community Factors

Background While the Texas infant mortality rate (IMR) is below the Healthy People 2020 objective (5.7 per 1,000 live births), stark differences in IMR are seen across Texas communities. Health indicators for the state suggest important missed opportunities for improving maternal and infant outcomes. The Healthy Families initiative was a collaboration between a Texas state agency, community partners, and academic institutions to understand how evidence-based interventions could be identified, adapted, and implemented to address community priorities and reduce disparities in pregnancy outcomes. Method The Healthy Families initiative included two Texas counties, one with low utilization of prenatal care and one with persistent disparities in infant mortality. The model served to (1) identify community factors influencing IMR and maternal morbidity through stakeholder engagement and secondary data, (2) build community capacity to link pregnant women with existing and newly developed services, and (3) develop partnerships within the community and clinics to improve access to and sustainability of services. Results A community-based participatory approach focused on stakeholder engagement was used to identify, design, and adapt strategies to address community-identified priorities. Conclusions The Healthy Families initiative is a unique state–community–academic partnership aimed at improving pregnancy outcomes in vulnerable communities, with a focus on promotion of capacity building, maintenance, and sustainability of maternal and infant health programs.

Deaths in children under one year old at a health district

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Sandra Trindade Low ◽  
Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo ◽  
Thacia Bezerra Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Paula de Souza Tenório ◽  
Daniela Angélica Calado Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Health District ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACTObjective: to characterize the deaths in children under one year in the Health District VI (HD VI) from Recife, in 2006 and 2007 years. Methods: this is a retrospective descriptive exploratory study, performed with secondary data of all deaths in children under one year of DSVI through the following sources: Declaration of death, Mortality Information System, Information System on Born Alive and Confidential Research Card Death in Less Than 1 Year, analyzed by statistical descriptive information into tables, using simple frequency and absolute number. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee and Research from Integrated Health Center Amaury de Medeiros (CAAE 088/08/08-0086.0.250.000-). Results: the infant mortality rate of HD VI was 68 in 2006 and 60 in 2007 with the fall in Infant Mortality Coefficient of 11.4 to 10,8. In neonatal component, there was a decrease of 8.4 to 6,7. The post-neonatal mortality was increased by 3.0 to 4.1. The main underlying cause of death identified corresponded to perinatal damage with 54,69%, calling attention to the low socio-economic levels, maternal prematurity, Apgar score less than 7 and low weight at birth. Conclusions: the neonatal mortality is still deserves special attention from health services, however, the increase observed in post-neonatal component suggests environmental and socio-economic conditions unfavorable. Descriptors: infant mortality; children’s health; basic health indicators; nursing. RESUMOObjetivo: caracterizar os óbitos em menores de um ano no Distrito Sanitário VI (DS VI) da cidade do Recife, nos anos de 2006 e 2007. Métodos: estudo Exploratório descritivo retrospectivo com dados secundários de todos os óbitos em menores de um ano do DSVI através das seguintes fontes: Declaração de óbito, Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos e Ficha Confidencial de Investigação de Óbito em Menor de um Ano, analisados através de estatística descritiva com informações em tabelas, utilizando-se frequência simples e número absoluto. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa do Centro Integrado de Saúde Amaury de Medeiros (088/08/CAAE - 0086.0.250.000-08). Resultados: a mortalidade infantil do DS VI foi de 68 em 2006 e 60 em 2007 com queda do Coeficiente de Mortalidade Infantil de 11,4 para 10,8. No componente neonatal, verificou-se um decréscimo do coeficiente de 8,4 para 6,7, Já o pós-neonatal, sofreu um aumento de 3,0 para 4,1. A principal causa básica de morte identificada correspondeu às afecções perinatais com 54,69%, chamando atenção aos baixos níveis sócio-econômicos maternos, prematuridade, Apgar menor que 7 e baixo peso ao nascer. Conclusões: A mortalidade neonatal continua merecendo atenção especial dos serviços de saúde, todavia, o acréscimo verificado no componente pós-neonatal sugere condições ambientais e sócio-econômicas desfavoráveis. Descritores: mortalidade infantil; saúde da criança; indicadores básicos de saúde, enfermagem. RESUMENObjetivo: caracterizar las muertes en niños menores de un año en el VI Distrito de Salud (DS VI) de la ciudad de Recife, en los años 2006 y 2007. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio descriptivo retrospectivo con datos secundarios de todas las muertes en niños menores de un año del DSVI a través de las siguientes fuentes: El Declaración de la Muerte, Sistema de la Información sobre Mortalidad, el Sistema de Informaciónes sobre nacidos vivos y La Ficha Confidencial de la Investigación confidencial de la muerte en niños menores de un 1 año, analizados por estadística descriptiva con la información en tablas, con frecuencia simple y el número absoluto. Este estudio fue aprobado por la Ética y el Centro de Investigación de Salud Integral Amaury de Medeiros (088/08/CAAE - 0086.0.250.000-08). Resultados: la mortalidad DS VI fue de 68 en 2006 y 60 en 2007 con la caída de la tasa de mortalidad infantil de 11,4 a 10,8. En el componente neonatal, hubo una disminución en el coeficiente de 8,4 a 6,7. En la mortalidad post-neonatal se incrementó en 3,0 a 4,1. La principal causa subyacente de muerte identificada, correspondió a afecciones perinatales con el 54,69%, llamando la atención sobre el bajo nivel socio-económico, prematuridad materna, puntuación de Apgar por debajo de 7 y el bajo peso al nacer. Conclusiones: La mortalidad neonatal sigue mereciendo una atención especial de los servicios de salud, sin embargo, el aumento observado en el período post-neonatal sugiere que las condiciones ambientales y socio-económicas son desfavorables. Descriptores: mortalidad infantil; salud del niño; indicadores básicos de la salud; enfermería. 

scholarly journals Smoke-free legislation and neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil: longitudinal quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-054923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hone ◽  
Andre Salem Szklo ◽  
Filippos T Filippidis ◽  
Anthony A Laverty ◽  
Isabela Sattamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of partial and comprehensive smoke-free legislation with neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil using a quasi-experimental study design.DesignMonthly longitudinal (panel) ecological study from January 2000 to December 2016.SettingAll Brazilian municipalities (n=5565).ParticipantsInfant populations.InterventionSmoke-free legislation in effect in each municipality and month. Legislation was encoded as basic (allowing smoking areas), partial (segregated smoking rooms) or comprehensive (no smoking in public buildings). Associations were quantified by immediate step and longer term slope/trend changes in outcomes.Statistical analysesMunicipal-level linear fixed-effects regression models.Main outcomes measuresInfant and neonatal mortality.ResultsImplementation of partial smoke-free legislation was associated with a −3.3 % (95% CI −6.2% to −0.4%) step reduction in the municipal infant mortality rate, but no step change in neonatal mortality. Comprehensive smoke-free legislation implementation was associated with −5.2 % (95% CI −8.3% to −2.1%) and −3.4 % (95% CI −6.7% to −0.1%) step reductions in infant and neonatal mortality, respectively, and a −0.36 (95% CI −0.66 to−0.06) annual decline in the infant mortality rate. We estimated that had all smoke-free legislation introduced since 2004 been comprehensive, an additional 10 091 infant deaths (95% CI 1196 to 21 761) could have been averted.ConclusionsStrengthening smoke-free legislation in Brazil is associated with improvements in infant health outcomes—particularly under comprehensive legislation. Governments should accelerate implementation of comprehensive smoke-free legislation to protect infant health and achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal three.

Improving Prenatal Health

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Guadagno ◽  
Michael Mackert ◽  
Aaron Rochlen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Prenatal Health ◽  
In Pregnancy

The U.S. infant mortality rate is among the highest in the developed world, with recent vital statistics reports estimating 6.14 infant deaths per 1,000 live births. Traditional health education and promotion to improve maternal, infant, and child health in the United States has focused only on women, leaving men out of important health messages that may affect pregnancy outcomes as well as family well-being. Recently, public health scholars have suggested that men be included in prenatal health education in an effort to improve birth outcomes and reduce infant mortality. Incorporating men in prenatal health promotion and education has been found to improve overall birth preparedness, reduce the risk of maternal–infant HIV transmission, and reduce perinatal mortality in less-developed nations. Although these results are positive, research on paternal impact in pregnancy outcomes in the United States to date is lacking. This article proposes a U.S.-specific research agenda to understand the current role of men in pregnancy health, as well as actual involvement, barriers, and the influence men can have in prenatal health. A discussion of culture, individual motivations, health care providers, and social marketing is also considered.

scholarly journals Gambaran Karakteristik Ibu Hamil pada Persalinan Preterm di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verdani Leoni Edrin ◽  
Ariadi Ariadi ◽  
Lili Irawati
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Risk Parity ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Antenatal Visits

AbstrakAngka kematian bayi di Indonesia menurut Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2002-2003 sebanyak 57% terjadi pada umur dibawah 1 bulan. Persalinan preterm merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik ibu hamil pada persalinan preterm di RS. Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2012. Ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan mengambil data bulan Januari - Desember 2012. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang melahirkan preterm sebanyak 72 orang. Sampel yang digunakan adalah total populasi. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data sekunder. Alat ukur dalam penelitian ini adalah checklist dengan melihat catatan rekam medik pasien, analisis yang di gunakan adalah univariat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan persalinan preterm yang terbanyak adalah ibu hamil berusia 20-35 tahun (65,28%), paritas risiko tinggi (55,56%), jarak persalinan <2 tahun (61,11%), memiliki pendidikan tinggi (80,56%), mengalami anemia (76,39%), dan tidak melakukan kunjungan antenatal dengan lengkap (72,22%). Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa persalinan preterm dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia, paritas, jarak persalinan, pendidikan, anemia dan tingkat kunjungan antenatal.Kata kunci: persalinan preterm, karakteristik ibu hamil, faktor risiko persalinan pretermAbstractIndonesia infant mortality rate in Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2002 – 2003 occurs in as many as 57% under the age of 1 month. Preterm labor is one of the causes of infant mortality. The purpose of this study was to know the characteristic of pregnant women in preterm labor at Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital in 2012. This research used a descriptive method based on the data from January to December 2012. The population in this study were all of mother who delivered preterm were 72 people. The sample that had been used was the total value of population. The data that had been gathered was a secondary data. Checklist was used as a measuring intrument based on the medical record of the patient. Univariate was used as an analytical approach. The result shows that most preterm delivery are pregnant women aged 20 – 35 years (65,28%), high risk parity (55,56%), birth spacing <2 years (61,11%), have a high education (80,56%), some of them are anemic (76,39%), and no complete antenatal visits (72,22%). Conclusion from this study is that preterm labor may be influenced by factors of age, parity, birth spacing, education, anemia, and levels of antenatal visits. Keywords : preterm labor, characteristics of pregnant women, preterm labor risk factor

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTOR AFFECTING INFANT MORTALITY RATE (IMR) IN EAST JAVA USING MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Weike Retno Palupi ◽  
Lailatul Khusnul Rizki
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Government

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is one of the important indicators in public health. Indonesia still has a relatively high IMR compared to the neighboring countries. Based on the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) in 2012, IMR in East Java reached 25.50 deaths per 1000 births. IMR decline occurred during 2012 to 2015. Achievement depends on the factors that influence it. This study aims to create a model of IMR based on maternal and external factors in East Java. The method used was a non-reactive study using 38 districts/cities as sample units in East Java, which came from Central Bureau of Statistics secondary data in 2015. Statistical analysis used multiple linear regression. The results showed the independent variables together affected the IMR (p-value = 0,000 <0.05), but partially influenced by the age of the first married mother (p-value = 0,000 <0.05) and the helper delivery of non-medical personnel (p-value = 0.014 <0.05). The conclusion of this study is the regression equation model for IMR in East Java in 2015, which is IMR = 1,064 + 1,319 * (age of first marriage) + 0.439 * (helper of non-medical births). Suggestions for the Government of East Java Province to implement strategies so that infant mortality cases can be reduced.

Does population health influence FDI inflows into Ghana?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Immurana
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Under Five

PurposeGhana is one of the countries instituting several measures toward attracting more Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows. This is because, FDI is largely viewed as essential to socioeconomic development. However, while population health can influence FDI inflows, it has received very little attention. This study, therefore, investigates empirically, as to focusing on population health could be a useful tool in Ghana’s attempt to attract more FDI inflows.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses time series data on Ghana from 1980 to 2018 to achieve its objective. Life expectancy, death rate, infant mortality rate, under-five mortality rate and incidence of malaria are used as proxies for population health, while the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the Instrumental Variable Two-Stage Least Square (IV2SLS) regressions are employed as empirical estimation techniques.FindingsUsing the OLS regression, except the incidence of malaria, the study finds all the other population health indicators to significantly influence FDI inflows. However, after controlling for endogeneity using the IV2SLS regression, all population health indicators are found to be significant as regards their effects on FDI inflows.Practical implicationsPaying attention to population health could be an effective strategy that can be employed by policymakers in the quest to get more FDI inflows into Ghana.Originality/valueThis study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first study solely devoted to Ghana, which doing so helps in devising country-specific policies with regard to the effect of population health on FDI inflows. Further, this study becomes the first to use death rate, infant mortality rate and under-five mortality rate in examining the effect of population health on FDI inflows. Thus, since there are various causes of deaths, using indicators that capture deaths from all factors helps in giving a much broader picture with regard to the FDI population health nexus. Also, this study is the first to use up to five different population health indicators in examining the effect of population health on FDI inflows, which aids in revealing whether FDI is sensitive to the population health indicator used.

scholarly journals Group Practice of the Transcendental Meditation® and TM-Sidhi® Program and Reductions in Infant Mortality and Drug-Related Death

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401769716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Dillbeck ◽  
Kenneth L. Cavanaugh
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Transcendental Meditation ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Group Practice ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Time Series Regression

These two studies tested the prediction that the group practice of a procedure for the development of consciousness, the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi program, by a sufficiently large group of individuals would be sufficient to reduce collective stress in the larger population, reflected in two stress-related health indicators, infant mortality rate and drug-related fatality rate. Based on theoretical prediction and prior research, from January 2007 through 2010 (intervention period), this effect should have been measurable. Change in the rates of these two indicators during the intervention period were estimated from 2002 through 2010 data using a broken-trend (or segmented trend) intervention model with time series regression methods. Significant changes in trend for both the infant mortality rate and drug-related fatality rate were evident at the predicted time and in the predicted direction, controlling for preintervention trends, seasonality, and autocorrelation. The changes in trend were both statistically and practically significant, indicating an average annual decline of 3.12% in infant mortality rate and 7.61% in drug-related fatality rate. Diagnostic tests are satisfactory and indicate that it is unlikely that the statistical results are attributable to spurious regression. The mechanism for these collective effects is discussed in view of possible alternative hypotheses.

scholarly journals Analisis Angka Harapan Hidup di Jawa Timur Tahun 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Lina Septi Danasari ◽  
Arief Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Government

Life expectancy is one of the indicators to calculate the Human Development Index (HDI) which determined by infants’ health, toddlers’ health, frequency of liveborn children and death rate in the community. East Java Province has four dominant cultural areas such as Mataraman including the western part of the border of Central Java to Kediri, Madura including Bangkalan to Pamekasan, Arek including north coast of Surabaya to Malang and Tapal Kuda including Pasuruan, Probolinggo, Situbondo, Bondowoso, Lumajang and Jember. Those four cultural areas have different characteristic that can affect public health status especially life expectancy in East Java Province. The analysis aimed to know the correlation between infant mortality rate and life expectancy and to know the differences of life expectancy among four cultural areas in East Java year 2015. This analysis used secondary data obtained from Central Bureau of Statistic of East Java on May, 2017. The data were life expectancy as dependent variable, infant mortality rate as independent variable and cultural areas in East Java as grouping variables. The result showed that there was correlation between infant mortality rate with life expectancy (p=0.000) and there was different in life expectancy among four cultural areas in East Java year 2015 (p=0.000) such as cultural areas Mataraman-Madura, Mataraman-Tapal Kuda and Arek-Tapal Kuda. It suggested the government to continue improving the socio-economic welfare of the community and public health improvement in the Tapal Kuda area which had high infant mortality rate and low life expectancy.

scholarly journals Association of maternal and child health related variables with decline in infant mortality rate in Punjab, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4558
Author(s):  
Harjot Kaur ◽  
Tarundeep Singh ◽  
PVM Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Children Ever Born ◽  
And Child Health

Background: Infant mortality rate (IMR) is a sensitive indicator for monitoring child health and survival. Punjab state in North India is performing better than most of the other states in various health indicators. Punjab’s IMR has shown a rapid decline from 38/1000 live births in 2008 (Sample registration system (SRS) 2008) to 24/1000 live births in 2014 (SRS 2014). This study was planned to assess which of the maternal and child health services is associated with rapid decline in infant mortality rate. Methods: Association between various components of prenatal care, intranatal care and postnatal care, and child healthcare and socio demographic variables (taken from secondary data of District Level Household Surveys) and Infant Mortality Rate (taken from SRS) of Punjab was studied. Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated to measure the association between the variables. Results: Total fertility rate (TFR), women who had institutional deliveries, safe deliveries and mean children ever born are statistically significantly associated with decline in infant mortality rate. Conclusions: In Punjab, maternal and child health indicators are directly or indirectly associated with decline in infant mortality rate. Findings of the study demonstrate that the recent rapid decline in IMR of Punjab is strongly associated with increase in institutional deliveries and decline in TFR and the mean number of children ever born. 

scholarly journals Evolution of Infant Mortality in Ecuador: A Spatial Analysis From 2010 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Lalangui Vivanco ◽  
Karina Rivadeneira Maya ◽  
Christian Sánchez-Carrillo ◽  
Gersain Sosa Cortéz ◽  
Emmanuelle Quentin
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
One Year ◽  
Health Situation

Abstract The health situation of children is fundamental for the big picture of public health in a country. Particularly, the death of children under one year of age, calculated through the infant mortality rate is still a key indicator, especially in Latin America where the overall rate has been constantly decreasing down to 13.9 infant deaths per 1000 live births. But this global figure encompasses geographical and temporal disparities within the same country. This is why it is interesting to analyze this evolution through a geomatic method of spatial prioritization. By combining hotspots detection (Local Indicators of Spatial Association, LISA) and time trend over 20 years (Mann-Kendall) at municipal level data from Ecuador, a country with infant mortality similar to the regional average, we obtain the most critical townships that should receive special attention with respect to maternal and infant health.

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