Law Enforcement Activities of Philadelphia’s Group Violence Intervention: An Examination of Arrest, Case Processing, and Probation Levers

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-261
Author(s):  
Caterina G. Roman ◽  
Megan Forney ◽  
Jordan M. Hyatt ◽  
Hannah J. Klein ◽  
Nathan W. Link
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Violence Intervention ◽  
Focused Deterrence ◽  
Group Violence ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Law ◽  
Positive Impacts

The number of jurisdictions implementing focused deterrence strategies targeted at gangs continues unabated. Although recent research suggests positive impacts of the strategy on reductions in gun violence, little is known about the particular mechanisms operating behind the strategy. This article provides a descriptive analysis of the law enforcement activities or levers undertaken after enforcement operations in Philadelphia as a part of the focused deterrence strategy. The article quantifies the execution of levers related to arrest, case processing, and probation sanctioning during enforcement activities after shootings. The results show that Philadelphia achieved success in implementing the enforcement levers as intended, and there was little evidence that arrest practices were overly aggressive. The authors suggest that future evaluations seek to carefully document the wide array of levers used in concert with an assessment of community understanding of and reactions to the strategy as well as an examination of reactions of group members targeted.

scholarly journals Penegakan Hukum Oleh Polri Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencurian Sepeda Motor Dengan Pemberatan (Studi di Polrestabes Medan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 398-410
Author(s):  
Jaya Syah Putra ◽  
Rizkan Zulyadi ◽  
M.Citra Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
The Law ◽  
National Police

The purpose of this study was to analyze law enforcement efforts, obstacles and prevention of criminal acts of theft by POLRI against perpetrators of the crime of motorcycle theft with weights in the jurisdiction of Medan Police. This type of research is directed to normative juridical law research. The nature of the research is descriptive analysis of the law enforcement by the Indonesian National Police against the perpetrators of the crime of theft. The results showed that law enforcement efforts were carried out, after the personnel received a complaint report from the victim regarding the occurrence of theft with weighting proceed to the stage of investigation and investigation, against the perpetrators of theft with the weight of a motorcycle subject to Article 363 of the Criminal Code with a maximum penalty of 9 years imprisonment depending on the the method used by the perpetrator to commit theft by weight. Barrier factors include the identity of the perpetrator is not clear, the perpetrator does not have an ID card, the perpetrator does not admit his actions, there are no witnesses at the crime scene. The perpetrator lost evidence, the victim did not want to report it to the police, there were no supporting witnesses. Countermeasures include carrying out preventive measures by carrying out patrols in suspected places, conducting socialization and community approaches in order to create synergistic coordination and cooperation in creating security. Repressive efforts by increasing efforts to take action against perpetrators of theft by weighting motorbikes by providing strict sanctions and having a deterrent effect on perpetrators and providing guidance to the community to comply with the law.

scholarly journals Social Media and the Variable Impact of Violence Reduction Interventions: Re-Examining Focused Deterrence in Philadelphia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Hyatt ◽  
James A. Densley ◽  
Caterina G. Roman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Focused Deterrence ◽  
Matched Comparison ◽  
Variable Impact

Focused deterrence is a gang violence reduction strategy that relies on a unique mix of strong enforcement messages from law enforcement and judicial officials coupled with the promise of additional services. At the heart of the intervention is a coordinated effort to communicate the costs and consequences of gun violence to identified gang members during face-to-face meetings and additional community messaging. In Philadelphia, focused deterrence was implemented between 2013 and 2016, and although an impact evaluation showed a significant decrease in shootings in targeted areas relative to matched comparison neighborhoods, the effect on targeted gangs was not universal, with some exhibiting no change or an increase in gun-related activity. Here, we employ data on group-level social media usage and content to examine the correlations with gun violence. We find that several factors, including the nature of social media activity by the gang (e.g., extent of activity and who is engaging), are associated with increases in the average rate of gang-attributable shootings during the evaluation period, while content-specific variables (e.g., direct threats towards rivals and law enforcement) were not associated with increases in shootings. Implications for violence reduction policy, including the implementation of focused deterrence, are discussed.

scholarly journals Implementation and perceived effectiveness of gun violence restraining orders in California: A qualitative evaluation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258547
Author(s):  
Veronica A. Pear ◽  
Julia P. Schleimer ◽  
Elizabeth Tomsich ◽  
Rocco Pallin ◽  
Amanda Charbonneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Restraining Orders ◽  
The Law

Background Uptake of gun violence restraining orders (GVROs), which temporarily prohibit the possession and purchase of firearms and ammunition from individuals at particularly high risk of harming themselves or others with a firearm, has been slow and heterogenous across California. Insights into the implementation process and perceived effectiveness of the law could guide implementation in California and the many states that have enacted or are considering enacting such a law. Methods We conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with 27 key informants, including judges, law enforcement officers, city and district attorneys, policy experts, and firearm violence researchers. Analysis of transcripts was guided by grounded theory and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Findings The following constructs emerged within 4 CFIR domains as salient features of implementation: 1) implementation characteristics: risk of violence, cost, and adaptability; 2) outer setting: interagency coordination and local firearm ideology; 3) inner setting: readiness for implementation and law enforcement firearm culture; and 4) implementation process: planning and engaging with those involved in implementation. Key informants perceived the law to be effective, particularly for preventing firearm suicide, but agreed that more research was needed. While most indicated that the law resulted in positive outcomes, concerns about the potential for class- and race-based inequities were also raised. Conclusions Implementation of the GVRO law in California was hampered by a lack of funding to support local proactive implementation efforts. This resulted in ad hoc policies and procedures, leading to inconsistent practices and widespread confusion among those responsible for implementation. In states that have not begun implementation, we recommend dedicating funding for implementation and creating local procedures statewide prior to the law’s rollout. In California, recommendations include providing training on the GVRO law—including an explication of agency-specific roles, responsibilities, and procedures—to officers, city attorneys, and civil court judges.

scholarly journals Pendekatan dalam Penanganan Sengketa Pilkada Menunjang Kinerja Kepolisian dalam Pelaksanaan Tugas Sebagai Pelindung, Pengayom dan Pelayan Masyarakat

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
husain kasim
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
The Law

This study aims to: 1) knowing the basic law enforcement restorative justice approach in handling criminal acts riots, 2) to know how to implement a restorative justice approach and the factors that influenceThe experiment was conducted at the Police Resort Ternate, North Maluku province, with a population of security officers who work directly handling and protection against acts of mass violence with less sampling as many as 50 people through random sampling techniques. Data were collected by questionnaire and interview techniques. Data analysis was performed using qualitative descriptive analysis and interpretation.The results showed that: 1) The perpetrator of criminal acts of rioting should be avoided from the formal criminal justice system. The best solution that must be done is through the act of diversion (transfer) the completion of its case outside the criminal justice system, but there is no definite legal basis for implementing diversion measures in addition to referring to the Law 2 of 2002, which only specifies that police officers have the authority of police discretion. 2) Treatment of the criminal action in a dispute over the election unrest in North Maluku, which was held on Sat. Criminal Police Ternate is through mediation. This means that the principle of restorative justice has been implemented on Sat. Criminal Police Ternate, however, efforts to address criminal acts there are influences from the substance of the law, law enforcement officers, legal culture of society and their own community.

scholarly journals The Dispute Settlement Model of Regional Head Election Perspective Theory of Legal System in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedi Mulyadi ◽  
Tanti Kirana Utami
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Law System ◽  
Perspective Theory ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Electoral Law

The effectiveness of law enforcement depends on three law aspects; those are the structure of law, the substance of the law, and legal culture. Law structure is about the law enforcers, law substance is about the legislative means, and law culture is about a living law adopted by society. This study defines the background of simultaneous regional head elections in Indonesia, the problems of the simultaneous regional head elections in Indonesia, and the implementation of legal system theory to solve the simultaneous regional head election problems in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with the specification of descriptive analysis research. The result of the research is needed permanent law structures that cover (Election Police, Election Prosecutor, Election lawyer, and Election Jury), the law substance through the issuing of general regulations (lex general) which can integrate the Laws of Legislative, Presidential, and Regional Head Elections (lex specialist) and the legal culture of society as human behavior (including the legal culture of law enforcement officers) on the electoral law and law system that are in force at the moment.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE SEBAGAI MODEL PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP ANAK (Studi Penanganan Perkara Anak Berhadapan Dengan Hukum pada Wilayah Hukum Pengadilan Negeri Dumai Kelas IA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-335
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sacral Ritonga ◽  
Mahmud Mulyadi ◽  
Mustamam Mustamam
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
District Court ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Formal Process ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
The Law

The completion of the ABH case through the implementation of diversion was carried out using a restorative justice approach, requiring the consent of the victim and / or the family of the victim's child and the child's willingness. Thus, it is understood that the settlement of ABH cases cannot always be implemented diversion.The problems in this study, concerning the concept of restorative justice in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Child Criminal Justice System, and regarding the concept of restorative justice as an effort to provide protection for children who are faced with the law, and factors that become obstacles and solutions in implementing restorative justice in the Legal Area of the Class IA District Court of Dumai.This research is empirical juridical research, by conducting research at law enforcement agencies / institutions in the Dumai State IA Class law, concerning the implementation of restorative justice in the Legal Area of the Class IA District Court of Dumai. This research is descriptive analysis, using primary and secondary sources. Data analysis used in this study is qualitative data analysis.Based on the results of the research, the concept of restorative justice in the SPPA Act was implemented through the application of Diversion at every level of the juvenile justice process. Diversion is the transfer of settlement of child cases dealing with the law from the formal process (judicial process) to the formal process, by means of deliberation and consensus which prioritizes restorative justice. The concept of restorative justice will provide protection for ABH, because through the implementation of child diversification it will be kept away from the formal justice process which allows the neglect of children's rights and traumatizes children. The obstacle in the implementation of restorative justice in the legal court area of the IA Dumai class is still a lack of human resources law enforcement officers. Supporting facilities and infrastructures are still very minimal. There is still a lack of socialization to the community.

Running a Case

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Poulami Roychowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Legal Procedure ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Law Enforcement Personnel ◽  
The Law

By incentivizing the law and by incorporating women into the daily work of regulation brokers and law enforcement personnel encouraged women to “run cases.” Chapter 8 details the practice of “running a case” and the specific capabilities it engendered. First, to “run a case,” women had to risk estrangement, not only from intimate partners and in-laws but also from agnatic kin. Second, they had to confront and work with law enforcement: courageously demonstrating their organized connections, overcoming insults and neglect, and resolutely pursuing rights despite delays. Third, they had to learn to do the state’s work: either completing case-processing duties or finding a way to acquire a semblance of rights outside formal legal procedure.

scholarly journals Characteristics of officer-involved vehicle collisions in California

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott E. Wolfe ◽  
Jeff Rojek ◽  
Geoff Alpert ◽  
Hope M. Tiesman ◽  
Stephen M. James
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
The Law ◽  
Injury Outcomes ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the situational and individual officer characteristics of officer-involved vehicle collisions that result in fatality, injury, and non-injury outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – Data on 35,840 vehicle collisions involving law enforcement officers in California occurring between January 2000 and December 2009 are examined. A descriptive analysis of collision characteristics is presented. Findings – There were 39 officers killed by collisions over this study period and 7,684 officers who received some type injury. Incidents involving officers on motorcycles represented 39 percent of officer fatalities and 39 percent of severe injuries. In the case of fatalities, 33 percent of officers were reported as wearing seatbelts, 38 percent were not wearing a seatbelt, and seatbelt use was not stated in 29 percent of car fatalities. Research limitations/implications – The findings only represent one state and the analysis is based on an estimated 86 percent of collisions that occurred during the study period due to missing data. Nonetheless, the results are based on a robust sample and address key limitations in the existing literature. Practical implications – During the study period in California the estimated financial impact of collisions reached into the hundreds of millions of dollars when considering related fatality, injury, and vehicle damage costs combined. These impacts highlight the need for the law enforcement community to give greater attention to this issue. Originality/value – At the time of this writing there was no published independent research that compares the situational and officer characteristics across fatality, injury, and non-injury outcomes in these events. The findings reported here will help inform emerging interest in this issue within the law enforcement, academic, and policy-making communities.

scholarly journals The Urgency of Environment Special Court to Enforce Environment Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 01062
Author(s):  
Aju Putrijanti
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Environmental Disputes ◽  
The Law ◽  
Special Environment

The massive damage to the environment brings loss for society. Meanwhile, development is essential. Act Number 32 the Year 2009 of Protection and Management of Environment regulates the law enforcement in private, penal and administrative law. Law enforcement in environmental cases, some are difficult to implement. This is legal research that uses the secondary data of journals, regulations, judge verdicts, and explanations to use descriptive analysis. Law enforcement is influenced by the environmental system of law consist of structure, substance and culture of law. The environment disputes file to general and administrative court with special regulations because it has to be held in line with other cases and takes more time to proceed. Law enforcement of judge verdict in environment disputes is difficult to implement, because the losing party disobedience to apply. The disobedience factor influences conservation and protection, which is needed by the society affects environmental damage, making regulation of sanctions given to losing party are less power. The high number of environmental disputes needs special environment courts to investigate faster, so there will be a mechanism to supervise law enforcement. Environment special court will only investigate environment disputes and does not interrupt with other cases, and it is expected that the judge will process it immediately.

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