Development of open-source software for free-hand 3D vascular ultrasound: Dialysis fistula application

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110553
Author(s):  
William F Weitzel ◽  
Nirmala Rajaram ◽  
Yihao Zheng ◽  
Miguel Angel Funes-Lora ◽  
James Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
3D Image ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
3D Image Reconstruction ◽  
Freehand Ultrasound ◽  
Dialysis Fistula ◽  
2D Ultrasound

Background: The arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for End Stage Renal Disease, having superior patency and lower infection risks than prosthetic graft and catheter access. When AVF dysfunction or delayed maturation does occur, the gold standard for diagnosis is the fistula angiogram (a.k.a. fistulogram). 3D ultrasound is available for obstetrical and other specialized uses, but it is cost prohibitive and has a field of view that is too small to cover the region of interest for the dialysis fistula application. We sought to develop a point of care 3D solution using freehand 2D ultrasound data acquisition. Methods: We developed open-source software for 3D image reconstruction and projection of an angiogram-like image of the vascular access using a 2D freehand ultrasound scanner. We evaluated this software by comparing the ultrasound “sono-angiogram” images to fistulogram images in five subjects, using visual inspection and by applying the Percent of Exact Match (PEM) as a statistic test. Results: The sono-angiograms showed identifiable characteristics that matched the fistulogram results in all five subjects. The PEM ranged between 42.8% and 77.0%, with Doppler and grayscale ultrasound data, showing complementary advantages and disadvantages when used for sono-angiogram image construction. Motion from freehand ultrasound acquisition was a significant source of mismatch. 3D image generation is a potential advantage with ultrasound data. Conclusions: While further work is needed to improve the accuracy with free hand scanning, fistulogram-like “sono-angiograms” can be generated using point of care 2D ultrasound. Methods such as these may be able to assist in point-of-care diagnosis in the future. The software is open-source, and importantly, the ultrasound data used are non-proprietary and available from any standard ultrasound machine. The simplicity and accessibility of this approach warrant further study.

Sono-angiography for dialysis vascular access based on the freehand 2D ultrasound scanning

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110150
Author(s):  
William F Weitzel ◽  
Nirmala Rajaram ◽  
Venkataramu N Krishnamurthy ◽  
James Hamilton ◽  
Brian J Thelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
2D Ultrasound

Introduction: Dialysis vascular access, preferably an autogenous arteriovenous fistula, remains an end stage renal disease (ESRD) patient’s lifeline providing a means of connecting the patient to the dialysis machine. Once an access is created, the current gold standard of care for maintenance of vascular access is angiography and angioplasty to treat stenosis. While point of care 2D ultrasound has been used to detect access problems, we sought to reproduce angiographic results comparable to the gold standard angiogram (fistulogram) using ultrasound data acquired from a conventional 2D ultrasound scanner. Methods: A 2D ultrasound probe was used to acquire a series of cross sectional images of the vascular access including arteriovenous anastomosis of a subject with a radio-cephalic fistula. These 2D B-mode images were used for 3D vessel reconstruction by binary thresholding to categorize vascular versus non-vascular structures followed by standard image segmentation to select the structure representative of dialysis vascular access and morphologic filtering. Image processing was done using open source Python Software. Results: The open source software was able to: (1) view the gold standard fistulogram images, (2) reconstruct 2D planar images of the fistula from ultrasound data as viewed from the top, analogous to computerized tomography images, and (3) construct a 2D representation of vascular access similar to the angiogram. Conclusion: We present a simple approach to obtain an angiogram-like representation of the vascular access from readily available, non-proprietary 2D ultrasound data in the point of care setting. While the sono-angiogram is not intended to replace angiography, it may be useful in providing 3D imaging at the point of care in the dialysis unit, outpatient clinic, or for pre-operative planning for interventional procedures. Future work will focus on improving the robustness and quality of the imaging data while preserving the straightforward freehand approach used for ultrasound data acquisition.

Development of Assessment Criteria for Various Open Sources GIS Software Packages

2021 ◽  
pp. 398-412
Author(s):  
Shahriar Shams
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Open Source Gis ◽  
Gis Software

There has been a significant development in the area of free and open source geospatial software. Research has flourished over the decades from vendor-dependent software to open source software where researchers are paying increasing attention to maximize the value of their data. It is often a difficult task to choose particular open source GIS (OGIS) software among a number of emerging OGIS software. It is important to characterise the projects according to some unified criteria. Each software has certain advantages and disadvantages and it is always time consuming to identify exactly which software to select for a specific purpose. This chapter focuses on the assessment criteria enabling developers, researchers, and GIS users to select suitable OGIS software to meet their requirements for analysis and design of geospatial application in multidisciplinary fields. This chapter highlights the importance of assessment criteria, followed by an explanation of each criteria and their significance with examples from existing OGIS software.

Understanding the Development of Free E-Commerce/E-Business Software

2009 ◽  
pp. 603-619
Author(s):  
Walt Scacchi
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Business Software

This study examines the development of open source software supporting e-commerce (EC) or e-business (EB) capabilities. This entails a case study within a virtual organization engaged in an organizational initiative to develop, deploy, and support free/open source software systems for EC or EB services, like those supporting enterprise resource planning. The objective of this study is to identify and characterize the resource-based software product development capabilities that lie at the center of the initiative, rather than the software itself, or the effectiveness of its operation in a business enterprise. By learning what these resources are, and how they are arrayed into product development capabilities, we can provide the knowledge needed to understand what resources are required to realize the potential of free EC and EB software applications. In addition, the resource-based view draws attention to those resources and capabilities that provide potential competitive advantages and disadvantages to the organization in focus.

scholarly journals Nine axes of merit for technosignature searches

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Z. Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
History Of

AbstractIt can be difficult to develop an effective and balanced search strategy in SETI, especially from a funding perspective, given the diverse methodologies and myriad orthogonal proposals for the best technosignatures. Here I propose a framework to compare the relative advantages and disadvantages of various proposed technosignatures based on nine ‘axes of merit’. This framework was first developed at the NASA Technosignatures Workshop in Houston in 2018 and published in that report. I give the definition and rationale behind the nine axes as well as the history of each axis in the SETI and technosignature literature. These axes are then applied to three classes of technosignature searches as an illustration of their use. An open-source software tool is available to allow technosignature researchers to make their own version of the figure.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of QGIS plugins for Web Maps creation

La Granja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-26
Author(s):  
Lia Duarte ◽  
Catarina Queirós ◽  
Ana Cláudia Teodoro
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Gis Software

QGIS is a free and open-source software that allows viewing, editing, and analyzing georeferenced data. It is a Geographic Information System (GIS) software composed by tools that allow to manipulate geographic information and consequently to create maps which help to get a better understanding and organization of geospatial data. Unfortunately, maps created directly in the GIS desktop software are not automatically transferred to a website. This research aimed to compare publishing capabilities in different QGIS plugins to create Web Maps. This study analyzes four QGIS plugins (QGIS2Web, QGIS Cloud, GIS Cloud Publisher and Mappia Publisher), performing a comparison between them, considering their advantages and disadvantages, the free and subscription plans, the tools offered by each plugin and other generic aspects. The four plugins were tested in a specific case study to automatically obtain different Web Maps. This study could help users to choose the most adequate tools to publish Web Maps under QGIS software.

scholarly journals CMS Experience with Adoption of the Community supported DD4hep Toolkit

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 02032
Author(s):  
Carl Vuosalo ◽  
Sunanda Banerjee ◽  
Markus Frank ◽  
Vladimir Ivanchenko ◽  
Sergio Lo Meo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Software Requirements ◽  
Software Framework ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
To Come ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Energy Physics

DD4hep is an open-source software toolkit that provides comprehensive and complete generic detector descriptions for high energy physics (HEP) detectors. The Compact Muon Solenoid collaboration (CMS) has recently evaluated and adopted DD4hep to replace its custom detector description software. CMS has demanding software requirements as a very large, longrunning experiment that must support legacy geometries and study many possible upgraded detector designs of a constantly evolving detector that will be taking data for many years to come. CMS has chosen DD4hep since it is a high-quality, community-supported solution that will benefit from continuing modernization and maintenance. This presentation will discuss the issues of DD4hep adoption, the advantages and disadvantages of the various design choices, performance results, and the integration of the plugin systems from CMS and Gaudi, another open-source software framework. Recommendations about DD4hep based upon the CMS use cases will also be presented.

Development of Assessment Criteria for Various Open Sources GIS Software Packages

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Shahriar Shams
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Open Source Gis ◽  
Gis Software

There has been a significant development in the area of free and open source geospatial software. Research has flourished over the decades from vendor-dependent software to open source software where researchers are paying increasing attention to maximize the value of their data. It is often a difficult task to choose particular open source GIS (OGIS) software among a number of emerging OGIS software. It is important to characterise the projects according to some unified criteria. Each software has certain advantages and disadvantages and it is always time consuming to identify exactly which software to select for a specific purpose. This chapter focuses on the assessment criteria enabling developers, researchers, and GIS users to select suitable OGIS software to meet their requirements for analysis and design of geospatial application in multidisciplinary fields. This chapter highlights the importance of assessment criteria, followed by an explanation of each criteria and their significance with examples from existing OGIS software.

Understanding the Development of Free E-Commerce/E-Business Software

2011 ◽  
pp. 497-513
Author(s):  
Walt Scacchi
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Business Software

This study examines the development of open source software supporting e-commerce (EC) or e-business (EB) capabilities. This entails a case study within a virtual organization engaged in an organizational initiative to develop, deploy, and support free/open source software systems for EC or EB services, like those supporting enterprise resource planning. The objective of this study is to identify and characterize the resource-based software product development capabilities that lie at the center of the initiative, rather than the software itself, or the effectiveness of its operation in a business enterprise. By learning what these resources are, and how they are arrayed into product development capabilities, we can provide the knowledge needed to understand what resources are required to realize the potential of free EC and EB software applications. In addition, the resource-based view draws attention to those resources and capabilities that provide potential competitive advantages and disadvantages to the organization in focus.

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