scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical Analysis and Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Quality in Roundhill Landfill Vicinity of South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117862211987277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Nyika ◽  
Ednah Onyari
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate

Groundwater is the most reliable resource for consumptive uses worldwide, but it is vulnerable to anthropogenic pollution in this post-industrialization era. Pollution of the resource may result from anthropogenic activities; hence, analysing the effects of leachate on groundwater is imperative. This study assessed the spatial distribution of physicochemical parameters of groundwater in Roundhill landfill vicinity of South Africa and conducted their hydrogeochemical analysis. Water samples were collected from 3 boreholes in the landfill surroundings and analysed for selected physicochemical characteristics. Spatial distribution of these parameters showed dominant pollution by Mn2+, Fe2+, and [Formula: see text], which surpassed prescribed allowable limits of the country in most of the study area. Possibilities of simple dissolution and ion mixing were deduced from the Durov diagram. Magnesium carbonate, sodium chloride, and mixed faces of groundwater were dominant in boreholes 1 to 3, respectively. The dominance of Ca2+, Cl−, Mg2+, and [Formula: see text] ions in some boreholes suggested anthropogenic pollution. Landfill leachate was associated with groundwater pollution in the study area.

scholarly journals Seasonal Dynamics of the Microbial and Physicochemical Characteristics of Streams and Boreholes in Uzuakoli, Eastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Okezie Onyemaechi ◽  
Nwachukwu Ejikeme
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

Water samples from twenty water sources (fifteen boreholes and five streams) in Uzuakoli, Nigeria were collected for the period of 6 months covering the dry and rainy seasons to assess the level of contamination. The Microbiological characteristics including heterotrophic counts, coliform counts and physicochemical parameters includes pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, calcium, potassium, nitrate, magnesium and phosphate were evaluated using standard methods. The total Heterotrophic counts for the borehole during the dry and rainy season were 8.3 x 103 cfu/ ml and 10.8 x 104 cfu/ ml. The Heterotrophic counts for the stream were 12.7 x 104 cfu/ ml and 17.8x 106 cfu/ ml. The frequency of occurrence of the isolates are Staphylococcus aureus 63% in borehole and 85% in streams, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 49% in boreholes and 95% in streams, Proteus sp 52% in boreholes and 97% in streams, Streptococcus sp 46% in boreholes and 53% in streams, Enterobacter aerogenes 33% in boreholes and 63% in streams, Escherichia coli 16% in boreholes and 53% in streams and Salmonella sp no percentage in boreholes and 40% in streams. The result shows a significant difference at (P≤0.05) for the bacterial isolates. The physicochemical parameters of the borehole and stream water samples during the dry and rainy seasons were determined. The temperature ranged from 25oC 32oC; pH ranged from 5.3 8.1; turbidity ranged 0.03 3.23; dissolved oxygen ranged from 3.45–7.40mg/l; biochemical oxygen demand ranged from 1.20–4.32mg/l; chemical oxygen demand ranged from 2.50–5.21mg/l; Calcium ranged from 0.81–5.64mg/l; potassium ranged from 1.01–4.22mg/l; Nitrate ranged from 1.49–4.02mg/l; magnesium ranged from 0.13–2.20mg/l; phosphate ranged from 0.51–2.01mg/l. The water samples were all within the WHO limits apart from sample from Iyi Agbozu that had temperature of 32oC.

scholarly journals The Environmental Impact of Etelebou Flow Station In Surface Water of Gbarain, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Enetimi I. Seiyaboh ◽  
Tariwari C.N Angaye
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
Industrial Sources

Environmental impact of anthropogenic activities from industrial sources, have become a threat to biodiversity. Water samples were collected from rivers around the flow station, and analysed from some physicochemical parameters and hydrocarbon contents. Result of the physicochemistry was reported for: pH (6.58± 0.04 - 6.76±0.01), conductivity (168.30±13.98 - 194.57±3.78 µS/cm), conductivity 8.29±0.04 - 10.66±0.02 NTU, salinity (0.07±0.00 - 0.09± 0.00 mg/l), and Total Solids (83.96±1.49 - 103.66±0.60mg/l). Other elemental analysis includes: sulphates (2.43±0.01 - 4.28 ±0.02 mg/l), nitrates (0.19±0.01 - 0.28±0.01 mg/l), carbonates (1.14±0.07 - 2.06±0.07 mg/l), calcium (8.45±0.10 - 11.70±0.25 mg/l), magnesium (1.14±0.07 - 2.56±0.03 mg/l), and sodium (4.37±0.15 - 5.62±0.03 mg/l). The values of THC and TPH were 0.92±0.08 - 1.51±0.03, and 0.37±0.13 - 0.76±0.07 mg/l respectively. Generally, the result indicated mild level of contamination in terms of Hydrocarbon contents. However, diagnostic data emerging for physicochemistry and some elemental property indicates the water is unfit for consumption. Notwithstanding, the order on contamination were reported as; downstream > midstream > upstream. Therefore this study concludes that there should be frequent monitoring of the recipient water bodies associated with the flow station in order to check anthropogenic activities, and conserve biodiversity.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics of Groundwater from Kumbakonam Taluk of Thanjavur District - Tamilnadu (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
D. Kannan ◽  
S. Nedunchezhian ◽  
Dr. N. Mani
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Drinking Purpose

The aim of present study was to assess the quality of ground water from Kumbakonam region in Thanjavur district, and check its fitness for drinking and other purpose. An eight ground water samples were collected from various parts of Kumbakonam region. The physicochemical parameters such as calcium, magnesium, chloride was determined by titration method, sulphate, nitrate, nitrite were analyzed by spectrophotometric method, pH was determined by pH metric method and other parameters were analyzed by Indian standard method. Physicochemical parameter of ground water samples were compared with standard limits recommended by BIS. The comparative study of ground water to this region, all the collected water samples are not suitable for drinking purpose, because in this region ground water samples had excess of manganese, calcium, magnesium and iron content.

scholarly journals Physicochemical characteristics and green microalgae composition of selected rivers in Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
O. S. Shokunbi ◽  
A. A. Badaru ◽  
T. A. Adesalu
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Green Microalgae ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Ogun State

The river system is the most complex of the freshwater bodies in the world and is prone to pollution especially from anthropogenic activities and the quality of water, as partially determined by physicochemical properties, is very crucial for primary productivity in the aquatic environment. This study determined the physicochemical characteristics and green microalgae of water collected from Majopa, Ogunpa and Uren rivers in Ogun State, Nigeria. Surface water samples were collected from three different rivers using direct collection method into the labelled bottles for physicochemical characteristics determination, culturing and ecological studies. Water samples for ecological studies were fixed in 4% unbuffered formalin while sample for culturing were not fixed but growth stimulated using Bold Basal Medium (BBM) and Blue- Green Medium (BG-11). The physicochemical parameters varied widely with the profile of water sample from Ogunpa River being the most favourable for widest diversity of green microalgae of all three. The pH of the water samples were slightly acidic ranging between 6.3 and 6.5 for the rivers, while the lower dissolved oxygen (2.61-3.01 mg/L) recorded pointed to a stressed environment which probably accounted for lower number of microalgae taxa observed, especially in Majopa River. The ecological studies showed the presence of ten taxa from the division Chlorophyta with nine taxa from Ogunpa River and Scenedesmus sp. being dominant genus across the rivers. The microalgae diversity of the river water was Ogunpa River˃Uren River˃Majopa River. BBM supported growth of the microalgae much better. The physicochemical properties portrayed Majopa and Ogunpa River water as unfit for drinking, while that of Uren River is relatively fit for drinking. It is highly recommended that the microalgae reported therein be further characterised for various possible economic benefits. Keywords: Growth, Microalgae, Nutrient, Ogun State, River, WaterDepth, Geothermal Energy

scholarly journals Ecophysiological and Anthropogenic Determinants of Phytoplankton Community Structure in Streams Receiving Effluents from the Douala-Bassa Industrial Zone

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Beatrice Ambo Fonge ◽  
Pascal Tabi Tabot ◽  
Djouego Sob Charleine ◽  
Fru Queenzabel Mambo ◽  
Lucienne Human
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Community Structure ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Chl A

Physicochemical parameters and plankton community structure of streams flowing through the Douala-Bassa Industrial zone were assessed in seven different sites. Anthropogenic activities, water accessibility and the different industries located along the watercourse were considered in selecting the sites. Four sets of water samples were collected from each site and analysed for phytoplankton community structure, nutrient, Chl a and bacteria. Physicochemical parameters were measured insitu using a multi parameter equipment (HANNA 8289). Water temperature ranged from 25.27 - 26.840 C. The pH of the water samples ranged from 6.33 – 7.50 while Turbidity ranging from zero - 1000 NTU. The Electrical Conductivity was 495.33 - 261.67 µS/cm and Dissolved Oxygen was zero - 1.11 ppm. Chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 1.2 – 48.96µg/l. Total Suspended Solids ranged from 0.15 – 0.88. Phosphate and ammonium concentrations ranged from 1.22 – 12.81µM and 4.29 – 136.48 µM respectively nitrates concentration was 1.15 – 217.09 µM. The number of phytoplankton species varied between the sites with a total of 68 species belonging to 11 Divisions. The Bacillariophytas were the most abundant with 27 species. The Chlorophyta followed with 12 species. The most dominant phytoplankton species were Microcystis sp, Pinnularia gibba and Nitzschia palea. Site 7 was the most diverse site with 70 species. High concentrations of nutrients and the presence of eutrophic species such as the Bacillariophytas and Microcystis suggests pollution and a need to monitor activities carried out along the water course with respect to quantity and quality of wastewater discharged into the stream. The ecosystem was in a eutrophic state with variations in the water quality parameters. This could be attributed to possible untreated effluents incorporated in the ecosystem. It can be concluded from the study that phytoplankton dynamics in the Douala-Bassa Industrial Zone are directly related to ecophysiological and anthropogenic drivers.

scholarly journals Urbanization Impacts the Physicochemical Characteristics and Abundance of Fecal Markers and Bacterial Pathogens in Surface Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianma Yuan ◽  
Kiran Kumar Vadde ◽  
Jonathan D. Tonkin ◽  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Fecal Markers ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization is increasing worldwide and is happening at a rapid rate in China in line with economic development. Urbanization can lead to major changes in freshwater environments through multiple chemical and microbial contaminants. We assessed the impact of urbanization on physicochemical characteristics and microbial loading in canals in Suzhou, a city that has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades. Nine sampling locations covering three urban intensity classes (high, medium and low) in Suzhou were selected for field studies and three locations in Huangshan (natural reserve) were included as pristine control locations. Water samples were collected for physicochemical, microbiological and molecular analyses. Compared to medium and low urbanization sites, there were statistically significant higher levels of nutrients and total and thermotolerant coliforms (or fecal coliforms) in highly urbanized locations. The effect of urbanization was also apparent in the abundances of human-associated fecal markers and bacterial pathogens in water samples from highly urbanized locations. These results correlated well with land use types and anthropogenic activities at the sampling sites. The overall results indicate that urbanization negatively impacts water quality, providing high levels of nutrients and a microbial load that includes fecal markers and pathogens.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals and Physicochemical Parameters Evaluation in the Upper Reaches of Bonny River, Niger Delta, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1341-1348
Author(s):  
J.A. Akankali ◽  
I.C. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

The objectives of the study were to determine distribution of heavy metal contamination in water, sediments and biota (Callinectes amniciola) of the upper reaches of the Bonny Estuary and to determine the impact on physicochemical characteristics of the water body. Sampled was from January to June 2020. The physicochemical parameters of the water varied slightly across the months but were within FEPA/WHO (2003) acceptable limits. Furthermore; the study compared the seasonal variations and determination of Bio-accumulation Factor (BF) of C. amnicola with respect to sediment. The study site is a tidal creek that drains into the main Bonny River channel within Niger Delta, Nigeria. The sampled locations/stations include Trans-Amadi slaughter in Azuabie {N4°81'49.9 and E7°04'63.4}, Okpoka Creek in Abuloma {N4°78'02.43 and E7°06'66.12} and Okirika Jetty {N4°73'70.04 and E7°09'56.93}. Samples of surface water, sediments and swimming crabs were collected from three different stations which were at least 1000 meters apart. The results of this study show that concentrations of the heavy metals (Fe and Zn) were both higher in the three media than the approved limits prescribed by the local regulatory authority. Although Cu was relatively within acceptable limit in the three media. There is therefore the need to control the anthropogenic activities within or around the river. This will help to prevent effluent and solid waste discharges that lead to increase in the concentration of heavy metals in the aquatic environment. Routine monitoring should be encouraged to identify the major sources of heavy metals introduction into the river and their impacts on the aquatic resources.

The Physicochemical Characteristics of Ibiekuma River Ekpoma, Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Crossby Omotoriogun ◽  
Osariyekemwen Osa Uyi ◽  
Ikponmwosa Nathaniel Egbon
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
World Health ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The Ibiekuma River is an important source of livelihood to its catchment. It contributes enormously to research success and living standard of students and staffs of the Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Nigeria. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of anthropogenic activities on the physicochemical properties of Ibiekuma River. Twenty seven water samples were collected at four stations during the study period and analyzed accordingly. The results obtained shows that the physicochemical parameters of the river were in conformity with the World Health Organization (WHO), National Agency for Food, Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) safe limits, except for pH values which ranged from 4.69 to 4.81. The heavy metal concentrations were found to be within the limit of the guidelines prescribed by WHO and NAFDAC. Also, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the concentrations of the physicochemical parameters across the four stations sampled along the Ibiekuma River. Water obtained from Ibiekuma River will be fit for domestic use, only if purified. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jowe.v6i0.5242 J Wet Eco 2012 (6): 01-06

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