scholarly journals Spirometry Abnormalities and Its Associated Factors Among Primary School Children in a Nigerian City

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117955652110018
Author(s):  
Chizalu Ifeyinwa Ndukwu ◽  
Obianuju B Ozoh ◽  
Boni Maxime Ale ◽  
Adaeze C Ayuk ◽  
Jacinta C Elo-Ilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Equations

Background: There is paucity of data on objectively measured lung function abnormalities in Nigerian children using diagnostic testing methods such as spirometry. Such assessments could prompt early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. Methods: This was a cross sectional study among children aged 6 to 12 years in South-Eastern Nigeria. We selected participants from one school using a multistage stratified random sampling technique. A structured respiratory questionnaire was administered to obtain necessary data. The lung functions of the children were measured by spirometry. We used Lower Limits of Normal (LLN) based on GLI reference equations for African-American and mixed ethnicities to define abnormal spirometry. We studied the association between the exposures and lung function using logistic regression/chi-squared tests. Results: A total of 145 children performed acceptable and repeatable tests. There were 73 males (50.3%), mean age of 9.13 years (+1.5) and age range 6 to 12 years. Frequency of respiratory symptoms was cough- 64 (44.1%) and wheeze in 19 (13.1%). Using GLI for African-Americans, fifty-five (37.9%) children had abnormal spirometryobstructive pattern in 40 (27.6%) and restrictive pattern in 15 (10.3%). The two references showed significant differences in interpretation of abnormality (χ2 = 72.86; P < .001). Respiratory symptom-wheeze was an independent determinant of abnormal lung function in this population.(OR = 0.31; 95%CI: 0.10–0.94; P = .04) Conclusion: There is a high burden of respiratory symptoms and abnormal spirometry among these children. The need for objective evaluation of lung function especially for children with respiratory symptoms is evident.

scholarly journals Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms of Petrol Station Attendants in Central and North Jakarta and Its Contributing Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Putri Suci Ramadhany ◽  
Faisal Yunus ◽  
Agus Dwi Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Petrol Station ◽  
Big City

Background: To satisfy growing needs of petrol consumption in big city many new petrol stations has been built. Petrol station attendant is considered to have high risk exposure to dangerous pollutant from motor vehicle emission and petrol fumes, especially while filling up petrol tanks. Combination of those exhaust and petrol fumes is suspected to cause the reduction of lung function. Methods: This research is a cross sectional study in petrol station in Central Jakarta and North Jakarta region between August 2017 and February 2018. A total of 97 petrol station attendants were taken in this research using consecutive sampling technique. The subjects were interviewed with questionnaires, spirometry and chest radiograph. Measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), particulate matter 2,5 (PM 2,5) and steam gasoline (benzene) concentrations were performed at the study sites. Results: In this study, 56.7% normal spirometry results, 42.3% abnormalities in the form of restriction, 1% obstruction and none of which experienced mixed disorders of restriction and obstruction. Most subjects (84.6%) did not experience respiratory complaints, 10.3% had a dry cough and 5.1% complained of cough with phlegm. There was a statistically significant association between peak expiratory flow and duration of work (p=0.011), but no significant association with other parameters such as forced vital capacity (FVC), %FVC, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), %FEV1 and the ratio of FEV1/FVC. Conclusion: Prevalence of lung function abnormalities of petrol station attendant is 43,3% and respiratory symptoms at 15,4% subject.

scholarly journals Internet Addiction among Senior Medical Students in King Abdulaziz University, Prevalence and Association with Depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan A Bakarman
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Sectional

INTRODUCTION: Excessive internet use can lead to negative outcomes such as poor academic performance and social isolation. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of the internet addiction and to explore the factors associated with depression among medical students, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: The total number of senior medical students was 1049 in the academic years 2013-2014. An analytical cross sectional study was adopted. Stratified sampling technique with proportional allocation to recruit medical students. A self-administered questionnaire was used which adopted the 20-item Young’s internet addiction test (IAT) to explore the internet addictions, while the existence of depression was assessed using the centre for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D).RESULTS: The study included 161 medical students, making the response rate of 78.2%. Majority (94.4%) had computer and 99.4% were using the internet. Community sites ranked first (40.6%), whereas general sites, chatting and emailing were preferred by 14.4%, 10% and 10% respectively. Internet addiction was reported among only five students (3.1%). Possible addiction was reported among 74 students (46.3%). Male students (66.2%) were more addicts to internet than females (44.6%) (P=0.007). The 4th year students reported the highest rate of internet addiction or possible addiction (70.3%) (P=0.003). All internet addicts were depressed, whereas 74.1% of possible addicts and 62.2% of non addicts were depressed (P=0.088). However, the trend in the prevalence of depression in the three different situations was statistically significant (P=0.034).CONCLUSION: Internet addiction is growing hidden problem, which has psychological and social impact on medical students and requires preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Health consequences of thick forest fire smoke to healthy residents in Riau, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Zaini ◽  
Agus Dwi Susanto ◽  
Erlang Samoedro ◽  
Vonni Christiana Bionika ◽  
Budhi Antariksa
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
Fire Smoke ◽  
Forest Fire Disaster

BACKGROUND Indonesia forest fire in 2015 emitted a huge amount of pollutants into the air. This study was aimed to assess the health consequences of forest fire smoke in healthy residents in Riau during forest fire disaster in 2015. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in healthy residents who lived in Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Sumatera, for at least 6 months during forest fire disaster in 2015, and data were taken in October 2015. Questionnaires consisting of respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms were collected. Lung function was assessed by spirometry (MIR II Spirolab™ spirometer, Medical International Research, Italy) and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) was assessed using piCO+ Smokerlyzer®. Heart rate at rest and oxygen saturation in the room air were measured using Onyx 9591 Pulse Oximeter®. RESULTS A total of 89 subjects were mostly female (75.3%), housewife (37.7%), nonsmoker (86.5%) with mean age of 38.9 years old. The non-respiratory and respiratory symptoms were reported in 84.7% and 71.4% subjects, respectively. Lung function was impaired in 72.6% subjects, mostly with mild obstruction and mild restriction. Exhaled CO was highly detected over normal values (mean [standard deviation] = 32.6 [9.97] ppm) with predicted carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) of 5.74 (1.56). CONCLUSIONS Forest fire smoke exposure increased the respiratory and nonrespiratory symptoms among healthy individuals, which showed impairment in lung function, exhaled CO, and predicted COHb. Long term health effects on healthy individuals exposed to forest fire smoke warrant further evaluation.

scholarly journals Oxygen Saturation as a Predictor of Adverse Maternal Outcomes in Women with Preeclampsia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 582-585
Author(s):  
Sweta Rani ◽  
Pallab Kumar Mistri
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Disorders

Introduction: In preeclampsia, hypoxemia may result from a number of mechanisms. Preeclampsia remains a complex and poorly understood disease. Currently, there are no reliable predictors of preeclampsia for early diagnosis to avoid adverse maternal or perinatal outcomes. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of oxygen saturation (SpO2) as a predictor of adverse maternal outcome in women with preeclampsia. Methodology: We conducted the cross-sectional study on 182 preeclamptic women selected by random sampling technique. They were divided into two groups on the basis of oxygen saturation: 29 preeclamptic women (Group L) having oxygen saturation 95% or below and 153 women (Group H) having oxygen saturation 96% or above. The groups were statistically compared with respect to age, gestational age, proteinuria, severity of hypertension and developing different adverse effect of preeclampsia. Women with any medical disorders were excluded. Results: After statistical analysis, it was seen that the women having Spo2 ≤ 95% (L-Group) had experienced more adverse 2 outcomes. They were more hypertensive and more proteinuric, had higher liver enzyme levels, lower platelet counts, and were more likely to have experienced cardio-respiratory symptoms. Women with adverse outcomes were also more likely to have had therapeutic interventions, including corticosteroids, antihypertensives, and magnesium sulphate. Conclusion: Women having SpO2 ≤ 95% (L-Group) had more adverse 2 outcomes in comparison to SpO2 ≥96%(H-Group).

scholarly journals Chronic Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function of Farmer and Breeder in UTU Village, Tabanan, Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Eka Arisanti ◽  
Ni Putu Ayu Widiasari ◽  
Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Passive Smoker

AIM: The objective of the study was to determine chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function of farmers. METHODS: The study was conducted in Utu Village, Tabanan, Bali with 84 subjects. This research was observational analytic cross sectional study. RESULTS: Three dominant chronic respiratory symptoms in farmers were coughing (15.1%), dyspnea (13.1%), and phlegm (13.1%). Average values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were 83.75 ± 34.42, respectively, 81.62 ± 34.30 and 104.90 ± 13.90, respectively. Cough was dominant experiencing by smokers (p = 0.008). Mean of FEV1% prediction and FVC% prediction value was lower in passive smoker group than no smoker group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Occupational exposure while farming and raising livestock can cause chronic respiratory symptom and lung function decline in farmers and can be influenced by smoking history and secondhand smoke exposure.

A cross-sectional study of lung function and respiratory symptoms among chemical workers producing diacetyl for food flavourings

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
F G B G J van Rooy ◽  
L A M Smit ◽  
R Houba ◽  
V A C Zaat ◽  
J M Rooyackers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemical Workers

scholarly journals Peak expiratory flow rate and chronic respiratory symptoms among restaurant workers: a cross-sectional study from Thailand

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chudchawal Juntarawijit
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Background: Cooking smoke is a major source of indoor air pollution affecting millions of people worldwide. To date, there has been no epidemiological study to show the variation in health effects resulting from work at different kinds of restaurants in Thailand. This study determines lung function and chronic respiratory symptoms of workers in four types of eateries commonly found in Thailand. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 321 people working in four common types of restaurants in Thailand: ‘tamsang’ restaurants (from the Thai word ร้านอาหารตามสั่ง, a restaurant that makes a variety of foods to order) (170 people), papaya salad restaurants (51 people), noodle restaurants (50 people), and barbecue stalls (50 people).  The restaurant workers’ demographic data as well as information on their working conditions was collected using a questionnaire administered in a face to face interview. Each worker’s peak expiratory flow rate was measured using a portable peak flow meter. Results: This study found that working in a ‘tamsang’ restaurant is associated with a higher risk of poor lung function (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.33–5.06) and a higher prevalence of moderate dyspnea symptoms (OR = 3.79, 95% CI 1.63–8.79) compared to working in a papaya salad restaurant. The study also found that each of the following were associated with poor lung function and/or chronic respiratory symptoms: cooking with palm oil, having irritated teary eyes while cooking, cooking without a ventilation hood, long past experience working at restaurants, and working in a small cooking area (1–6 m2). Conclusions: Work in different kinds of restaurants with variations in cooking methods and work conditions produces diverse effects on airway and lung function. Regulatory organizations should pay careful attention to protecting the health of restaurant workers, especially those working in ‘tamsang’ restaurants.

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