Abnormal sensorimotor control, but intact force field adaptation, in multiple sclerosis subjects with no clinical disability

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Casadio ◽  
Vittorio Sanguineti ◽  
Pietro Morasso ◽  
Claudio Solaro
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Force Field ◽  
Movement Execution ◽  
Familiarization Phase ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Deceleration Phase ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Field Control ◽  
Force Field Adaptation ◽  
And Control

In MS subjects with no clinical disability, we assessed sensorimotor organization and their ability to adapt to an unfamiliar dynamical environment. Eleven MS subjects performed reaching movements while a robot generated a speed-dependent force field. Control and adaptation performance were compared with that of an equal number of control subjects. During a familiarization phase, when the robot generated no forces, the movements of MS subjects were more curved, displayed greater and more variable directional errors and a longer deceleration phase. During the force field phase, both MS and control subjects gradually learned to predict the robot-generated forces. The rates of adaptation were similar, but MS subjects showed a greater variability in responding to the force field. These results suggest that MS subjects have a preserved capability of learning to predict the effects of the forces, but make greater errors when actually using such predictions to generate movements. Inaccurate motor commands are then compensated later in the movement through an extra amount of sensory-based corrections. This indicates that early in the disease MS subjects have intact adaptive capabilities, but impaired movement execution. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 330—342. http://msj.sagepub.com

Increased frequency of recognition of delipidated versus intact CNS myelin in multiple sclerosis and control subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
John L Trotter ◽  
Tammie L Keadle ◽  
Joanne M Lauber ◽  
Wan Li Dong ◽  
Anne H Cross
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

Low level of systemic autoimmunity in Western Australian multiple sclerosis patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Christine Bundell ◽  
Jing-Shan Wu ◽  
Alison Castley ◽  
Ian James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Antinuclear Antibody ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Systemic Autoimmunity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Western Australian

Previous autoantibody (AAb) studies in multiple sclerosis MS have produced conflicting results. The objective of this study was to determine AAb frequency and association with the HLA-DRB1 genotype. Antinuclear antibody, antithyroid peroxidase and anti-aquaporin-4 assays and HLA-DRB1 genotyping were performed in 198 MS patients and 188 controls. There were no significant differences in AAb frequency or titres between MS and control subjects. AQP4-IgG was not found in any MS patients. There was no correlation between AAbs and HLA-DRB1 alleles. In conclusion, this study failed to confirm previous reports of increased AAbs in MS or to show an association between HLA-DRB1 genotype and the presence of AAbs.

scholarly journals Cortical Relay Time for Long Latency Reflexes in Patients with Definite Multiple Sclerosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Tataroglu ◽  
Ahmet Genc ◽  
Egemen Idiman ◽  
Raif Cakmur ◽  
Fethi Idiman
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Somatosensory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Cortical Involvement ◽  
And Control ◽  
Long Latency Reflexes

AbstractBackground:Long latency reflexes (LLR) include afferent sensory, efferent motor and central transcortical pathways. It is supposed that the cortical relay time (CRT) reflects the conduction of central transcortical loop of LLR. Recently, evidence related to the cortical involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported in some studies. Our aim was to investigate the CRT alterations in patients with MS.Methods:Upper extremity motor evoked potentials (MEP), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and LLR were tested in 28 patients with MS and control subjects (n=22). The patients with MS were classified according to the clinical form (relapsing-remitting [R-R] and progressive groups). The MS patients with secondary progressive and primary progressive forms were considered as the “progressive” group. CRT for LLR was calculated by subtracting the peak latency of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and that of motor evoked potentials (MEP) by transcranial magnetic stimulation from the onset latency of the second component of LLR (LLR2) (CRT = LLR2 – [MEP latency + N20 latency])Results:Cortical relay time was calculated as 7.4 ± 0.9 ms in control subjects. Cortical relay time was prolonged in patients with MS (11.2 ± 2.9 ms) (p<0.0001). The latencies of LLR, MEP and SEP were also prolonged in patients with MS. Cortical relay time was not correlated with disease severity and clinical form in contrast to other tests.Conclusions:Our findings suggested that CRT can be a valuable electrophysiological tool in patients with MS. Involvement of extracortical neural circuits between sensory and motor cortices or cortical involvement due to MS may cause these findings.

Intracranial venous pressure is normal in patients with multiple sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Meyer-Schwickerath ◽  
Christian Haug ◽  
Annette Hacker ◽  
Frauke Fink ◽  
Dietmar Seidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Elevated Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
And Control

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has been postulated as a cause for multiple sclerosis (MS). Venous pressure assessments have not been made. Intracranial venous pressure was assessed using ophthalmodynamometry in 29 MS patients and compared with 28 healthy controls and 19 cases with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). MS and control subjects had normal venous pressures (mean 15.5 resp. 15.1 cmHg). Only cases with intracranial pressure pathology had elevated venous pressures (mean 28.8 cmHg). There is no evidence of an increased intracranial venous pressure in MS patients.

Blunted pressor and intramuscular metabolic responses to voluntary isometric exercise in multiple sclerosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Ng ◽  
H. T. Dao ◽  
R. G. Miller ◽  
D. F. Gelinas ◽  
J. A. Kent-Braun
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

To test the hypothesis that a lower mean arterial pressure (MAP) response during voluntary isometric exercise in multiple sclerosis (MS) is related to a dampened muscle metabolic signal, 9 MS and 11 control subjects performed an isometric dorsiflexor contraction at 30% maximal voluntary contraction until target failure (endurance time). We made continuous and noninvasive measurements of heart rate and MAP (Finapres) and of intramuscular pH and Pi (phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy) in a subset of 6 MS and 10 control subjects. Endurance times and change in heart rate were similar in MS and control subjects. The decrease in pH and increase in Pi were less throughout exercise in MS compared with control subjects, as was the change in MAP response. Differences in muscle strength accounted for some of the difference in MAP response between groups. Cardiovascular responses during Valsalva and cold pressor tests were similar in MS and control subjects, suggesting that the blunted MAP response during exercise in MS was not due to a generalized dysautonomia. The dampened metabolic response in MS subjects was not explained by inadequate central muscle activation. These data suggest that the blunted pressor response to exercise in MS subjects may be largely appropriate to a blunted muscle metabolic response and differences in contracting muscle mass.

scholarly journals The Distribution of GPR17-Expressing Cells Correlates with White Matter Inflammation Status in Brain Tissues of Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4574
Author(s):  
Jacopo Angelini ◽  
Davide Marangon ◽  
Stefano Raffaele ◽  
Davide Lecca ◽  
Maria P. Abbracchio
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Hla Antigen ◽  
Animal Models Of Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Precursor ◽  
Models Of Disease ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Control

In multiple sclerosis (MS), oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recruited to the site of injury to remyelinate damaged axons; however, in patients this process is often ineffective due to defects in OPC maturation. The membrane receptor GPR17 timely regulates the early stages of OPC differentiation; however, after reaching its highest levels in immature oligodendrocytes, it has to be downregulated to allow terminal maturation. Since, in several animal models of disease GPR17 is upregulated, the aim of this work was to characterize GPR17 alterations in MS patients. We developed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence procedures for the detection of GPR17 in human tissues and stained post-mortem MS brain lesions from patients with secondary progressive MS and control subjects. The inflammatory activity in each lesion was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for the myelin protein MOG and the HLA antigen to classify them as active, chronic inactive or chronic active. Hence, we assessed the distribution of GPR17-positive cells in these lesions compared to normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and white matter (WM) of control subjects. Our data have shown a marked increase of GPR17-expressing oligodendroglial cells accumulating at NAWM, in which moderate inflammation was also found. Furthermore, we identified two distinct subpopulations of GPR17-expressing oligodendroglial cells, characterized by either ramified or rounded morphology, that differently populate the WM of healthy controls and MS patients. We concluded that the coordinated presence of GPR17 in OPCs at the lesion sites and inflamed NAWM areas suggests that GPR17 could be exploited to support endogenous remyelination through advanced pharmacological approaches.

scholarly journals Cytokine responses to acute and chronic exercise in multiple sclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1697-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Castellano ◽  
Darpan I. Patel ◽  
Lesley J. White
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Cytokine Responses ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Cycle Training ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Regular exercise reduces functional loss associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of exercise on inflammatory mediators associated with disease activity remains relatively unexplored. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ambulatory MS subjects would respond similarly to aerobic cycle training compared with matched controls on circulating immune variables, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ. Eleven MS and 11 non-MS control subjects (8 women and 3 men in both groups) matched in age, height, body mass, body fat, and peak O2 uptake completed the study. Subjects completed 30 min of cycle ergometry at 60% of peak O2 uptake, 3 day/wk for 8 wk. Plasma cytokine concentrations were determined before and after exercise at weeks 0, 4, and 8. MS and control subjects showed a similar cytokine responses to exercise. IL-6 at rest tended to decrease ( P = 0.08) with training in both groups. Resting plasma TNF-α tended to be higher in MS compared with controls throughout the study ( P = 0.08). MS subjects showed elevated resting TNF-α in MS at the end of the 8-wk program ( P = 0.04), whereas resting TNF-α remained unchanged in controls ( P > 0.05). Resting plasma IFN-γ at rest was elevated in MS subjects ( P = 0.008) and unchanged in controls at the end of the intervention ( P > 0.05). The response of plasma IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ after a single bout of exercise was similar between MS and control subjects ( P > 0.05). Additional research to understand the impact of exercise on immune variables in MS is warranted.

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