Low level of systemic autoimmunity in Western Australian multiple sclerosis patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Christine Bundell ◽  
Jing-Shan Wu ◽  
Alison Castley ◽  
Ian James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Antinuclear Antibody ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Systemic Autoimmunity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Western Australian

Previous autoantibody (AAb) studies in multiple sclerosis MS have produced conflicting results. The objective of this study was to determine AAb frequency and association with the HLA-DRB1 genotype. Antinuclear antibody, antithyroid peroxidase and anti-aquaporin-4 assays and HLA-DRB1 genotyping were performed in 198 MS patients and 188 controls. There were no significant differences in AAb frequency or titres between MS and control subjects. AQP4-IgG was not found in any MS patients. There was no correlation between AAbs and HLA-DRB1 alleles. In conclusion, this study failed to confirm previous reports of increased AAbs in MS or to show an association between HLA-DRB1 genotype and the presence of AAbs.

scholarly journals The Distribution of GPR17-Expressing Cells Correlates with White Matter Inflammation Status in Brain Tissues of Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4574
Author(s):  
Jacopo Angelini ◽  
Davide Marangon ◽  
Stefano Raffaele ◽  
Davide Lecca ◽  
Maria P. Abbracchio
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Hla Antigen ◽  
Animal Models Of Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Precursor ◽  
Models Of Disease ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Control

In multiple sclerosis (MS), oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recruited to the site of injury to remyelinate damaged axons; however, in patients this process is often ineffective due to defects in OPC maturation. The membrane receptor GPR17 timely regulates the early stages of OPC differentiation; however, after reaching its highest levels in immature oligodendrocytes, it has to be downregulated to allow terminal maturation. Since, in several animal models of disease GPR17 is upregulated, the aim of this work was to characterize GPR17 alterations in MS patients. We developed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence procedures for the detection of GPR17 in human tissues and stained post-mortem MS brain lesions from patients with secondary progressive MS and control subjects. The inflammatory activity in each lesion was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for the myelin protein MOG and the HLA antigen to classify them as active, chronic inactive or chronic active. Hence, we assessed the distribution of GPR17-positive cells in these lesions compared to normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and white matter (WM) of control subjects. Our data have shown a marked increase of GPR17-expressing oligodendroglial cells accumulating at NAWM, in which moderate inflammation was also found. Furthermore, we identified two distinct subpopulations of GPR17-expressing oligodendroglial cells, characterized by either ramified or rounded morphology, that differently populate the WM of healthy controls and MS patients. We concluded that the coordinated presence of GPR17 in OPCs at the lesion sites and inflamed NAWM areas suggests that GPR17 could be exploited to support endogenous remyelination through advanced pharmacological approaches.

Increased frequency of recognition of delipidated versus intact CNS myelin in multiple sclerosis and control subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
John L Trotter ◽  
Tammie L Keadle ◽  
Joanne M Lauber ◽  
Wan Li Dong ◽  
Anne H Cross
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Cortical Relay Time for Long Latency Reflexes in Patients with Definite Multiple Sclerosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Tataroglu ◽  
Ahmet Genc ◽  
Egemen Idiman ◽  
Raif Cakmur ◽  
Fethi Idiman
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Somatosensory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Cortical Involvement ◽  
And Control ◽  
Long Latency Reflexes

AbstractBackground:Long latency reflexes (LLR) include afferent sensory, efferent motor and central transcortical pathways. It is supposed that the cortical relay time (CRT) reflects the conduction of central transcortical loop of LLR. Recently, evidence related to the cortical involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported in some studies. Our aim was to investigate the CRT alterations in patients with MS.Methods:Upper extremity motor evoked potentials (MEP), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and LLR were tested in 28 patients with MS and control subjects (n=22). The patients with MS were classified according to the clinical form (relapsing-remitting [R-R] and progressive groups). The MS patients with secondary progressive and primary progressive forms were considered as the “progressive” group. CRT for LLR was calculated by subtracting the peak latency of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and that of motor evoked potentials (MEP) by transcranial magnetic stimulation from the onset latency of the second component of LLR (LLR2) (CRT = LLR2 – [MEP latency + N20 latency])Results:Cortical relay time was calculated as 7.4 ± 0.9 ms in control subjects. Cortical relay time was prolonged in patients with MS (11.2 ± 2.9 ms) (p<0.0001). The latencies of LLR, MEP and SEP were also prolonged in patients with MS. Cortical relay time was not correlated with disease severity and clinical form in contrast to other tests.Conclusions:Our findings suggested that CRT can be a valuable electrophysiological tool in patients with MS. Involvement of extracortical neural circuits between sensory and motor cortices or cortical involvement due to MS may cause these findings.

Assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations in male and female multiple sclerosis patients and control volunteers

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Barnes ◽  
M.P. Bonham ◽  
P.J. Robson ◽  
J.J. Strain ◽  
A.S. Lowe-Strong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Control

Populations with insufficient ultraviolet exposure and who consume diets low in vitamin D have low vitamin D status (plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations) and a reported higher incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS). The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), is an effective anti-inflammatory molecule. No research to date has assessed 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations in individuals with MS. In this study, plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D 3 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured in 29 individuals with MS and 22 age- and sex-matched control volunteers. There were no significant differences in plasma PTH, 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations between individuals with MS and control volunteers. Women with MS had significantly higher 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations than men with MS (79.1 ±45.4 versus 50.2±15.3 nmol/L, P=0.019 and 103.8± 36.8 versus 70.4±28.7 pmol/L, P=0.019, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D 3 concentrations in all subjects (r=0.564, P=0.000), but secondary analysis revealed that the correlation was driven by women with MS (r=0.677, P= 0.001). Significant sex differences in vitamin D metabolism were observed and were most marked in individuals with MS, suggesting that vitamin D requirements may differ between the sexes, as well as by underlying disease state. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 670-672. http://msj.sagepub.com

scholarly journals The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on Balance Function and Physiological Cost Index in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Sadeh ◽  
Reza Sharifatpour
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction:   Muscle weakness and balance problems are limiting factors in Multiple sclerosis patients that can be improved due to physical activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on balance function and Physiological Cost Index in patients with MS in Yazd city in 1394. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in two stages: pretest and post-test. The subjects were selected by targeted and available sampling and randomly divided into training and control groups that included 30 patients (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Subjects in the experimental group participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, three days a week, each session of 60-90 minutes with an intensity of  50-70% of maximum heart rate. For statistical analysis we used descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and the Shapiro-Wilk test used to measure the normality of the data, independent t-test and the covariance (ANCOVA). The significance level of the tests was p < 0.05 by using the SPSS-25 software. Results:   ANCOVA results revealed that the selected aerobic training significantly increased both static balance (p = 0.007) and dynamic balance (p = 0.001). Moreover, aerobic training positively influenced the physiological cost index (P = 0.001.  Conclusion: aerobic exercise can improve both static and dynamic balance and increase the Physiological Cost Index in M.S patients. Therefore, these exercises are recommended for patients with MS.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE GUT ENTEROTYPES IN SOME EGYPTIAN PATIENTS WITH REMITTING RELAPSING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Said ◽  
Shwikar Ahmed ◽  
Mona Hamdy ◽  
Richard Wani ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Case ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cross Matching

Background: Gut microbiota cluster into three enterotypes named the Bacteroides, Prevotella and Ruminococcus. While each person’s microbial “fingerprint” is unique, there are specific patterns seen in those that are healthy and those that have specific illnesses. The aim of the present study is to identify the enterotypes that are likely related to Multiple Sclerosis Egyptian patients as well as their possible role in the course of the disease. Subjects & Methods: Thirty patients with remitting relapsing multiple sclerosis, who presented to the MS Clinic of Alexandria University Hospital were enrolled in our study. These were diagnosed according to according to McDonnald 2017 criteria. A cross matching control group of 20 healthy subjects of similar age and sex were included. Stool specimens were taken from each. Quantitative SYBR Green Real-Time PCR was done for the identification and quantitation of Bacteroides, Prevotella and Ruminococcus which constitute the core of the three major enterotypes. Results: Enterotype 1 is the most common enterotype detected in MS and control cases (80% versus 65%). For Enterotype 3, it was not detected in any of the 20 control cases while detected in multiple sclerosis case (16.7%). However, by comparing the multiple sclerosis and control cases Enterotype 2 is significantly less in multiple sclerosis than control (3.3% versus 35%). Conclusion: Although Enterotype 2 is significantly less in multiple sclerosis patients, collapsing the whole microbiome variations into dominant enterotypes was not appropriate to identify disease association or to be used as a disease biomarker.

Intracranial venous pressure is normal in patients with multiple sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Meyer-Schwickerath ◽  
Christian Haug ◽  
Annette Hacker ◽  
Frauke Fink ◽  
Dietmar Seidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Elevated Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
And Control

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has been postulated as a cause for multiple sclerosis (MS). Venous pressure assessments have not been made. Intracranial venous pressure was assessed using ophthalmodynamometry in 29 MS patients and compared with 28 healthy controls and 19 cases with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). MS and control subjects had normal venous pressures (mean 15.5 resp. 15.1 cmHg). Only cases with intracranial pressure pathology had elevated venous pressures (mean 28.8 cmHg). There is no evidence of an increased intracranial venous pressure in MS patients.

Abnormal sensorimotor control, but intact force field adaptation, in multiple sclerosis subjects with no clinical disability

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Casadio ◽  
Vittorio Sanguineti ◽  
Pietro Morasso ◽  
Claudio Solaro
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Force Field ◽  
Movement Execution ◽  
Familiarization Phase ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Deceleration Phase ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Field Control ◽  
Force Field Adaptation ◽  
And Control

In MS subjects with no clinical disability, we assessed sensorimotor organization and their ability to adapt to an unfamiliar dynamical environment. Eleven MS subjects performed reaching movements while a robot generated a speed-dependent force field. Control and adaptation performance were compared with that of an equal number of control subjects. During a familiarization phase, when the robot generated no forces, the movements of MS subjects were more curved, displayed greater and more variable directional errors and a longer deceleration phase. During the force field phase, both MS and control subjects gradually learned to predict the robot-generated forces. The rates of adaptation were similar, but MS subjects showed a greater variability in responding to the force field. These results suggest that MS subjects have a preserved capability of learning to predict the effects of the forces, but make greater errors when actually using such predictions to generate movements. Inaccurate motor commands are then compensated later in the movement through an extra amount of sensory-based corrections. This indicates that early in the disease MS subjects have intact adaptive capabilities, but impaired movement execution. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 330—342. http://msj.sagepub.com

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