scholarly journals Risk of relapse phenotype recurrence in multiple sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1511-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Kalincik ◽  
Katherine Buzzard ◽  
Vilija Jokubaitis ◽  
Maria Trojano ◽  
Pierre Duquette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Early Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

Objectives: The aim was to analyse risk of relapse phenotype recurrence in multiple sclerosis and to characterise the effect of demographic and clinical features on this phenotype. Methods: Information about relapses was collected using MSBase, an international observational registry. Associations between relapse phenotypes and history of similar relapses or patient characteristics were tested with multivariable logistic regression models. Tendency of relapse phenotypes to recur sequentially was assessed with principal component analysis. Results: Among 14,969 eligible patients (89,949 patient-years), 49,279 phenotypically characterised relapses were recorded. Visual and brainstem relapses occurred more frequently in early disease and in younger patients. Sensory relapses were more frequent in early or non-progressive disease. Pyramidal, sphincter and cerebellar relapses were more common in older patients and in progressive disease. Women presented more often with sensory or visual symptoms. Men were more prone to pyramidal, brainstem and cerebellar relapses. Importantly, relapse phenotype was predicted by the phenotypes of previous relapses. (OR = 1.8–5, p = 10-14). Sensory, visual and brainstem relapses showed better recovery than other relapse phenotypes. Relapse severity increased and the ability to recover decreased with age or more advanced disease. Conclusion: Relapse phenotype was associated with demographic and clinical characteristics, with phenotypic recurrence significantly more common than expected by chance.

Clinical course in multiple sclerosis patients presenting with a history of progressive disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Pandey ◽  
S.C. Krieger ◽  
C. Farrell ◽  
C. Hannigan ◽  
T. DeAngelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Domestic Violence Reported to the Police: Correlates of Victims’ Reporting Behavior and Support to Legal Proceedings

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Boivin ◽  
Chloé Leclerc
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
History Of

This article analyzes reported incidents of domestic violence according to the source of the complaint and whether the victim initially supported judicial action against the offender. Almost three quarters of incidents studied were reported by the victim (72%), and a little more than half of victims initially wanted to press charges (55%). Using multinomial logistic regression models, situational and individual factors are used to distinguish 4 incident profiles. Incidents in which the victim made the initial report to the police and wished to press charges are the most distinct and involve partners who were already separated at the time of the incident or had a history of domestic violence. The other profiles also show important differences.

Progression of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis absent further exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Kirsten S Almberg ◽  
Lee S Friedman ◽  
Cecile S Rose ◽  
Leonard H T Go ◽  
Robert A Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Coal Workers

ObjectivesThe natural history of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) after cessation of exposure remains poorly understood.MethodsWe characterised the development of and progression to radiographic progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) among former US coal miners who applied for US federal benefits at least two times between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2013. International Labour Office classifications of chest radiographs (CXRs) were used to determine initial and subsequent disease severity. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify major predictors of disease progression.ResultsA total of 3351 former miners applying for benefits without evidence of PMF at the time of their initial evaluation had subsequent CXRs. On average, these miners were 59.7 years of age and had 22 years of coal mine employment. At the time of their first CXR, 46.7% of miners had evidence of simple CWP. At the time of their last CXR, 111 miners (3.3%) had radiographic evidence of PMF. Nearly half of all miners who progressed to PMF did so in 5 years or less. Main predictors of progression included younger age and severity of simple CWP at the time of initial CXR.ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence that radiographic CWP may develop and/or progress absent further exposure, even among miners with no evidence of radiographic pneumoconiosis after leaving the industry. Former miners should undergo regular medical surveillance because of the risk for disease progression.

Assessing interactions between HLA-DRB1*15 and infectious mononucleosis on the risk of multiple sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1355-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Disanto ◽  
Carolina Hall ◽  
Robyn Lucas ◽  
Anne-Louise Ponsonby ◽  
Antonio J Berlanga-Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Causal Process ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Additive Scale

Gene–environment interactions may shed light on the mechanisms underlying multiple sclerosis (MS). We pooled data from two case-control studies on incident demyelination and used different methods to assess interaction between HLA-DRB1*15 (DRB1-15) and history of infectious mononucleosis (IM). Individuals exposed to both factors were at substantially increased risk of disease (OR=7.32, 95% CI=4.92–10.90). In logistic regression models, DRB1-15 and IM status were independent predictors of disease while their interaction term was not (DRB1-15*IM: OR=1.35, 95% CI=0.79–2.23). However, interaction on an additive scale was evident (Synergy index=2.09, 95% CI=1.59–2.59; excess risk due to interaction=3.30, 95%CI=0.47–6.12; attributable proportion due to interaction=45%, 95% CI=22–68%). This suggests, if the additive model is appropriate, the DRB1-15 and IM may be involved in the same causal process leading to MS and highlights the benefit of reporting gene–environment interactions on both a multiplicative and additive scale.

Predictors of alternative medicine use by multiple sclerosis patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Ann Marrie ◽  
Olympia Hadjimichael ◽  
Timothy Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Objective: To determine the frequency of alternative medicine use among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and the factors which predict such use. Methods: We examined 20778 MS patients enrolled in the North A merican Research C onsortium on Multiple Sclerosis (NARC O MS) Patient Registry, residing in the USA. We used demographic and clinical data to create multivariate logistic regression models for i) lifetime use of any alternative medicine, ii) lifetime use of any alternative provider (A P), and iii) lifetime use of each of the three most common A P. Results: 20387 patients provided data regarding alternative medicine use. Lifetime use of any alternative medicine was 54% and current use was 30%. C hiropractors (51%), massage therapists (34%), and nutritionists (24%) were the most commonly used A P. In all five models, use of alternative medicine was most strongly predicted by use of a conventional provider, and more modestly by disease factors indicating more severe or prolonged disease. Predictive power of the models was poor (c-index =0.62-0.68), despite good fits for the data. Conclusions: Demographic factors play only a minimal role in predicting the use of alternative medicine in this MS population while disease factors play a slightly stronger role. There must be other factors involved that may include accessibility, social acceptability and cultural factors. G iven the frequency of alternative medicine use by this patient population, further characterization of these factors is important.

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Seizure Clusters in Patients With Epilepsy Is Partly Determined by Epilepsy Severity: A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhong ◽  
Qingling Chen ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Weihong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Purpose: This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the self-reported prevalence of seizure clusters (SCs) in patients with epilepsy (PWE) and its relationship with clinical characteristics.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive PWE from our hospital in northeastern China. Data were collected from the databank of a tertiary epilepsy center. Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the relationships between the individual patient demographic/clinical variables and the occurrence of SC.Results: In total, 606 consecutive PWE were included in the final analysis, and 268 (44.2%) patients experienced at least one seizure cluster. In multivariate logistic regression models, age (OR: 1.014; 95% CI: 1.002–1.027; p = 0.02), seizure frequency (OR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.555–2.783; p < 0.001), multiple seizure types (OR: 5.111; 95% CI: 1.737–15.043; p = 0.003), number of current anti-seizure medications (ASM) (OR: 1.533; 95% CI: 1.15–2.042; p = 0.004), drug-resistant epilepsy (OR: 1.987; 95% CI: 1.159–3.407; p = 0.013), and a history of status epilepticus (OR: 1.903; 95% CI: 1.24–2.922; p = 0.003) were independent variables associated with a history of SC in PWE.Conclusion: Seizure clusters (SCs) are common occurrences at our study center. The occurrence of SC in individuals with epilepsy, to some extent, is determined by the epilepsy severity.

scholarly journals Comorbid disease drives short-term hospitalization outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adys Mendizabal ◽  
Dylan P. Thibault ◽  
James A. Crispo ◽  
Adina Paley ◽  
Allison W. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Comorbid Disease ◽  
Collagen Vascular Diseases ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
Medicare Program ◽  
The Us

ObjectiveReadmission is used as a quality indicator and is the primary target outcome for disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, data on readmissions for patients with MS are limited.MethodsUsing the US Nationwide Readmissions Database, we performed a retrospective cohort study of adults hospitalized for MS in 2014. Primary study outcomes were within 30- and 90-day readmissions. Descriptive analyses compared patient, clinical, and hospital variables readmission status. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the associations between these variables and readmission.ResultsOf 16,629 individuals meeting the study criteria, most were women (73.7%), aged 35–54 years (48.0%), and Medicare program participants (36.8%). In total, 49.7% of inpatients with MS had 1–2 comorbid medical conditions and 23.7% had 3 or more. Having 3 or more comorbidity conditions associated with increased adjusted odds of the 30-day readmission (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.92, 1.34–2.74). Anemia (AOR 1.62, 1.22–2.14), rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseases (AOR 2.20, 1.45–3.33), congestive heart failure (AOR 2.43, 1.39–4.24), chronic pulmonary disease (AOR 1.35, 1.02–1.78), diabetes with complications (AOR 2.27, 1.45–3.56), hypertension (AOR 1.25, 1.03–1.53), obesity (AOR 1.35, 1.05–1.73), and renal failure (AOR 1.68, 1.06–2.67) were associated with the 30-day readmission. Medicare insurance and nonroutine discharge were also associated with readmission, whereas patient characteristics (sex, age, and socioeconomic status) were not. The most frequent (26.7%) reason for readmission was multiple sclerosis. Ninety-day analyses produced similar findings.ConclusionsComorbid diseases were associated with the readmission for persons with multiple sclerosis. Evaluations of the real-world effectiveness for DMTs in reducing hospitalizations in patients with MS may need to consider comorbid disease burden and management.

scholarly journals Stopping when knowing: use of snus and nicotine during pregnancy in Scandinavia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 00197-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Kreyberg ◽  
Karen E.S. Bains ◽  
Kai-H. Carlsen ◽  
Berit Granum ◽  
Hrefna K. Gudmundsdóttir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Maternal History ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electronic Questionnaires ◽  
In Pregnancy

In young women, the use of snus increases in parallel with decreasing smoking rates but the  use in pregnancy is unclear. Our aims were to determine the prevalence of snus use, smoking and other nicotine-containing product use during pregnancy, and to identify predictors for snus use in pregnancy.Prevalence was determined for 2528 women in Norway and Sweden based on the Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and ALLergies (PreventADALL) study, a population-based, mother–child birth cohort. Electronic questionnaires were completed in pregnancy week 18 and/or week 34, and potential predictors of snus use were analysed using logistic regression models.Ever use of any snus, tobacco or nicotine-containing products was reported by 35.7% of women, with similar rates of snus use (22.5%) and smoking (22.6%). Overall, 11.3% of women reported any use of nicotine-containing products in pregnancy up to 34 weeks, most often snus alone (6.5%). Most women (87.2%) stopped using snus by week 6 of pregnancy.Snus use in pregnancy was inversely associated with age and positively associated with urban living and personal or maternal history of smoking. While 11.3% of women used snus or other nicotine-containing products at some time, most stopped when recognising their pregnancy. Younger, urban living, previously smoking women were more likely to use snus in pregnancy.

Abstract 039: Insomnia And Short Sleep Uniquely Predict Obesity, Hypertension, And Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Knowlden ◽  
Michael A Grandner
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Background: Epidemiological evidence of short sleep’s (<6 hours) association with negative cardiometabolic health outcomes continues to mount; yet, the complex relationship between sleep and health is still not well-understood. Sleep problems, such as short sleep (SS) and insomnia (IN), are often analyzed as a singular construct at the population level; however, it has been proposed that, although these two sleep problems likely overlap, they are separate phenomena. The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine if SS and IN were independent constructs; and to (2) evaluate whether SS and IN predicted obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Methods: Analyses were based on the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES employs a complex, multistage, probability sampling design to survey a representative sample of non-institutionalized U.S. adults (≥18 years). Data related to short (<6), normal (7-8), and long (9+) sleep duration, insomnia (present: mild, moderate, severe), hypertension (present: previous hypertension/hypertension medications/blood pressure in the hypertensive range), and diabetes (present: history of diabetes/fasting blood sugar of 130+) were extracted for analysis. Age, sex, and obesity (body mass index, 30.0+) were entered as covariates into the models. Results: Among the subjects, 0.08% were normal sleepers with IN; 0.21% were SS with insomnia; and, 0.59% had IN with SS. Table 1 summarizes the multivariate and stratified logistic regression models of SS and IN predicting obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggested SS and IN are independent constructs, uniquely predicting obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. SS and IN neither mediated nor moderated one another, implying these two sleep outcomes are not additive in nature, but are instead separate health problems. The distinction between SS and IN may have important epidemiological and clinical implications.

Alcohol consumption in adolescence is associated with a lower risk of multiple sclerosis in a Danish cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1572-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Andersen ◽  
Helle Bach Søndergaard ◽  
Ditte Bang Oturai ◽  
Julie Hejgaard Laursen ◽  
Stefan Gustavsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
High Alcohol Consumption ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Questionnaire ◽  
Low Alcohol

Background and objective: Due to the possible existence of a vulnerable period of multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility in adolescence and because Danish teenagers have a high alcohol consumption, we investigated the association between alcohol consumption at ages 15–19 and the risk of developing MS. Methods: A total of 1717 patients with MS and 4685 healthy blood donors filled in a comprehensive environmental and lifestyle questionnaire. Data were analysed by logistic regression models and adjusted for selected confounders. Results: We found an inverse association between alcohol consumption in adolescence and risk of developing MS in both women ( p < 0.001) and men ( p = 0.012). Women with low alcohol consumption had an odds ratio (OR) of 0.56 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47–0.66) compared with non-drinking women. The ORs were similar for women with moderate (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.38–0.62) and high consumption (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.38–0.84). Men with low alcohol consumption had an OR of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.53–0.89) compared with non-drinking men but no decreased risk was found for men with moderate and high consumption. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption in adolescence was associated with lower risk of developing MS among both sexes.

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