Abstract 039: Insomnia And Short Sleep Uniquely Predict Obesity, Hypertension, And Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Knowlden ◽  
Michael A Grandner
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Background: Epidemiological evidence of short sleep’s (<6 hours) association with negative cardiometabolic health outcomes continues to mount; yet, the complex relationship between sleep and health is still not well-understood. Sleep problems, such as short sleep (SS) and insomnia (IN), are often analyzed as a singular construct at the population level; however, it has been proposed that, although these two sleep problems likely overlap, they are separate phenomena. The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine if SS and IN were independent constructs; and to (2) evaluate whether SS and IN predicted obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Methods: Analyses were based on the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES employs a complex, multistage, probability sampling design to survey a representative sample of non-institutionalized U.S. adults (≥18 years). Data related to short (<6), normal (7-8), and long (9+) sleep duration, insomnia (present: mild, moderate, severe), hypertension (present: previous hypertension/hypertension medications/blood pressure in the hypertensive range), and diabetes (present: history of diabetes/fasting blood sugar of 130+) were extracted for analysis. Age, sex, and obesity (body mass index, 30.0+) were entered as covariates into the models. Results: Among the subjects, 0.08% were normal sleepers with IN; 0.21% were SS with insomnia; and, 0.59% had IN with SS. Table 1 summarizes the multivariate and stratified logistic regression models of SS and IN predicting obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggested SS and IN are independent constructs, uniquely predicting obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. SS and IN neither mediated nor moderated one another, implying these two sleep outcomes are not additive in nature, but are instead separate health problems. The distinction between SS and IN may have important epidemiological and clinical implications.

138 Short Sleep and Insomnia as Independent Predictors of Obesity, Hypertension, and Diabetes

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A56-A56
Author(s):  
Adam Knowlden ◽  
Michael Grandner
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normal Sleep ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

Abstract Introduction Epidemiological evidence of short sleep’s (&lt;6 hours) association with negative cardiometabolic health outcomes continues to mount; yet, the complex relationship between sleep and health is still not well-understood. Sleep problems, such as short sleep and insomnia, are often analyzed as a singular construct at the population level; however, it has been proposed that, although these two sleep problems likely overlap, they are separate phenomena. The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine if short sleep and insomnia were independent constructs; and to (2) evaluate whether short sleep and insomnia predicted obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Methods Analyses were based on the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES employs a complex, multistage, probability sampling design to survey a representative sample of non-institutionalized U.S. adults (≥18 years). Data related to short (&lt;6), normal (7-8), and long (9+) sleep duration, insomnia (present: mild, moderate, severe), hypertension (present: previous hypertension/hypertension medications/blood pressure in the hypertensive range), and diabetes (present: history of diabetes/fasting blood sugar of 130+) were extracted for analysis. Age, sex, and obesity (body mass index, 30.0+) were entered as covariates into the models. Results Among the subjects, 0.08% were normal sleepers with insomnia; 0.21% were short sleep with insomnia; and, 0.59% had insomnia with short sleep. Short sleep without insomnia (OR=1.35; p&lt;.001), normal sleep with insomnia (OR=1.56; p&lt;.001), and short sleep with insomnia (OR=1.64; p&lt;.001) uniquely predicted obesity. As well, short sleep without insomnia (OR=1.23; p=0.004) as well as short sleep with insomnia (OR=1.21; p&lt;0.001) independently predicted hypertension. Furthermore, short sleep with (2.01; p&lt;0.001) and without (OR=1.48; p&lt;0.001) insomnia as well as normal sleep with insomnia (p=0.007) uniquely predicted diabetes. Conclusion Findings from this study suggested short sleep and insomnia are independent constructs, uniquely predicting obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Short sleep and insomnia neither mediated nor moderated one another, implying these two sleep outcomes are not additive in nature, but are instead separate health problems. The distinction between short sleep and insomnia may have important epidemiological and clinical implications. Support (if any) N/A

scholarly journals Low HbA1c levels and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality among people without diabetes: the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Inoue ◽  
Roch Nianogo ◽  
Donatello Telesca ◽  
Atsushi Goto ◽  
Vahe Khachadourian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objective It is unclear whether relatively low glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are beneficial or harmful for the long-term health outcomes among people without diabetes. We aimed to investigate the association between low HbA1c levels and mortality among the US general population. Methods This study includes a nationally representative sample of 39 453 US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999–2014, linked to mortality data through 2015. We employed the parametric g-formula with pooled logistic regression models and the ensemble machine learning algorithms to estimate the time-varying risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality by HbA1c categories (low, 4.0 to &lt;5.0%; mid-level, 5.0 to &lt;5.7%; prediabetes, 5.7 to &lt;6.5%; and diabetes, ≥6.5% or taking antidiabetic medication), adjusting for 72 potential confounders including demographic characteristics, lifestyle, biomarkers, comorbidities and medications. Results Over a median follow-up of 7.5 years, 5118 (13%) all-cause deaths, and 1116 (3%) cardiovascular deaths were observed. Logistic regression models and machine learning algorithms showed nearly identical predictive performance of death and risk estimates. Compared with mid-level HbA1c, low HbA1c was associated with a 30% (95% CI, 16 to 48) and a 12% (95% CI, 3 to 22) increased risk of all-cause mortality at 5 years and 10 years of follow-up, respectively. We found no evidence that low HbA1c levels were associated with cardiovascular mortality risk. The diabetes group, but not the prediabetes group, also showed an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Conclusions Using the US national database and adjusting for an extensive set of potential confounders with flexible modelling, we found that adults with low HbA1c were at increased risk of all-cause mortality. Further evaluation and careful monitoring of low HbA1c levels need to be considered.

Domestic Violence Reported to the Police: Correlates of Victims’ Reporting Behavior and Support to Legal Proceedings

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Boivin ◽  
Chloé Leclerc
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
History Of

This article analyzes reported incidents of domestic violence according to the source of the complaint and whether the victim initially supported judicial action against the offender. Almost three quarters of incidents studied were reported by the victim (72%), and a little more than half of victims initially wanted to press charges (55%). Using multinomial logistic regression models, situational and individual factors are used to distinguish 4 incident profiles. Incidents in which the victim made the initial report to the police and wished to press charges are the most distinct and involve partners who were already separated at the time of the incident or had a history of domestic violence. The other profiles also show important differences.

scholarly journals Association between Eating Away from Home and Hyperuricemia: A Population-Based Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zifeng Liu ◽  
Xiaoting Su ◽  
Mianli Xiao ◽  
Peien Zhou ◽  
Jianwei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Home Food

Hyperuricemia (HU) is a risk factor for different kinds of chronic noncommunicable diseases, and eating away from home (EAFH) may play an important role in their development, which has been ignored greatly so far. This study aimed to investigate the association between EAFH and HU in different models. A cross-sectional study involving 8,322 participants of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was conducted. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. We found that participants who consumed more away-from-home food had a higher risk for HU, and the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (for each increment in grades of EAFH) were 1.11 (1.02, 1.20) in a multiadjusted model (adjusted for age, gender, province, net individual income, body mass index, smoking, leisure-time physical activities, energy intake, and sleep duration). As for stratified analyses, the aOR (95% CI) of EAFH was 1.12 (1.01, 1.24) for men and 1.06 (0.92, 1.21) for women. Similar results can be found in the middle-aged and obese population, with aOR (95% CI) of EAFH as 1.17 (1.05, 1.30) and 1.15 (1.03, 1.29), respectively. In conclusion, EAFH is positively associated with the prevalence of HU.

scholarly journals 0863 Age-categorized Trends In Self-reported Sleep Duration For The Non-institutionalized U.s. Civilian Population From 2004-2013: Considerations Of Racial/ethnic Variations

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A329-A329
Author(s):  
M Christina ◽  
O M Bubu ◽  
T Donley ◽  
J Blanc ◽  
E Oji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Racial Categories ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Ethnic Variations ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Introduction We examined age-categorized trends in self-reported sleep duration using data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2004-2013 and explored how these trends may vary based on individuals’ race/ethnicity. Methods Study participants were aged 18-85 (N=258,158). Sleep duration within a 24-hour period on average was categorized as ≤ 6hrs (short-sleep), 7-8 hours (adequate-sleep), and ≥ 9hrs (long-sleep). Age was categorized as 18 - &lt;26, 26 - &lt;65 and 65 - 85. Racial categories included non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), Blacks/African Americans (AAs) and Hispanics. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression models examined trends in self-reported sleep duration across age-categories and assessed race/ethnic differences in these trends. Results Mean sleep duration (hrs.) across all years was 7.4, 7.0, and 7.5, for ages 18 - &lt;26, 26 - &lt;65 and 65 - 85, respectively and was relatively stable from 2004-2013. However, compared to individuals ages 18 - &lt;26, those categorized as ages 26 - &lt;65 were 55% more likely to be short sleepers while those ages 65 - 85 were 20% less likely to be short sleepers (P &lt; .001 for all). Mean sleep duration was 7.2hrs, for NHW and 7.1hrs for AAs and Hispanics, and showed increasing trend toward short sleep beginning in 2007 through 2013 (P &lt;.01 for trend). In the age 18 - &lt;26 category, compared to whites, blacks and Hispanics were 35% and 29% more likely to be short sleepers, respectively. In the age 26 - &lt;65 category, compared to whites, blacks and Hispanics were 35% and 21% more likely to be short sleepers, respectively. In the age 65 - 85 category, compared to whites, blacks were 19% more likely to be short sleepers (P &lt; .001 for all). Conclusion Continued surveillance of population-level sleep trends among minority populations is essential as growing race/ethnic (age specific) disparities in self-reported sleep duration may have consequences for racial/ethnic health disparities. Support NIH/NIA/NHLBI (L30-AG064670, CIRAD P30AG059303 Pilot, T32HL129953, R01AG056531, R25HL105444, R25NS094093, K07AG05268503, R01HL142066, K23HL125939)

Progression of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis absent further exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Kirsten S Almberg ◽  
Lee S Friedman ◽  
Cecile S Rose ◽  
Leonard H T Go ◽  
Robert A Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis ◽  
Coal Workers

ObjectivesThe natural history of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) after cessation of exposure remains poorly understood.MethodsWe characterised the development of and progression to radiographic progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) among former US coal miners who applied for US federal benefits at least two times between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2013. International Labour Office classifications of chest radiographs (CXRs) were used to determine initial and subsequent disease severity. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify major predictors of disease progression.ResultsA total of 3351 former miners applying for benefits without evidence of PMF at the time of their initial evaluation had subsequent CXRs. On average, these miners were 59.7 years of age and had 22 years of coal mine employment. At the time of their first CXR, 46.7% of miners had evidence of simple CWP. At the time of their last CXR, 111 miners (3.3%) had radiographic evidence of PMF. Nearly half of all miners who progressed to PMF did so in 5 years or less. Main predictors of progression included younger age and severity of simple CWP at the time of initial CXR.ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence that radiographic CWP may develop and/or progress absent further exposure, even among miners with no evidence of radiographic pneumoconiosis after leaving the industry. Former miners should undergo regular medical surveillance because of the risk for disease progression.

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Seizure Clusters in Patients With Epilepsy Is Partly Determined by Epilepsy Severity: A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhong ◽  
Qingling Chen ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Weihong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Purpose: This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the self-reported prevalence of seizure clusters (SCs) in patients with epilepsy (PWE) and its relationship with clinical characteristics.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive PWE from our hospital in northeastern China. Data were collected from the databank of a tertiary epilepsy center. Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the relationships between the individual patient demographic/clinical variables and the occurrence of SC.Results: In total, 606 consecutive PWE were included in the final analysis, and 268 (44.2%) patients experienced at least one seizure cluster. In multivariate logistic regression models, age (OR: 1.014; 95% CI: 1.002–1.027; p = 0.02), seizure frequency (OR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.555–2.783; p &lt; 0.001), multiple seizure types (OR: 5.111; 95% CI: 1.737–15.043; p = 0.003), number of current anti-seizure medications (ASM) (OR: 1.533; 95% CI: 1.15–2.042; p = 0.004), drug-resistant epilepsy (OR: 1.987; 95% CI: 1.159–3.407; p = 0.013), and a history of status epilepticus (OR: 1.903; 95% CI: 1.24–2.922; p = 0.003) were independent variables associated with a history of SC in PWE.Conclusion: Seizure clusters (SCs) are common occurrences at our study center. The occurrence of SC in individuals with epilepsy, to some extent, is determined by the epilepsy severity.

scholarly journals Anemia and iron deficiency in Mexican elderly population. Results from the Ensanut 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Contreras-Manzano ◽  
Vanessa De la Cruz ◽  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
Rosario Rebollar ◽  
Teresa Shamah-Levy
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Objective. To describe de prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) and anemia in a sample of Mexican elderly population from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut) 2012. Materials and methods. 1 920 subjects ≥60 years of age were included. Hemoglobin, serum concentrations of ferritin and CRP were measured. The risk for ID and anemia adjusted for potential confounders was assessed in logistic regression models. Results. The overall prevalence of anemia was 13.9%, 15.2% in males and 12.8% females. For ID,overall it was 4.2%, males 4.0% and females 4.3%. The greatest prevalence of ID was found in males and females over 80 years old (6.9 and 7.0%, respectively). ID was present in 1.5 of 10 Mexican elders with anemia. Conclusion. The prevalence of anemia was high in the elderly, however the prevalence of ID was low; there is a need to further investigate the causes of anemia in this age group.

scholarly journals Sleep and daytime problems during the COVID-19 pandemic and effects of coronavirus infection, confinement and financial suffering: a multinational survey using a harmonised questionnaire

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e050672
Author(s):  
Markku Partinen ◽  
Brigitte Holzinger ◽  
Charles M Morin ◽  
Colin Espie ◽  
Frances Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Excessive Sleepiness ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Daytime Function

ObjectivesSleep is important for human health and well-being. No previous study has assessed whether the COVID-19 pandemic impacts sleep and daytime function across the globe.MethodsThis large-scale international survey used a harmonised questionnaire. Fourteen countries participated during the period of May–August 2020. Sleep and daytime problems (poor sleep quality, sleep onset and maintenance problems, nightmares, hypnotic use, fatigue and excessive sleepiness) occurring ‘before’ and ‘during’ the pandemic were investigated. In total, 25 484 people participated and 22 151 (86.9%) responded to the key parameters and were included. Effects of COVID-19, confinement and financial suffering were considered. In the fully adjusted logistic regression models, results (weighted and stratified by country) were adjusted for gender, age, marital status, educational level, ethnicity, presence of sleep problems before COVID-19 and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic in each country at the time of the survey.ResultsThe responders were mostly women (64%) with a mean age 41.8 (SD 15.9) years (median 39, range 18–95). Altogether, 3.0% reported having had COVID-19; 42.2% reported having been in confinement; and 55.9% had suffered financially. All sleep and daytime problems worsened during the pandemic by about 10% or more. Also, some participants reported improvements in sleep and daytime function. For example, sleep quality worsened in about 20% of subjects and improved in about 5%. COVID-19 was particularly associated with poor sleep quality, early morning awakening and daytime sleepiness. Confinement was associated with poor sleep quality, problems falling asleep and decreased use of hypnotics. Financial suffering was associated with all sleep and daytime problems, including nightmares and fatigue, even in the fully adjusted logistic regression models.ConclusionsSleep problems, fatigue and excessive sleepiness increased significantly worldwide during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Problems were associated with confinement and especially with financial suffering.

scholarly journals Stopping when knowing: use of snus and nicotine during pregnancy in Scandinavia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 00197-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Kreyberg ◽  
Karen E.S. Bains ◽  
Kai-H. Carlsen ◽  
Berit Granum ◽  
Hrefna K. Gudmundsdóttir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Maternal History ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electronic Questionnaires ◽  
In Pregnancy

In young women, the use of snus increases in parallel with decreasing smoking rates but the  use in pregnancy is unclear. Our aims were to determine the prevalence of snus use, smoking and other nicotine-containing product use during pregnancy, and to identify predictors for snus use in pregnancy.Prevalence was determined for 2528 women in Norway and Sweden based on the Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and ALLergies (PreventADALL) study, a population-based, mother–child birth cohort. Electronic questionnaires were completed in pregnancy week 18 and/or week 34, and potential predictors of snus use were analysed using logistic regression models.Ever use of any snus, tobacco or nicotine-containing products was reported by 35.7% of women, with similar rates of snus use (22.5%) and smoking (22.6%). Overall, 11.3% of women reported any use of nicotine-containing products in pregnancy up to 34 weeks, most often snus alone (6.5%). Most women (87.2%) stopped using snus by week 6 of pregnancy.Snus use in pregnancy was inversely associated with age and positively associated with urban living and personal or maternal history of smoking. While 11.3% of women used snus or other nicotine-containing products at some time, most stopped when recognising their pregnancy. Younger, urban living, previously smoking women were more likely to use snus in pregnancy.

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