The effects of explicit instruction on L2 learners’ acquisition of verb–noun collocations

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-162
Author(s):  
Mei-Hsing Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Group A ◽  
Recognition Testing ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
English Verb

This study investigates the relative effectiveness of two methods for teaching a set of English verb–noun collocations: form-focused instruction (FFI) and concept-based instruction (CBI). The sample comprised 73 Chinese-speaking learners of English taking intermediate English courses, who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: an FFI intervention group, a CBI intervention group, and a control group. In order to determine the effects of the two instructional methods, the participants’ collocational knowledge was measured in three ways: via form recall testing, form recognition testing, and meaning recall testing. Specifically, all of the participants took pretests, immediate posttests, and one-week delayed posttests. The results of a comparison of the learning gains between the three groups showed that the CBI and FFI approaches each had a positive effect on establishing initial form–meaning relationships for verb–noun collocations. The CBI group significantly outperformed the FFI group on both collocational acquisition and retention. This result suggests that CBI’s focus on learning verbal meanings through image schemas and conceptualization practice is associated with a deeper understanding of English verb–noun collocations. The study concludes with pedagogical implications for teaching second language (L2) collocations.

scholarly journals SCENARIO BASED INSTRUCTION: A REVERSE APPROACH FOR CONCEPTUAL LEARNING IN PHYSIOLOGY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Meshram ◽  
Lalit Waghmare ◽  
Ajay Meshram ◽  
Tripti Waghmare
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Conceptual Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Traditional Lecture ◽  
Feedback Analysis ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Group B

To evaluate the gain in knowledge of first year MBBS students with the use of scenario-based teaching a reverse approach for conceptual learning in physiology a prospective interventional study was carried out in department of physiology. Methodology: 200 first year MBBS students participated in the study. 100 students (Group-A) were taken as control group to them the topic of physiology was taught by didactic method and another 100 students (Group-B) were taken as intervention group, where the same topic was taught with scenario-based instruction a reverse approach for conceptual learning in physiology. For each lecture pre and post test was taken. Five consecutive lectures were planned with this intervention. At the same time feedback forms were given to intervention group for purpose of analyzing the results qualitatively. After this intervention crossover of groups were done only for the sake of getting benefits of intervention. Results: Data obtained was analyzed statically. Pre and post test mean were taken. The results of post test (p<0.05) were found to be statistically significant when compared with pretest. As per the results of feedback forms, 90% (n=100) students agreed that the scenario based teaching is a powerful tool to understand the topic as it improves knowledge and makes learning more interesting. Conclusion: According to the MCQ and feedback analysis, the results showed that teaching topic with scenario based instruction is the better approach for making the students to learn, understand and to gain the knowledge of physiology lectures rather than by traditional lecture alone.

scholarly journals The Repercussion of Ai Chi on Aged People’s Balance

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-256
Author(s):  
Pablo Javier Olabe Sánchez ◽  
Andrés Martínez-Almagro Andreo
Keyword(s):  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

To practice strength and balance activities are shown as useful tools to fall prevention by diverse metanalysis. On the other side, aquatic environment offers interesting properties for a therapeutic reeducation, being the Ai Chi one of its applications. Aim: To evaluate the repercussion of an Ai Chi programme on aged people’s balance. Method: A randomized controlled trial was developed comparing two groups formed by aged people with risk of fall according to the Timed Up & Go test. Intervention Group (IG) followed twelve Ai Chi sessions combined with their thermal programme; and Control Group (CG) just followed the thermal programme. Both groups spent two weeks in the Balneario of Archena (Murcia, Spain). Results: Both groups improve their balance; however, only the IG reached the non-risk of fall from the Timed Up & Go test. Conclusions: The combination of Ai Chi sessions and a thermal programme had a positive effect on aged people’s balance, showing a therapeutic and clinical relevance.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF AROGYA KASHAYAM-20 IN COVID-19 CASES - A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Shukla ◽  
Nitin Ujjaliya
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
Negative Conversion

Introduction: The characteristic clinical features of Covid-19 disease range between asymptomatic to mild-moderate symptoms. Studies suggest that a large population (80%) presents its asymptomatic or milder form. Remaining 20 percent, owing to severity of the diseases, need hospital-based care. Many treatment protocols and strategies have been promoted and recommended by authorities including WHO, but nothing has actually been finalized till date. The present study was planned to evaluate the effectiveness of an Ayurvedic formulation viz. Arogya Kashayam-20 in the hospitalized cases of Covid-19.Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Arogya Kashayam-20 in the cases of COVID-19 particularly the negative conversion of RTPCR in 10 days duration.Material and Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted at COVID-19 Care Center, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Government Ayurveda College &amp; Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh with a sample size of 112 participants, aged between 16 to 60 years of either sex. Participants were divided in two groups viz. group A and B. Both the groups received Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), vitamin C and Zinc as per the prevailing ICMR guidelines and group 'A' received additionally Arogya Kashayam-20 for 10 days. Outcome measure of the study was to see the negative conversion RT-PCR test after intervention period of 10 days. CTRI Registration: CTRI/2020/06/026221. Results: Among the 60 cases registered in study group (group A), 51 cases (85.00%) were reported with negative RTPCR on 10th day. Out of 52 cases registered in control group (group B); 39 cases (75.00%) were tested negative RTPCR on 10th day. In both the groups all the cases were discharged asymptomatically on 10th day as per the prevailing ICMR guidelines. No ADR/AE observed during the intervention period.Conclusion: The study observes that the add on intervention group has a better outcome in terms of RT-PCR negative reports after 10 days comparing to the control group.

scholarly journals Effect of high fiber breakfast cereal consumption at suhur on satiety and digestive symptoms during the month of Ramadan

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Dana Alkhatib
Keyword(s):  
Regular Function ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
The People ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction: Fasting during Ramadan involves large changes in daily eating   patterns which strongly impacts the daily biorhythm, and challenges the regular function of the digestive tract. In the UAE, more than seven out of ten children and adolescents consume less fiber than recommended. A common problem reported  during Ramadan is poor digestion health accompanied by an increase in the      occurrence of constipation. Objective: To assess satiety, bowel habits, body    composition, blood glycaemia, and blood lipidemia after the consumption of high fiber All Bran cereal at Suhur meal. Methodology: This research study is a controlled, randomized, parallel-design study. Subjects (n= 45) consumed either 90g of All Bran Raisins (11g/100g fiber) or 90g All Bran Flakes (15g/100g) at Suhur for 20     consecutive days compared with control group (n= 36). Results: After 20 days,   significant differences were found for the intervention group for appetite, digestive symptoms and lipid outcomes. Fifteen minutes after Suhur, 100% of the high fiber intervention group (n=45) and 32% of the control group (n=36) experienced     satisfaction after the meal. Eight hours later, 53% of the control group and 23% of the intervention group felt hungry. Bloating symptoms were significantly improved for intervention group compared to the control group and had improved bowel     functioning (60.5%, 48.6%; P < 0.001, respectively). The high fiber group had    significant higher fiber intakes: the control group stayed at 18.5g fiber per day while in the intervention group fiber intake increased from 18 to 25.5g fiber/day. There were no significant changes in body weight, % body fat, and BMI after 20 days for both groups. Moreover, cholesterol and LDL levels have increased significantly in the control group but were maintained in intervention group. Finally, there was no    significant increase in blood glucose and triglycerides for the control group.    Conclusions: There is a clear positive effect of consuming high fiber breakfast cereal on health and wellbeing during Ramadan with better satiety, improved bowel   functions, and blood lipids. Increasing the intake of dietary fiber/day in Ramadan would have many health benefits for the people in the Arab Gulf countries. This  research was funded and supported by Kellogg EMEA.

Effect of Beta-casomorphin-7 on Renal Function and Immunity in Aging Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yin ◽  
Fangpeng Chen ◽  
Xiaqing Su ◽  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Gain Rate ◽  
Group A ◽  
Medium Dose

Background: Most studies have shown that Beta-Casomorphin-7 (BCM-7) has many physiological functions, this study aims to investigate the effects of BCM-7 on renal function and immunity in naturally aging mice and to reveal the effects of BCM-7 on health and provide more theoretical reference for inflammatory aging.Methods: All mice were weighed weekly and the organ indexes were calculated, Paraffin sections were prepared for kidney histopathological examination with conventional Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining, renal function indexes and cytokines were main measured by ELISA and biochemical colorimetry.Result: The weight of each group increased during gastric perfusion and the higher the intervention concentration, the lower the weight gain rate. The renal index was not affected by BCM-7, but the spleen index was significantly decreased by medium-dose BCM-7. There were inflammatory cell infiltration and other renal lesions in the aging control group and intervention group. A medium dose of BCM-7 can significantly reduce Cystatin C (Cys-C) content in aging mice, the content of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in aged mice decreased with the increase of BCM-7 intervention dose. BCM-7 and aging caused cytokine imbalance in mice.

Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan dengan Lembar Balik Terhadap Perilaku Pemberian Asi pada Ibu Post Partum

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Luluk Fajria Maulida
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control ◽  
Breastfeeding Attitude

 One of the obstacles in breastfeeding attitude is the lack of lactation communication and counseling. Breastfeeding health education is designed to enforce healthy lifestyle of breastfeeding by delivering proof based information. Flipchart media usage can be easily understood by health counsellors and clients. The study is to investigate the influence of health education using flipchart over breastfeeding attitude in post-partum mothers. This research was used a quasi experiment design with posttest only design with control group. A random assignment sampling design was used to 42 respondents which were divided into 2 groups; intervention group and control group. The samples were randomized using numbers and were divided into intervention and control group. The intervention group was given health education after delivery and questionnaires were given in intervention and control group a week after postpartum. The average score postpartum maternal behavior in the intervention group (18,43) is higher than the control group (15,14). The results of chi square test p = 0.00; RR = 3.16; CI = 1,58-6,31. External variables related to the behavior of breastfeeding is the education level of p = 0.02. Health education using flipchart significantly affects breastfeeding behavior in postpartum mothers.

scholarly journals Effect of Flowable Thrombin-Containing Collagen-Based Hemostatic Matrix for Preventing Pancreatic Fistula after Pancreatectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3085
Author(s):  
Yejong Park ◽  
Jae Hyung Ko ◽  
Dae Ryong Kang ◽  
Jun Hyeok Lee ◽  
Dae Wook Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Fistula ◽  
Distal Pancreatectomy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drain Removal ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Group A

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a flowable hemostatic matrix, and their effects for postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreatectomy. Methods: This was a randomized, clinical, single-center, single-blind (participant), non-inferiority, phase IV, and parallel-group trial. The primary endpoint was the incidence of POPF. The secondary endpoints were risk factors for POPF, drain removal days, incidence of complication, 90-day mortality, and length of hospital stay. Results: This study evaluated a total of 53 patients, of whom 26 patients were in the intervention group (flowable hemostatic matrix) and 27 patients were in the control group (thrombin-coated collagen patch). POPF was more common in the control group than in the intervention group (59.3% vs. 30.8%, p = 0.037). Among participants who underwent distal pancreatectomy, POPF (33.3% vs. 92.3%, p = 0.004), and clinically relevant POPF (8.3% vs. 46.2%, p = 0.027) was more common in the control group. A multivariate logistic regression model identified flowable hemostatic matrix use as an independent negative risk factor for POPF, especially in cases of distal pancreatectomy (DP) (odds ratio 17.379, 95% confidential interval 1.453–207.870, p = 0.024). Conclusion: Flowable hemostatic matrix application is a simple, feasible, and effective method of preventing POPF after pancreatectomy, especially for patients with DP. Non-inferiority was demonstrated in the efficacy of preventing POPF in the intervention group compared to the control group.

Enhancing Listening Comprehension Through Kinesthetic Rhythm Training

RELC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 003368822094130
Author(s):  
Bradford J Lee
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Japanese University ◽  
Input Enhancement ◽  
Pronunciation Instruction ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Traditional Grammar

Research has suggested that the type and frequency of learning strategies employed by successful listeners is greater than their less successful counterparts. Based on evidence that metacognitive strategies (e.g. listening-for-gist; inferring meaning) are more effective than cognitive ones (e.g. word-for-word translation), this study sought to measure the effect that rhymical training had on the listening comprehension acuity of 313 Japanese university students. The theoretical basis was that rhythmical priming assists learners parse the input based on prosody and identify salient words by stress. Small but significant increases were observed among students who were rhythmically trained, compared to a comparison group that received explicit instruction but no rhythm training, and a “true” control group that received no treatment. These results extend the feasibility of input enhancement, rhythmic priming, and perception-based instruction beyond the traditional grammar and pronunciation instruction domains.

scholarly journals A 10-Month Physical Activity Intervention Improves Body Composition in Young Black Boys

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Howe ◽  
Ryan A. Harris ◽  
Bernard Gutin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
After School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Black Boys ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group A

Objective. To determine if a 10-month after-school physical activity (PA) intervention could prevent deleterious changes in body composition and cardiovascular (CV) fitness in young black boys.Methods. Following baseline measures, 106 boys (8–12 yrs) were randomized to either a control group or an intervention group, further divided into attenders (ATT) and nonattenders (NATT), participating in ≥60% or <60% of the intervention, respectively. The daily intervention consisted of skills development (25 min), vigorous PA (VPA, 35 min), and strengthening/stretching (20 min) components. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Results. Following the intervention, the ATT exhibited an increase in moderate-to-vigorous PA and a significant reduction in BMI, fat mass, and %BF compared to the control group. A significant association among the intervention energy expenditure and changes in body composition and CV fitness was observed only in the ATT group.Conclusion. An after-school PA program of sufficient length and intensity can promote healthy changes in body composition and fitness levels in black boys who attend at least 3 days/week.

The Effects of Communicative Pronunciation Instruction on Suprasegmental Performance in an EFL Context

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Nasrin Shah Mohammad Nazari ◽  
Atefeh Sadat Mirsaeeidi
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Pronunciation Instruction ◽  
Picture Description ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Learned Features

This study investigated the effects of communicative suprasegmental instruction on Iranian EFL learners’ pronunciation performance. To this end, 24 pre-intermediate EFL learners were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group receiving communicative pronunciation instruction in which after receiving conventional explicit instruction students were given communicative tasks to practice learned features, and the control group receiving only conventional explicit exercise-based instruction. The learners’ pronunciations were assessed in controlled read-aloud and communicative picture-description/picture-driven contexts in terms of two suprasegmental features (i.e. compound words stress and interrogative intonation). The results of the study revealed that the explicit exercise-based instruction was significantly effective in controlled contexts but modestly effective in communicative picture-description and picture-driven tasks. On the contrary, communicative pronunciation instruction was not only significantly effective in the controlled context but also in communicative tasks. This finding reveals that communicative suprasegmental instruction is more effective than conventional explicit instruction in both controlled and communicative language production contexts. In the end, some pedagogical implications of the findings are also discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document