scholarly journals The new gendered labour of synchronisation: Temporal labour in the new world of work

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Woodman ◽  
Julia Cook
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
New World ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Work Patterns ◽  
Standard Work ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
Employment Security ◽  
High Employment ◽  
Disproportionate Burden ◽  
Selection Of

Research considering how time is organised has shown that women tend to carry a disproportionate burden of coordinating the schedules of their households. However, little research has considered how these gendered inequalities may manifest in the context of the shift away from ‘standard’ work patterns and towards variable and non-standard hours. We address this question by using interview and digital data to consider how a selection of ‘ordinary’ Australian young adults in heterosexual partnerships manage and coordinate their time. We contend that even for middle-class young adults with relatively high employment security, increasingly complex working arrangements are shifting existing inequalities in gendered divisions of temporal labour in ways that heighten feelings of temporal insecurity. We conceptualise our findings as part of an intensification of the existing need to schedule and manage lives that is widely felt in the so-called ‘gig economy era’, even by those removed from gig work proper.

Generalization with Precision: The Role of Negative Teaching Examples in the Instruction of Generalized Grocery Item Selection

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Horner ◽  
Richard W. Albin ◽  
Ginevera Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Item Selection ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Correct Rejection ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Selection Of

For generalization to be functional, it must occur with a precision that results in acquired responses occurring under appropriate, nontrained conditions, and acquired responses not occurring under inappropriate, nontrained conditions. This study examines the effect of differing types of negative teaching examples on the precision with which generalized grocery item selection is learned. Within a split-multiple baseline design, six young adults identified as mildly, moderately, or severely mentally retarded were trained to select or to reject grocery items using picture cards as cues. The dependent variables were correct selection of 10 trained “positive” grocery items and the correct rejection of 20 nontrained “negative” grocery items in a nontrained grocery store. Participants were trained in a grocery store to select 10 positive grocery examples matching their picture cards and to reject either (a) a set of negative examples that were maximally different from the positive examples, or (b) a set of negative examples that were minimally different from the positive examples. Both training sets resulted in participants correctly selecting the 10 positive items in a nontrained store. Training with the “minimally different” negative examples was functionally related to improved rejection of nontrained negative items in the nontrained store. The implications of teaching with minimally different, negative examples are discussed.

From Coarse to Fine: An Augmented Reality Based Dynamic Inspection Method for Visualized Railway Routing of Freight Cars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yi ◽  
Renkai Sun ◽  
Long Liu ◽  
Yongfeng Song ◽  
Yinggui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Envelope Model ◽  
Freight Car ◽  
Cargo Transportation ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract It is a challenge for the dynamic inspection of railway route for freight car transporting cargo that out-of-gauge. One possible way is using the inspection frame installed in the inspection train to simulate the whole procedure for cargo transportation, which costs a lot of manpower and material resources as well as time. To overcome the above problem, this paper proposes an augmented reality (AR) based dynamic inspection method for visualized railway routing of freight car with out-of-gauge. First, the envelope model of the dynamic moving train with out-of-gauge cargo is generated by using the orbital spectrum of the railway, and the envelope model is matched with a piece of homemade calibration equipment located on the position of the railway that needs to be inspected. Then, the structure from motion (SFM) algorithm is used to reconstruct the environment where the virtual envelope model occludes the buildings or equipment along the railway. Finally, the distance function is adopted to calculate the distance between the obstacle and the envelope of the freight car with out-of-gauge, determining whether the freight car can pass a certain line. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs well for the route selection of out-of-gauge cargo transportation with low cost, high precision, and high efficiency. Moreover, the digital data of the environments along the railway and the envelope of the freight car can be reused, which will increase the digitalization and intelligence for route selection of out-of-gauge cargo transportation.

scholarly journals Report of the Odessa City Psychiatric Hospital for 1906, compiled by the doctors of the hospital

1907 ◽  
Vol XIV (3-4) ◽  
pp. 205-206
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The report is a careful selection of digital data that illuminate in detail and visually the aspects of hospital life for the reporting year, especially since these data are organized into interesting general conclusions.

scholarly journals Role of Scaling Factor in Robust Digital Watermarking

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1658-1669
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Scaling Factor ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Copyright Authentication ◽  
Selection Of

Digital watermarking has been identified as an efficient tool to provide copyright authentication and protection of digital data. Robustness and Imperceptibility are the two key parameters in designing of watermarking system. It is always desired to design a watermarking system that provides excellent robustness to malicious attacks and the watermark is invisible to human eyes. The robustness and imperceptibility can be controlled by choosing an effective scaling factor. Scaling factor decides on the amount of insertion of watermark in the host image. Higher the value of scaling factor more visible the watermark will be in watermarked image, this leads to poor imperceptibility. However the increase in scaling factor leads to a more robust watermarking system. Finding a trade-off among both is the key issue of research in this area. This paper aims at describing the effect of selection of scaling factor on robustness and imperceptibility by taking different values of scaling factor during each watermarking process. The empirical analysis done in this work shows robustness can be improved at the cost of imperceptibility and vice-versa.

Dentists' selection of measures for assessment of oral health risk factors for Finnish young adults

1999 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari E. Helminen ◽  
Miira Vehkalahti ◽  
Taina-Mari Ketomäki ◽  
Heikki Murtomaa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Selection Of

Primer for a New World

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Estefanía Yunes Vincke
Keyword(s):  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Cultural Contact ◽  
Basin Of Mexico ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe Cartilla para enseñar a leer (1569), attributed to Flemish Franciscan Pedro de Gante, was one of the most important primers from the early years of the viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevertheless, the primer's importance during the process of cultural contact has been largely ignored. As did other primers of the period, the Cartilla contained the most important prayers, but what sets the Cartilla aside is that its selection of prayers is presented in a trilingual version, in Castilian, Latin, and Nahuatl. The content of the Cartilla invites the question as to why Gante, a missionary focused on writing doctrinal works in Nahuatl, would compose a primer that is trilingual, but raises another that is perhaps more perplexing: Why were most of the prayers in Castilian? In this article, I intend to shed a light on Gante's decision to create a complex tool that could be employed by a mixed audience of Castilian, creole, mestizo and Nahua children. By doing this, Gante unwittingly started a process of cultural contact in which language played a pivotal role. The Cartilla thus presents itself as a multifaceted tool that helped shaped the culture of the Basin of Mexico during the early years of the viceroyalty.

scholarly journals METHODS OF DECODING DATA USING BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CULTURE PRACTICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Tetiana Sovhyra
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Interactive Art ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Algorithmic Analysis ◽  
Artistic Product ◽  
Selection Of

The article is a comprehensive analysis of projects aimed at studying AI technologies and culture interaction. The author examines the specifics and uniqueness of art works created through AI-technologies using examples of projects from “ThoughtWorks Arts Global Research”, “Innovation Laboratory of New Technologies”, “Isolation Foundation” and “IZONE Creative Association”. The article analyzes the principle of selection of materials, algorithmic analysis of data, the interdependence of digital data received from the user's brain impulses with audiovisual content, the possibility of instant data processing in the process of creating an artistic product. The author explores the principles of tracking brain function and decoding human genetic data, which are used to create art projects. The article assesses the potential that AI possesses and explains the conditions necessary for the implementation of AI-technology in culture. As a result of the study, the author revealed that through algorithmic analysis it is possible to transform digital data into a system of expressive signs of visual and sound arts, to broadcast the received audiovisual content. The author finds out that through these technologies it is possible to create interactive art forms (interactive film, installations, immersive presentations, etc.).

scholarly journals Job Insecurity and Mental Well-Being in Finland, Norway, and Sweden

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Vulkan ◽  
Antti Saloniemi ◽  
Jørgen Svalund ◽  
Anna Väisänen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Income Security ◽  
Employment Security ◽  
High Employment ◽  
Mental Well Being

This article describes how the flexicurity arrangement of low job security, high employment security, and good income security advocated by various authors affects the mental well-being of employees. Data are derived from a survey carried out in 2010–2011 among employees in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The main findings are that all three forms of cognitive security (the perceived risk) have an independent effect on mental well-being and that the worry of insecurity (the affective component) mediates the relationship with mental well-being. The interaction effects show that high levels of employment security can alleviate the detrimental effects of job insecurity on mental well-being. No similar interaction effect was found with job insecurity and income security. The results are discussed in relation to the institutional arrangements of the Nordic countries’ welfare states, concluding that the high employment security needed for a successful flexicurity arrangement requires either low levels of unemployment or effective and extensive active labor market programs. Flexicurity is thus susceptible to economic turmoil and requires further labor market investments, even in the Nordic countries.

scholarly journals Selection of Crowd in Crowdsourcing for Smart Intelligent Applications: A Systematic Mapping Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Rui Shang ◽  
YongMei Ma ◽  
Farhad Ali ◽  
ChuanShuang Hu ◽  
Shah Nazir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Systematic Mapping Study ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Systematic Mapping ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Human Crowd ◽  
Conference Papers ◽  
Selection Of

Crowdsourcing is a task-solving model in which human crowd is hired to solve a particular task. During the crowdsourcing process, the crowd selection is performed in order to select appropriate crowd workers for a specific task; without appropriate selection of crowd workers, the process of crowdsourcing is aimless. The main goal of this paper was to identify the features of crowd in crowdsourcing activity, reasons behind crowd participation in the activity of crowdsourcing, and the existing techniques that were utilized for crowd selection in crowdsourcing. Search strings with corresponding keywords were used to capture relevant studies related to crowdsourcing, and crowd selection was classified under conference papers, journal articles, proceedings, and book chapters. 81 relevant studies are selected from 7 digital data repositories using a search strategy. In crowdsourcing practices, crowd selection was considerably addressed. Nonetheless, it has been noticed that the selection is based only on a single crowd worker attribute such as confidence, past success, efficiency, and experience. For the efficiency and effectiveness of the crowdsourcing operation, crowd selection on multicriteria features is essential.

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