scholarly journals Men and women’s prisons in the Portuguese press: The gender of punishment

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Saavedra ◽  
Eunice C Seixas ◽  
Miguel Cameira ◽  
Ana M Silva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Control ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Prison Life ◽  
Women's Prisons ◽  
Media Construction ◽  
The Media ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
Male Inmates

Since prison life is out of common people’s sight, the media have a particularly important role in legitimating or, conversely, de-legitimating public discourses and policies about punishment, incarceration and rehabilitation. In the present study, our analysis was grounded in 83 news, 55 of these about men prisons, 24 about women prisons and 4 news about public policies in general, although having specificities about men’s and women’s prisons published in a Portuguese national newspaper between 2005 and 2014. The analysis suggests that, with very few exceptions, gender is an important issue in the media construction for men's and women's prisons and male and female inmates; gender norms of masculinity and femininity are essentialized, justifying different practices of control in prison policies. Dangerous, violent, resistant and manipulative male inmates call for prison policies based on risk control and managerialism, whereas docile and reliable female inmates call for policies grounded on rehabilitation but also security. Apart from this representation, our analysis also shows that the news, in general, tends to align with a reformist approach, failing to interrogate the wider role of imprisonment in social control or to discuss its alternatives.

Understanding prisons’ inner organisation

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-220
Author(s):  
Marie Lecomte-Tilouine ◽  
Mohan Singh Rana
Keyword(s):  
Female Inmates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Prison Life

The fact that voices of the prisoners are absent in the few studies devoted to prison life in Nepal is no doubt related to the difficulty of conducting inquiries in such a context, which strongly limits our understanding of prisons. This article seeks to portray the functioning of prisons in Nepal from the inside, through the inmates’ narratives. It addresses the prison’s inner organisation and the role of ‘convict officers’. It is based on a study conducted in 2012 and 2013 with convicted male and female inmates belonging to different castes as well as the discussions with the staff of the prison administration, the prison directors and the police.

Sex Differences in Inmates: Anger, Sensitivity to Provocation and Family History of Imprisonment

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110491
Author(s):  
Marta Bodecka-Zych ◽  
Anna Zajenkowska ◽  
Mary Bower Russa
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incarcerated Populations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Prisoners

Little research has explored the role of aggression, anger, and family history of incarceration as they relate to female offenders. The current study aimed to address this gap in the literature by investigating these possible risk factors for incarceration among both men and women. The survey involved 123 (61 female and 62 male) prisoners convicted for violent crimes and a comparison group of 118 (60 female and 58 male) adults from the community. We found that women (convicted and non-convicted) were more sensitive to provocation than men, while community adults showed higher levels of trait anger than prisoners. Detainees were more likely than community adults to have a relative in prison. Although male and female inmates were equally likely to have a relative in prison, they differed in their relation to the imprisoned relative. Male and female prisoners showed increased risk for incarceration of same sex, first degree relatives (father and brothers for men, and mothers for women). These results may contribute to improved understanding of incarcerated populations. As such, this represents a critical first step in creating recovery programs that are more gender appropriate.

scholarly journals The role of media in the construction of social reality

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Nišić ◽  
Divna Plavšić
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Construction ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Th is paper analyzes the concept of media construction of reality and its impacton society. Recognizing the growing infl uence and importance of themedia in a man’s daily life, it can be said that the media and media cultureitself are an important factor in modern society. Th e media have the abilityto place information and to provide to the citizens-consumers to accept themwithout critical and conscious interpretation and real understanding. An importantfactor in the development of the media is and technological advancesthat contributed to the rapid spread of the media and gave more power to thepresentation of reality and the state of society as it corresponds to the creatorsand the “constructors” of that reality. By understanding Baudrillard and hisunderstanding of the simulation, we will present the impact and role of themedia in constructing the social reality (simulation of reality).

scholarly journals “Death Groups”: The Media Construction of a Social Problem in the Post-Truth Society

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Roman V. Zholud ◽  
Viktoria V. Fursova
Keyword(s):  
Social Problem ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Media Representation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Construction ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

The article discusses the features of media construction of a social problem by the Russian media on the example of the case of “death groups” (2015–2017) in the context of the influence of post-truth society on mass communication. The analysis reveals factors that form the misstatement in vision of a social problem; an analogy is drawn with the spread of fake news in the media. Special attention is paid to the role of the government in the media construction of the social problem of “death groups” and its ideological content. Based on the study, it is concluded that in post-truth society, media construction of a social problem proceeds with an emotional, uncritical perception of false, ideologically sharpened information. The gathered facts show a dismatch between the media representation of “death groups” and their real social sense.

The Role of Impulsivity in Antisocial and Violent Behavior and Personality Disorders Among Incarcerated Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Komarovskaya ◽  
Ann Booker Loper ◽  
Janet Warren
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Prison Violence ◽  
Nonviolent Offenders ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Institutional Infractions ◽  
Personality Psychopathology ◽  
Male Inmates

This study investigated the relationships among impulsivity, antisocial and violent behavior, and personality disorders in 590 female inmates of a maximum-security female prison. Measures included the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Prison Violence Inventory, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders Screening Questionnaire, numbers of institutional infractions recorded in inmate files, and violent versus nonviolent offending. Results showed that impulsivity was associated with personality psychopathology and aggressive and antisocial behavior. In contrast to findings of studies with male inmates, female violent offenders did not demonstrate higher levels of impulsivity than nonviolent offenders.

scholarly journals Mental health status among male and female methamphetamine-dependent inmates in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ohnishi ◽  
R Kawasaki ◽  
H Nakane
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Male Inmates ◽  
Distress Scale

Abstract Background Although the prevalence of drug addiction in Japan is lower than that of in European and/or American countries, the number of methamphetamine-related arrests in this decade has exceeded 10,000 every year, with 66.2% of the arrests made in 2017 being of re-offenders. This study was performed to assess the mental health status among prison inmates whose sentences were related to methamphetamine use. Methods Face-to-face individual interviews using a questionnaire including self-rated health questions (answered on a 4-point Likert scale) and the Kessler 6-item psychological distress scale (K6, range: 0-24) was established by the authors and conducted with 30 methamphetamine-dependent inmates (15 male and 15 female inmates) in Japan. Results The age of inmates ranged from the 20s to the 70s. The median time served in adulthood was 5 (range: 2 - 12) among male inmates, and 4.5 (range: 2 - 12) among female inmates (Mann-Whitney U test, P = 0.202). The median K6 scores were 4 (0-8) for the male inmates and 6 (1-17) for the female inmates (Mann-Whitney U test, P = 0.074). The cut-off point for K6 exhibited variation, and the authors considered a participant psychologically distressed if K6 was 10 or higher. Six (40.0%) female inmates were found to be psychologically distressed, which was a higher proportion than among the male inmates (0.0%) (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.017). Regarding self-rated health, 13 (86.7%) of both male and female inmates reported being in “very good/good health” (Cochran-Armitage Test, P ¬= 1.000). There was no statistical correlation between the K6 scores and the self-rated health scores among the male inmates (ρ = 0.148, P = 0.599) or the female inmates (ρ = -0.499, P = 0.058). Conclusions Although the interviewees were not representative samples, the male inmates demonstrated better mental health status than the female inmates did; however, there was no difference in self-rated health between the two genders. Key messages The male inmates demonstrated better mental health status than the female inmates did; however, there was no difference in self-rated health between the two genders. Gender differences in mental health status among inmates, should be considered when a drug addiction recovery program is implemented to ensure the successful prevention of relapse.

scholarly journals Forvaltningens organisering og mediernes placering af det politiske ansvar

Politik ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bjerre Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Railway Company ◽  
The Media ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Under what conditions and to what extent is a minister attributed responsibility in the media when things go wrong within an agency or an enterprise that belongs to the jurisdiction of the minister’s department? This question about delegation and responsibility is important, but has never been subject to systematic empirical analysis. Based on a coding of more than 5,000 Danish national newspaper articles about the Danish national railway company (DSB) from 1995 to 2007, this paper examines the role of the minister of transportation more closely. 

scholarly journals IMAJINASI DESA IMPIAN: Konstruksi Media dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata di Desa Ranuklindungan Kabupaten Pasuruan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Sulis Tia Ningsih ◽  
Ucha Jaya Sucipta Jaya Sucipta ◽  
Maurina Suryaning Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Media Construction ◽  
The Face ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Ideal

The visualization of Rural development today is largely the result of mass media construction, as evidenced by the proliferation of village tourism as a pilot village for other regions. Indirectly the media will represent the ideal Village so that the development that is formed today can not be separated from the interference of mass media.Urgensi of this research is to see the ideal Village development which is sometimes considered to be opposite with the opinions and expectations of the community. The main purpose of this research is to describe how the Village Elite, PKK group and Local heroes who play a role in mobilizing the community to build and improve the area of origin independently. They are the subject of research studies in envisioning their own version of the ideal Village in the middle of the tourism tour, the construction of toll roads, theconstruction of the framming of mass media and further describing the role of media in theideal Village in the wider community. The research uses qualitative descriptive method when it is considered important to be done considering the majority of development today based on the interests but the face of equity welfare. The result of this research is the inclusion of the Tourism Village to be the reason to change the face of the careless suburban village with the environment into environmentally conscious tourism village as well as eliminating the 'Village' entity itself, further mass media becomes an instrument to construct and build people's critical reason

scholarly journals Local Issue, National Media, and Global Implication: Media Construction of Reality about Qanun of Aceh Polemic

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Yuhdi Fahrimal ◽  
M. Isnaini ◽  
Apriliyanti Pratiwi ◽  
Hamida Syari Harahap ◽  
Wien Kuntarie
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Media Construction ◽  
National Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Control

Polemic endorsement Qanun Number 3 of 2013 on Flag and the Symbol of Aceh has reached the stage of open conflict between Indonesia Government and Aceh Government. This conflict is constructed by the media using various framing devices. The consequence of media framing is the escalation of public opinion towards one-way interpretation of the media. In building a peaceful climate, the media has a very important role. The role of the media is not merely a transmitter of information and control of social reality, but the media plays a role in improving and providing citizens with a better understanding of the importance of sustainable peace for successful development.

Prison Culture as Rape Supportive: Applying Importation and Deprivation Models to Examine Inmate Beliefs

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052097818
Author(s):  
Shannon K. Fowler ◽  
Ashley G. Blackburn ◽  
Wesley T. Smith ◽  
Janet L. Mullings
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Prison Life ◽  
Inmate Population ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
And Behaviors

While research examining sexual violence in prison has increased over the past 15 years, relatively scant attention has been paid to rape supportive beliefs and the factors influencing inmate adherence to these beliefs. Given the demonstrated role from studies outside the prison context that rape supportive beliefs have on sexual violence, important parallels can be drawn from studying the inmate population. Importation and deprivation models have been used to explain how inmates adapt to prison life—whether attitudes and behaviors are imported from their lives outside prison or are developed in prison due to the conditions of incarceration. Using a sample of male and female inmates ( n = 875) from a large state prison system in the southern United States, the researchers explored the degree to which inmate rape supportive beliefs (IRSB) were influenced by variables indicative of importation or deprivation models of prison adaption. Findings revealed greater support for importation variables among both male and female inmates. With some variation, measures such as gender, age, ethnicity, and education were significant in explaining IRSB, similar to findings of studies on rape supportive beliefs among noninmate samples. Because these beliefs can manifest in problematic attitudes and behaviors among inmates, such as prison sexual violence and the underreporting of such violence, it is important that correctional administrators understand this relationship and take steps to lessen IRSB. Since IRSB largely correlate with factors unrelated to conditions of confinement, efforts to educate and sensitize inmates to prison sexual violence can replicate best practices based on populations outside of prisons.

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