Network ties and survival

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Acheampong ◽  
Bedman Narteh ◽  
John Rand
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rural Ghana ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Poultry Farming

Poultry farming has been touted as one of the major ways by which poverty can be reduced in low-income economies like Ghana. Yet, anecdotally there is a high failure rate among these poultry farms. This current study seeks to understand the relationship between network ties and survival chances of small commercial poultry farms (SCPFs). We utilize data from a 2-year network survey of SCPFs in rural Ghana. The survival of these poultry farms are modelled using a lagged probit model of farms that persisted from 2014 into 2015. We find that network ties are important to the survival chances of the SCPFs in Ghana. Distribution ties are associated with negative survival chances and this is not even reversed if the human capital of the owner increases although managers with higher human capital and higher distribution ties experience positive effects. Industry ties are associated with positive ties but this probability reduces as the number of industry ties increases but moderation with dynamic capability of the firm reverses this trend. Our findings show that not all network ties aid survival and therefore small commercial poultry farmers need to be circumspect in the network ties they cultivate and develop.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON POULTRY POPULATION, PRODUCTION (EGG AND MEAT) AND DISTRIBUTION IN NEPAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Roshan Kumar Yadav ◽  
Rabindra Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Hill Region ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Poultry Flock ◽  
Duck Egg ◽  
Hen Egg ◽  
Poultry Farming

Poultry farming is integral part of agriculture in Nepal which accounts about 3.5% of total Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This review was done to study the population ,production (egg and meat) and distribution of poultry in Nepal. In order to meet the demand of poultry produce, the commercial poultry population has increased about more than double the last decade. The recent data of 2018/19 shows the total number of laying hens and ducks are 12.52 million and 0.19 million respectively whereas total chicks production of Broilers, Layers and kuroilers are 25-30(×106), 1.5-1.75(×106) and 2.5-3(×106) respectively with breeder stock population of 2 million birds. Likewise, the total hen egg and duck egg are 1534.68 million and 15 million respectively. Also the total chicken and duck meat is 62899 MT and 353 MT respectively. In Nepal, the national poultry flock includes chickens, ducks, pigeons and other birds that are kept in different production system. Chitwan, Kathmandu and Kaski are major districts with higher number of poultry farms followed by rural people which is under the free range system and low input. The higher number of poultry is concentrated in hill region followed by terai and mountain region. Conversely, the population of duck is higher in terai followed by hill and mountain region.

scholarly journals Influences of artificial intelligence (AI) awareness on career competency and job burnout

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Kong ◽  
Yue Yuan ◽  
Yehuda Baruch ◽  
Naipeng Bu ◽  
Xinyu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Career Competencies

Purpose The prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) has considerably affected management and society. This paper aims to explore its potential impact on hospitality industry employees, bringing enlightenment to both employees and managers. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a survey of 432 employees who worked in full-service hotels in China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. Findings Results presented a positive relationship between AI awareness and job burnout. No significant direct relationship was found between AI awareness and career competencies. Organizational commitment mediated the relationship between AI awareness and career competencies, as well as the relationship between AI awareness and job burnout. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to human resource management in the hospitality industry to theoretical and practical aspects. Theoretically, it enriched both career theory and fit theory. Practically, this study reminds managers to pay attention to the adverse effect of AI on human capital. It also enlightens the manager to think of the positive effects that AI may bring. Managers should provide proper support to overcome AI’s threat to human resources. Practical implications Practically, this study reminds managers to pay attention to the adverse effect of AI on human capital. It also enlightens the manager to think of the positive effects that AI may bring. Managers should provide proper support to overcome AI’s threat to human resources. Originality/value The study aims to analyze the impact of AI from a career perspective. It provided theoretical support and evidence for hotel managers for the effects of AI awareness on hotel employees. The study conveys a potential topic of concern that the hospitality industry may face in the future.

Education, Work and Wages in the UK

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bingley ◽  
Ian Walker ◽  
Yu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Budget Constraint ◽  
Return To Education ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Work Education ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper is concerned with the relationship between education, wages and working behaviour. The work is partly motivated by the sharp distinction in the literature between the returns to education and the effect of wages on labour supply. Education is the investment that cumulates in the form of human capital while labour supply is the utilization rate of that stock. Yet, variation in education is usually the basis for identifying labour supply models - education is assumed to determine wages but not affect labour supply. Moreover, it is commonly assumed that the private rate of return to education can be found from the schooling coefficient in a log-wage equation. Yet, the costs of education are largely independent of its subsequent utilization but the benefits will be higher the greater the utilization rate. Thus the returns will depend on how intensively that capital is utilized and we would expect that those who intend to work least to also invest least in human capital. Indeed, the net (of tax liabilities and welfare entitlements) return to education will be a complex function of labour supply and budget constraint considerations. Here we attempt to model the relationship between wages, work, education and the tax/welfare system allowing for the endogeneity of education as well for the correlations between the unobservable components of wages and working behaviour. We use the estimates to simulate the effect of a new UK policy designed to increase education for children from low-income households.

scholarly journals Internet Usage, Human Capital and CO2 Emissions: A Global Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8268
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yubing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
High Income ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
The Relationship

Under the background of dealing with global warming, the widespread use of the internet provides a new idea for countries to develop a low-carbon economy at the right time. Based on the panel data of 70 countries from 1995–2018, this paper empirically analyzes the relationship between internet usage, human capital, and CO2 emissions under different levels of economic development by using system GMM and a threshold regression model. The results show that internet usage and human capital are essential drivers of low-carbon economy development, and human capital can inversely regulate the impact of internet usage on CO2 emissions. Internet usage can increase CO2 emissions when human capital is below the threshold value, and it can significantly inhibit CO2 emissions when human capital exceeds the threshold value. In other words, with the accumulation of human capital, the effect of internet usage on CO2 emissions has an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship. Furthermore, the empirical analysis of high-income and middle- and low-income countries indicates the hindrance effect of internet usage on CO2 emissions is more evident in high-income countries. For both the high-income and middle- and low-income countries, the relationship between internet usage and CO2 emissions generally shows an inverted “U-shaped” relationship, first rising and then falling as human capital accumulates.

scholarly journals Avian mycoplasmosis monitoring in the Russian Federation in 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
A. E. Menshchikova ◽  
T. N. Brundakova ◽  
M. S. Volkov ◽  
V. N. Irza
Keyword(s):  
Serological Test ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mycoplasma Synoviae ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Poultry Farming

Under the conditions of intensive poultry farming and high concentration of poultry in a limited area mycoplasmoses cause significant economic damage to commercial poultry farming. Of greatest interest are respiratory mycoplasmosis and infectious synovitis, the causative agents of which are Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae, respectively. Considering that both diseases are included in the OIE list of notifiable diseases, it is necessary to perform constant control for their spread. The paper presents an analysis of serological test results for antibodies to mycoplasmosis agents in 2019. Six respiratory mycoplasmosis positive samples – and 129 infectious synovitis positive samples were detected when testing 2,401 chicken serum samples by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of monitoring tests of samples received from 31 poultry farms (nine RF Subjects) indicate a decrease in the number of Mycoplasma gallisepticuminfected stocks and stable Mycoplasma synoviae situation. The respiratory mycoplasmosis epidemic situation on indoor poultry farms might have improved due to obtaining the poultry for commercial parent stocks from mycoplasmosis-free sources, better sanitary and hygienic conditions, elimination of the disease provoking factors, and the use of the disease-specific means of prevention in the parent broiler stocks. The infectious synovitis situation remains tense despite the fact that the number of Мycoplasma synoviae-infected farms decreased in comparison with the monitoring results for 2015–2018. Most seropositive stocks were detected on the layer farms (50.0% – in 2019). It seems appropriate to increase the amount of tests to be performed and the number of farms covered by testing in 2020 to more fully present the disease spread situation in commercial poultry farming in Russia.

Economic Studies of Poultry Farming in New York--I. Commercial Poultry Farms

1938 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
S. H. De Vault ◽  
E. S. Misner ◽  
A. T. M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Economic Studies ◽  
Poultry Farming

scholarly journals Negative aspects of counter-knowledge on absorptive capacity and human capital

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-Gabriel Cegarra-Navarro ◽  
Gabriel Cepeda Carrión ◽  
Anthony Wensley
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Managerial Implication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – People live and work in a world where they do not have complete knowledge and, as a result, they make use of rumours, beliefs and assumptions about relevant areas of concern. The term counter-knowledge has been used to refer to knowledge created from unverified sources. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between counter-knowledge and human capital (HC) as well as investigating interactions between absorptive capacity (ACAP) and HC. Design/methodology/approach – A model is tested to examine the relationship between counter-knowledge, HC and the financial performance of 112 companies listed on the Spanish Stock Exchange. Findings – The results are calculated using structural equation modelling. This leads to the main conclusion that while the increasing presence of counter-knowledge leads to a reduction of ACAP and, by extension with HC. However, in the context of the sample, HC has positive effects on firms’ performance. Therefore, consideration must be given to the evaluation of the real cost of counter-knowledge or inappropriate assumptions on HC. Practical implications – The key managerial implication of this paper is that management should actively develop an organizational culture which questions the source of any knowledge and favours evidence-based reasoning over reasoning based on “gut instinct”, what has worked in the past and reasoning based on rumours and gossip. Originality/value – This paper provides empirical support for the argument that the all so-called “knowledge” generated from the sharing of unverified news is not necessarily good knowledge. Rumours or gossip shared thanks to unverified sources are some examples that illustrate people possibility to create inappropriate or false beliefs via unsupported explanations and justifications.

Financial institution ties and survival of small commercial poultry farms (SCPFs) in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Acheampong
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Savings And Loans ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Attribute Data ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to understand the usefulness of financial institution class ties in small commercial poultry farms’ (SCPFs’) survival in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses data from a network survey with associated attribute data on poultry small- and medium-sized enterprises. The data were collected in two waves between January 2014 and March 2015. Survival is estimated using a lagged probit model.FindingsIt was found that the survival rate of SCPFs is influenced by ties to universal banks and cooperative credit unions that have a positive effect while those with ties to savings and loans companies have a reduced survival probability.Originality/valueThe findings of the study make a significant contribution to the agricultural enterprise financing literature showing the relevance of the different financial institution types in the continued survival of agricultural SCPFs.

Assessment of knowledge and practice of vaccination of dogs against rabies by dog owners in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Audu Onyemocho ◽  
Agwa Moses ◽  
Aboh Kisani ◽  
Omole Namben Victoria ◽  
Anejo-Okopi Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Rabies, one of the oldest and fatal infectious diseases known to human race, is transmitted by infected dogs. The global target of zero dog-mediated rabies human deaths has been set for 2030; however, the realization of this goal poses challenges in most low-income countries where rabies is endemic due to weak surveillance. Dogs have been increasingly deployed for domestic uses over the years, especially for security purposes. This study assessed the assessment of knowledge and practice of vaccination of dogs against rabies by dog owners. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was employed to study 400 dog owners in Makurdi metropolis through multistage sampling techniques. Sighting of valid dog vaccination card was used as criteria for current vaccination. Bivariate analysis was carried out to establish the relationship between the respondent knowledge of rabies and dog vaccination with significant value set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 31 (Â ± 0.8) years, majority of them had tertiary and secondary education (40.0% and 39.0%, respectively), 26.0% were traders, and 50.0% were married. Overall, 73.0% of the respondents had good knowledge score, 61.0% had seen at least a rabid dog in their life time, and 74.0% have a history of dog vaccination, but evidence of up to date vaccination of dogs by owners was seen in only 18.0% of all the vaccination cards sighted. The relationship between the educational status of the respondents, their knowledge score, and their dog vaccination was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Knowledge of rabies among dog owners in Makurdi was good, but the practice of dog vaccination was poor. Educational status was a good predictor of practice. Awareness campaign on dog vaccination should be strengthened and adequate measures should be put in place at the veterinary hospitals in Makurdi for vaccination of dogs.

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